alternative diet
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Author(s):  
Milutina K.L. ◽  
Harahulia A.O.

Purpose. The research concerns the problem of choosing an individual eating style and identifying possible psychological factors of choosing an eating style by a person. Methods. To achieve this purpose theoretical methods were used: analysis of psychological literature and generalization of psychological dates; empirical methods: Kugler-Jones guilt questionnaire, J. Rotter’s “Locus of Control” method, methods of mathematical and statistical processing and visualization of empirical data: one-way analysis of variance.Results. The results of an empirical study of psychological characteristics, in particular the features of guilt and personal responsibility in people with different eating styles. The sample was 80 people. Respondents were people aged 20 to 45 with different eating styles: traditional, healthy, alternative and interval. The traditional diet meant the consumption of food, characteristic of the culture of the subjects, healthy eating – strict restrictions on food consumption (calories, the ratio of macro- and micro-elements in the diet, restriction of harmful products and sugar), alternative (complete rejection of certain products or Interval or intermittent – alternation between meals, fasting for a day or several days. The greatest experience of guilt as a condition is inherent in people with a choice of alternative, healthy and interval eating styles. That is, people who choose a style of eating with certain restrictions have a fairly high, compared to the traditional style of eating emotional reaction to a particular behavior that may be contrary to their personal moral principles. The highest prevalence of guilt as a trait in people who follow a healthy and alternative diet. Such people have an emotional attitude, which is associated with responsibility for violating personal moral principles. Such specificity of guilt presupposes that such individuals are more likely to adhere to such severe restrictions on food consumption.Conclusions. It was researched the problem of choosing an individual eating style and identifying possible psychological factors of choosing an eating style by a person. Representatives of the traditional style of eating are attracted to the external locus of control, in contrast to the representatives of a healthy, alternative diet, which is characterized by an internal locus of control. At the same time, people with interval nutrition showed the same manifestation of both internal and external locus of personality control.Key words: orthorexia, eating styles, guilt, locus of control, morality. Мета. Дослідити проблему вибору індивідуального стилю харчування та виявлення можливих психологічних факторів вибору стилю харчування особистістю. Методи. Для реалізації цієї мети було використано теоретичні методи: аналіз психологічної літератури та узагальнення психологічних даних із проблеми дослідження, емпіричні: опитувальник провини Куглера-Джонс, методика «Локус-контролю» Дж. Роттера, методи математично-статистичної обробки та візуалізації емпіричних даних: однофакторний дисперсійний аналіз.Результати. Представлено результати емпіричного дослідження психологічних характеристик, зокрема особливостей прояву почуття провини та особистісної відповідальності в осіб з різним стилем харчування. Вибірка становила 80 осіб. Респондентами виступили особи віком від 20-ти до 45-ти років із різним стилем харчування: традиційним, здоровим, альтернативним та інтервальним. Під традиційним харчуванням малося на увазі споживання їжі, характерної для культури досліджуваних, під здоровим харчуванням – дотримання чітких обмежень у споживанні страв (калорійність, співвідношення макро- та мікроелементів у раціоні, обмеження шкідливих продуктів та цукру), альтернативним – повна відмова від певних продуктів або способів приготування їжі. Інтервальне або переривчасне – чергування між прийомами їжі, голодування протягом дня або кількох днів. Найбільше переживання провини як стану притаманне людям із вибором альтернативного, здоро-вого та інтервального стилів харчування. Тобто у людей, які вибирають стиль харчування з певними обмеженнями, виявлено досить високу, порівняно із представниками традиційного стилю харчування, емоційну реакцію на конкретну поведінку, яка може суперечити їхнім особистісним моральним прин-ципам. Найбільше переважає високий рівень переживання провини як риси у людей, які дотримуються здорового та альтернативного способу харчування. У таких осіб існує емоційна установка, яка пов’я-зана з відповідальністю за порушення особистісних моральних принципів. Така специфічність переживання почуття провини зумовлює те, що такі особистості з більшою ймовірністю можуть дотриму-ватися таких жорстких обмежень у споживанні їжі.Висновки. Досліджено особливості вибору індивідуального стилю харчування та виявлено мож-ливі психологічні фактори вибору стилю харчування. Представникам традиційного стилю харчування приманний екстернальний локус контролю на відміну від представників здорового, альтернативного харчування, яким притаманний інтернальний локус контролю. Причому в осіб з інтервальним харчуванням виявлено однаковий прояв як інтернального, так і екстернального локус контролю особистості.Ключові слова: орторексія, стилі харчування, провина, локус контролю, мораль.


