road condition
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2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012086
Author(s):  
Taghreed Reyadh Merza ◽  
Mohammed Abbas Al-Jumaili

Abstract In general, roads are a very important infrastructure to facilitate people’s access to their social and economic activities, so knowing the things that affect the efficiency of these roads is very important and how to maintain them. One of the aims of this research is to shed light on previous studies that showed the relationship between traffic characteristics and noise intensity on the condition of the breakable Pavement. The results of previous studies show that flexible Pavement has 19 potential failures and how to address them. There is a relationship between the characteristics of traffic flow and failures that occur in flexible paving. It is also possible to calculate the road condition by knowing the types of faults on the road using several roads or by using specific formulas to calculate the road condition index. There are relationships between the road condition index, the vehicles’ speed, and the models that link Noise to speed. And that most of the relationships that were used to calculate the elastic pavement condition index and its relationship to the movement characteristics are statistical relationships using ANOVA, recreation, and R2


Author(s):  
T. Saarenketo ◽  
S. Bell ◽  
G. Berntsen ◽  
S. Sundberg ◽  
E. Vuontisjärvi

Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur Yuniarto ◽  
Yoga Uta Nugraha ◽  
I Made Yulistya Negara ◽  
Dimas Anton Asfani ◽  
Indra Sidharta

<span lang="EN-US">The dynamic design specifications of a vehicle are used to define the required torque and speed of a permanent magnet motor. This is due to providing clear instructions on the intent, performance, and construction of a vehicle. Therefore, this study aims to determine an engineering design and prototyping process of a Permanent Magnet Motor, to be used as an electric powertrain in a Utility Vehicle. Based on being used in severe road condition (steep inclination and off road), the vehicle should be able to handle a 45° inclination with total payload of approximately 250 kg. Using a rear-wheel-drive traction, its weight should also be less than 1000 kg. Furthermore, the motor should be operated at a maximum battery voltage of 100 V. According to the requirements, the electric powertrain should further have the ability to deliver a torque of approximately 1600 Nm on both rear wheels. Using a finite element method to simulate performances, transmission was coupled to the motor in providing the required torque. In addition, the motor prototype was subsequently manufactured and tested using a dynamometer. The results showed that the motor produced 19.6 kW, 5600 RPM, and 75 Nm at 96 V. Therefore, the design and prototyping process of the motor satisfied all the required specification.</span>


Author(s):  
Rahul Upadhyay ◽  
Amrites Senapati ◽  
Ashis Bhattacherjee ◽  
Aditya Kumar Patra ◽  
Snehamoy Chatterjee ◽  
...  

Background: This study deals with some factors that influence the exposure of whole-body vibration (WBV) of dumper operators in surface mines. The study also highlights the approach to improve the multivariate linear analysis outcomes when collinearity exists between certain factor pairs. Material and Methods: A total number of 130 vibration readings was taken from two adjacent surface iron ore mines. The frequency-weighted RMS acceleration was used for the WBV exposure assessment of the dumper operators. The factors considered in this study are age, weight, seat backrest height, awkward posture, the machine age, load tonnage, dumper speed and haul road condition. Four machine learning models were explored through the empirical training-testing approach. Results: The bootstrap linear regression model was found to be the best model based on performance and predictability when compared to multiple linear regression, LASSO regression, and decision tree. Results revealed that multiple factors influence WBV exposure. The significant factors are: weight of operators (regression coefficient β=-0.005, p<0.001), awkward posture (β=0.033, p<0.001), load tonnage (β=-0.026, p<0.05), dumper speed (β=0.008, p<0.001) and poor haul road condition (β=0.015, p<0.001). Conclusion: The bootstrap linear regression model produced efficient results for the dataset which was characterized by collinearity. WBV exposure is multifactorial. Regular monitoring of WBV exposure and corrective actions through appropriate prevention programs including the ergonomic design of the seat would increase the health and safety of operators.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 815-823
Author(s):  
Daekyu Hwang ◽  
Bongsang Kim ◽  
Kyuho Lee ◽  
Hongseok Sim ◽  
Heechang Moon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Paul Dey

<p>Amenity values on urban arterial roads are fraught. This is largely due to the traditional traffic capacity versus amenity trade-off. This trade-off implies that high-capacity roads must be inherently deficient in amenity due to issues of air quality, noise nuisance and the physical barrier of streams of traffic. However, a more nuanced position – and one adopted by this thesis - is that arterial roads can be both busy thoroughfares and active, enjoyable destinations. This design-led research explores retrofitting amenity values onto existing arterial roads, creating new spaces and improving qualities of a system not originally constructed with amenity in mind.  Cuba Street in Lower Hutt is a regionally significant connector intended for future densified development. In addition to the current link function, this road needs to become more attractive as a destination and address. Consideration at the urban scale encourages broad, strategic planning to support amenity holistically. This urban planning addresses topics like desirable densification, transit-oriented development, walkable centres and how these affect the arterial road condition. In moving from urban-scaled to architectural design, the detailed implementation of the greater policies is tested. Architecture is engaged to respond to the immediate arterial road conditions with spaces and surfaces, protective buffers and layers. In this way - with architectural refinement and a comprehensive, coherent strategy - traffic capacity and amenity can be brought into balance.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Paul Dey

<p>Amenity values on urban arterial roads are fraught. This is largely due to the traditional traffic capacity versus amenity trade-off. This trade-off implies that high-capacity roads must be inherently deficient in amenity due to issues of air quality, noise nuisance and the physical barrier of streams of traffic. However, a more nuanced position – and one adopted by this thesis - is that arterial roads can be both busy thoroughfares and active, enjoyable destinations. This design-led research explores retrofitting amenity values onto existing arterial roads, creating new spaces and improving qualities of a system not originally constructed with amenity in mind.  Cuba Street in Lower Hutt is a regionally significant connector intended for future densified development. In addition to the current link function, this road needs to become more attractive as a destination and address. Consideration at the urban scale encourages broad, strategic planning to support amenity holistically. This urban planning addresses topics like desirable densification, transit-oriented development, walkable centres and how these affect the arterial road condition. In moving from urban-scaled to architectural design, the detailed implementation of the greater policies is tested. Architecture is engaged to respond to the immediate arterial road conditions with spaces and surfaces, protective buffers and layers. In this way - with architectural refinement and a comprehensive, coherent strategy - traffic capacity and amenity can be brought into balance.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
Taisto Haavasoja ◽  
Pauli Nylander ◽  
Leena Puhakka

Abstract Road Weather Stations (RWS) have been extensively used for collecting information about slippery road conditions during the last thirty years. Recently, vehicle based mobile road condition monitors have challenged the fixed RWS. Both approaches have their advantages and can complete each other. Fixed RWS can provide accurate trend data whereas mobile condition monitors can cover the road sections between RWS. Nevertheless, a traditional RWS is a fairly expensive investment, typically 30 000 € or much more, and often includes a number of components not essential for the purpose of measuring and predicting road conditions. To reduce the total cost we have developed a bare minimum of a fixed RWS including only the essential sensor information like road surface state, friction, water and frozen layer thickness, air temperature, road surface temperature, dew point temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and estimated ground temperature at -6 cm. The targeted end user price of the station is one third of the traditional price level. We report experiences with the first installations during 2020-2021.


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