Keeping the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child Relevant in the Digital Age

This chapter considers how the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the U.N. General Assembly in 1989 and ratified by every nation except the United States, protects the present and future rights of all children. However, the digital rights of children could not have been anticipated when the treaty was drafted. How should parents, legislators, child advocates, and others strive to both protect children from potential internet harm while still allowing children to develop the requisite skills needed to negotiate the internet alone? How best to achieve the balance between protection and digital participation will be the primary focus of this chapter.

Ethics, Digital Rights Management, and Cyber Security

Cloud content hosting and redistribution is enabling convenient and easy access to online content thereby accelerating the adoption and penetration of internet in past two decades. The current Industry 4.0 revolution and adoption and acceleration efforts are leveraging cloud computing as a means to store, retrieve, and share data. This makes the internet a relatively vulnerable to content abuse and increase the demand of clear consent before data consumption and redistribution. The growth of cloud computing and management technologies is penetrating in the market, and digital rights management (DRM) practices are needed for better and ethically safe online space. This chapter talks about state-of-the-art DRM paradigms being proposed in the literature and critically discusses their technical performance, flexibility, and immutability challenges. This chapter will clarify internet governance implementation roadmap for Industry 4.0 revolution by critically analyzing the cloud technology stack and ethical features by advocating Cloud DRM.

Digital access rights management in the information systems of e-libraries and digital archives

The author reviews the basic types of digital document content protection from unauthorized access and dissemination applied by publishers and book trading companies. The principles of digital rights management (DRM) while accessing digital documents. The author suggests that DRM systems are efficient to be applied to certain types and formats of digital documents in libraries and archives. He also reviews several commercial solutions for DRM-systems plied to the most popular PDF-format and substantiates the importance of DRM-systems standardization for digital document friendliness both for the users and rights holders disseminating digital publications. Existing and newly introduced international standards for DRM-systems are discussed. The typology of digital rights protection software as provided for by the standards is presented along with regulated DRM-system features based on data coding. Readium project by international non-profit Readium Foundation exemplifies standard approach to DRM-system design. The project goal is to develop software modules to integrate standard DRM-technology into computer information systems including ALIS.

Transgender Microcelebrity Activists: Self-broadcasting as Politics

This research is a qualitative study of Natalie Wynn and Blaire White, two transgender women who empower themselves via social media. Through microcelebrity practices, these two figures have garnered audiences online to disseminate ideas pertaining to their political ideologies. I examine the transgender microcelebrities’ Instagram accounts and YouTube videos via Jerslev’s framework for microcelebrity practices based on observations of self-celebrification on YouTube. The observed content was then examined through a political activist lens using framework from Daskal on digital rights. Participatory technologies become a tool for mobilization and information sharing. Broadcasting one’s experiences and how they relate to larger dialectics of a minority group is political in nature. This self-representation is significant for minority groups that lack sufficient mainstream approval and media representation. This study cannot define what success looks like for a digital activist, as it would be difficult to find and measure qualitative actions directly resulting from self-broadcasting. As more communication takes place on computer-mediated technologies, it must be acknowledged these interactions do not take place within a vacuum, and effects are felt offline, even if we cannot measure each instance of influence from watching a 40-minute video on YouTube.

Navigating Digital Borderscapes: A Case Study from Rohingya Refugee Settlements in Bangladesh

Based on a case study of the lived experiences of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh between 2017 and 2019, this article focuses on displaced people’s digital needs and innovative efforts to navigate the challenges in their situation. The article first discusses the major barriers faced by Rohingya refugees in using various digital devices and platforms and how these obstacles adversely affect them in obtaining necessary information and humanitarian services. Our findings from the field highlight the uniquely important role that mobile repair shops in the camps play in providing online-offline hybrid solutions to circumvent restrictions imposed on the refugee community by the host government. The findings also show that different types of community leaders have emerged and that Rohingya women use digital means to push back against double discrimination. The article concludes with policy considerations related to the geopolitically transcendent issues of displacement, democracy, and digital rights.

SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONCEPT OF THE PROJECT OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

This article for the first time analyzes the meaning, necessity, purpose, subject of legal regulation of the Entrepreneurial Code and current legislation in the field of entrepreneurship. It also reveals the essence of some international legal acts and ways of solving systemic problems in the field of entrepreneurship. In addition, on the basis of the study of the scientific foundations and priority areas of norm-setting problem-target issues for the development of the draft Entrepreneurial Code, substantiated conclusions and proposals are justified.Keywords:national legal system, entrepreneurial legislation, unification, systematization, Entrepreneurial code, digital rights, digital business, entrepreneurial activity, digital civil circulation, legal protection, subject of legal regulation, entrepreneurial legal relationship