2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Zh. Yu. Gorelova ◽  
Yu. V. Solovyova ◽  
T. A. Letuchaya

The features of food preferences of schoolchildren and the role of alternative nutrition in the prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases have been revealed. Food preferences have been determined: for breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner. Children with allergies, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and other nutritional diseases had the opportunity to choose an alternative diet, fully balanced on the days of the week, in accordance with sanitary standards and the requirements of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare. Meeting the needs of schoolchildren for nutrients and energy during the day provides for the presence of a basic diet at school (alternative food, in case of intolerance or allergy to certain foods), a regulated range of buffets in an educational organization (additional meals) and meals at home (dinner). Correctly compiled diet during the day contributes to the prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases. The necessity of organizing alternative nutrition at school to ensure the provision of children with intolerance to certain food products by means of an equivalent substitution for products permitted by a pediatrician and a nutritionist in the diet of children with alimentary diseases, including allergies, celiac disease, etc.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Poché ◽  
Kelsey Dawson ◽  
Batchimeg Tseveenjav ◽  
Richard M. Poché

Abstract Background Lyme disease, caused primarily by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in the United States. Treatment of rodent pathogen reservoirs with an oral acaricide may suppress the production of infected host-seeking ticks posing a risk for human infection. A previous study showed that an oral fipronil bait effectively controlled larval Ixodes scapularis ticks on white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) up to 15 days post-bait exposure. The present study expands upon this finding by exposing group-housed white-footed mice to fipronil bait under simulated field conditions prior to tick infestation. Methods Mice (n = 80) were housed in groups of 10 within large enclosures and offered a choice between fipronil bait within a commercial bait station and an alternative diet. The mice were assigned to two treatment groups and two control groups to undergo bait exposure durations of either 24 h (reduced) or 168 h (extended). Groups were further differentiated by the time point post-bait exposure when larval ticks were applied to mice within feeding capsules (reduced day 1, day 15; extended day 21, day 35). For 4 days post-tick introduction, attached larvae were observed by microscopy and replete larvae were recovered. Replete larvae were monitored for molting success. Plasma was collected from all treatment group mice to obtain fipronil plasma concentrations (CP). Results The fipronil bait (0.005% fipronil) was palatable and controlled larval ticks on white-footed mice when presented under simulated field conditions. Efficacy in preventing attached larvae from feeding to repletion was 100% (day 1), 89.0% (day 15), 85.8% (day 21), and 75.2% (day 35). When also considering molting success, the fipronil bait prevented 100% (day 1), 91.1% (day 15), 91.7% (day 21), and 82.5% (day 35) of larvae attaching to mice from molting. The mean CP per mouse was 191.5 ng/ml (day 1), 29.4 ng/ml (day 15), 10.6 ng/ml (day 21), and 1.0 ng/ml (day 35). Conclusions The results suggest that fipronil bait will be consumed by white-footed mice in the presence of an alternative diet, and effectively control larval ticks on treated mice. A field trial is needed to confirm the results of this study. Low-dose fipronil bait may provide a cost-effective means of controlling blacklegged ticks to be integrated into tick management programs. Graphical Abstract


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Amin Elsahoryi

Celiac disease is chronic autoimmune-mediated small intestinal enteropathy. CD caused by ingestion of the dietary gluten that found in wheat, barley, and rye, in the individual who are predisposed genetically by having leucocyte antigen, (HLA)-DQ2 or -DQ8-positive. Rigorous adherence to a gluten-free diet is the only treatment for this condition to reduce the symptoms and the consequences at the short-term and the long term. The aim of this chapter is provide updates and comprehensive overview about the celiac disease epidemiology, pathogenetic information, clinical, and diagnostic methods, updated therapeutic strategy approaches that followed as a treatment and recommendations. Its challenge to understand all the domains that causes celiac disease. Finding alternative diet and trying different lifestyle still under debates. However, complete exclusion of the gluten-containing food from the patient’s diet is the only effective treatment to avoid the disease complications.


Author(s):  
Pipit Festi W

Hypoalbuminemia is a condition in which albumin levels are less than 3.8 g / dl. Management of hypoalbumin can be done on a  high high in protein such as toman fish extract (Chana Micropetes). Toman fish extract contains globular protein which can be used as an alternative diet in increasing albumin levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of toman fish extract on increasing albumin levels in mencit (Mus musculus).               This research is an experimental research design with Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Samples using Mus musculus with the criteria of male sex, body weight 25-40 grm and 2 months old. The number of samples consisted of 32 animals consisting of 2 groups, 16 control groups and 16 treatment groups. Intervention by giving toman fish extract for 14 days. Research instruments, albumin levels and observation sheets. Data were tested statistically with Independent Sample t Test.               The results, this study showed the average value of albumin levels was 5.60 gr / dl in the treatment group so that an increase in albumin levels. There was a significant effect (p = 0,000 <α = 0.05) between the administration of toman fish extract to the increase in albumin levels in mencit (Mus Muculus).               Conclusion, giving toman fish extract can increase albumin levels in mencit. So that toman fish extract can be used as a high-protein alternative diet for hypoalbumin sufferers.Keywords: hypoalbumin, toman fish, (Chana Micropetes).


Author(s):  
Ilaria Farella ◽  
Raffaella Panza ◽  
Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre

The number of children on a vegetarian or vegan diet is gradually increasing. If not balanced and adequately supplemented, these dietary regimes can seriously impact the growth of children. Often the pediatrician is not perceived as a figure to rely on in the event of parents’ willingness to follow an alternative diet for their child. The feeling of distrust of parents towards the pediatrician can be dangerous for the health of the child. We present a 22-month-old boy with failure to thrive probably induced by an unbalanced vegetarian diet. The acquisition of the anamnestic data concerning the child’s diet was difficult because initially omitted by the parents. The poor compliance and the difficult follow-up highlights the difficulty in establishing a therapeutic alliance between parents who follow alternative regimens and the pediatrician.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1486-1494
Author(s):  
Mauricio Silva de Lima ◽  
Wendel José Teles Pontes ◽  
Rafaella de Lucena Nóbrega

Coccinellids can exploit a wide variety of foods and other sources of nutrients to supplement their diet. The use of these secondary sources of food, is called an alternative diet. Some species are able to maintain their development and reproduction by feeding exclusively on an alternative diet, while the fecundity of others are compromised. One of the major sources of alternative food exploited by predator coccinellids is pollen. The aim of this research is test the hypothesis that pollen affects the fecundity of the B. foudrasii. A group of females were fed with nymphs and adults of F. dasylirii mealybug. A second groupe were feed with F. darsylirii along with pollen, and a third group was fed only pollen. All female beetles were observed for 10 days. The eggs were counted and the females were dissected, to access oocyte maturation. The results showed that only females fed with mealybugs oviposited. These females had an average of 18.9 mature oocytes. Females fed with the mix of mealybugs and pollen had an average of 17.4 mature oocytes. Females fed exclusively pollen had no mature oocytes. Our results suggest that pollen appeared to exert an inhibitory effect and oviposition behavior.


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