Analysis and Research on Digital Reading Platform of Multimedia Library by Big Data Computing in Internet Era

Digital reading promotion service is a service way for libraries to provide readers with a series of digital resources, enjoy the service functions, and share the experience of using them in various digital reading platforms, which is to meet the reading interests and reading needs of more readers, and is also the focus of the current library work. In the era of new media, the characteristics of digital reading are subtly changing the readers’ needs for reading environment, reading content, and reading style. Libraries should keep pace with the development of the times and provide readers with diversified, intelligent, and targeted digital reading platforms. The digital reading platform should continuously improve the digital reading service functions, broaden the service scope and dissemination channels, and finally realize the diversification, interest, and intelligence of digital reading service. This paper takes the digital reading platform of libraries in the region as the research theme and carries out research work on libraries. The province is divided into three regions according to the geographical map: southeastern region, central region, and northwestern region. The digital reading platforms of 14 prefecture-level public libraries and 58 libraries of higher education institutions in each region were accessed. Firstly, we check the construction of digital resources within the library websites, secondly, we count the opening of digital reading platform functions, and finally, we check the opening of digital reading platforms. Through the research, it is found that there are problems of unbalanced distribution of digital reading resources in regional libraries; unattractive design of readers’ interface and inadequate reading service functions; lack of continuous training of readers’ guidance; insufficient publicity and promotion; low efficiency of staff in responding to consultation; and low degree of platform openness and weak awareness of sharing. Finally, the problems found in the research are summarized, and the solution measures for the regional digital reading platform are proposed. Libraries in the digital era should give priority to systems that can manage all library resources comprehensively and effectively, adapt to more flexible library workflows, and enable libraries to provide better services to users.

HANSENÍASE: PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO REALIZADO EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO NOROESTE PAULISTA ENTRE 2014 E 2019

O presente trabalho tem como proposta traçar o perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase em um município do Noroeste Paulista no período de 2014 a 2019. A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa crônica causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae, que compromete o tecido cutâneo, mucoso e sistema nervoso periférico. Ao adentrarmos ao cenário dessa doença tão estigmatizada, discriminada e ainda desconhecida por muitos, surgiu a necessidade de se fazer um levantamento de sua prevalência no município. Foram utilizados dados sociodemográficos e epidemiológicos para que fossem observados de forma comparativa os polos estudados. Trata-se de uma abordagem quantitativa de natureza exploratória e descritiva, realizada a partir de um levantamento de dados efetuado nas Fichas de Investigação Epidemiológica da Hanseníase. O estudo mostra como a hanseníase se comporta entre a população desde a sua incidência e prevalência, faixa etária, gênero, classificação operacional e forma clínica. Este trabalho poderá contribuir com informações confiáveis a fim de melhorar o cenário epidemiológico da doença no município de Santa Fé do Sul – São Paulo. HANSEN’S DISEASE: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE CARRIED OUT IN A MUNICIPALITY IN THE NORTHWESTERN REGION OF SÃO PAULO BETWEEN 2014 AND 2019 ABSTRACT The present paper aims to trace the epidemiological profile of Hansen’s disease in a municipality of Northwestern São Paulo in the period from 2014 to 2019. Hansen’s disease is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which compromises the skin tissue, mucous membranes, and the peripheral nervous system. Once we approached the scenario of this stigmatized and discriminated disease, which remains unknown to many, the urge arose to conduct a survey of its prevalence in the municipality. Sociodemographic and epidemiological data were used for comparative observation of the studied poles. This is a quantitative approach of exploratory and descriptive nature, based on a data survey carried out in the Hansen’s disease Epidemiological Investigation Forms. The research reveals how it behaves among the population from its incidence and prevalence, age group, gender, operational classification, and clinical form. This paper may contribute with reliable information to improve the epidemiological scenario of the disease in the municipality of Santa Fé do Sul - São Paulo. Keywords: Hansen's disease; Epidemiological Profile; Epidemiological monitoring; Mycobacterium leprae.

Effect of eastward moving cloud clusters over northwest India and neighbourhood on the Indian summer monsoon

A number of studies have been made relating to the prediction of date of onset and also the activity of southwest monsoon over India. In this study an attempt has been made to link the behaviour of rainfall in northern and peninsular India to the satellite cloud clusters over the region of Afghanistan, Iran and northwest India. The monsoon rainfall over India commences in June. Hence variation of monsoon rainfall pattern with the movement of cloud clusters from northwest in pre-monsoon and monsoon months have been studied to elucidate the pattern of changes. The variability of monsoon performance largely depends on the number and movement of cloud clusters over northwestern region during pre-monsoon and monsoon months.

ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF INCREASING DATA RELIABILITY FOR PROBLEMS OF SHORT TERM FORECASTING OF NODAL LOAD

A comparative analysis of clustering methods was performed to identify gaps and anomalous values in the data. Data from the northwestern region of the United States were used for evaluation. According to the analysis results, it was found that the use of the DBSCAN method leads to a much smaller number of false positives. An algorithm for two-stage data validation using clustering and time series decomposition methods is proposed. Ref.9, fig. 3, tables 3.

Proportion and distribution of rain and snow in China from 1960 to 2018

Rainfall and snowfall have different effects on energy balance calculations and land-air interactions in terrestrial models. The identification of precipitation types is crucial to understand climate change dynamics and the utilization of water resources. However, information regarding precipitation types is not generally available. The precipitation obtained from meteorological stations across China recorded types only before 1979. This study parameterized precipitation types with air temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure from 1960 to 1979, and then identified precipitation types after 1980. Results show that the main type of precipitation in China was rainfall, and the average annual rainfall days (amounts) across China accounted for 83.08% (92.55%) of the total annual precipitation days (amounts). The average annual snowfall days (amounts) in the northwestern region accounted for 32.27% (19.31%) of the total annual precipitation days (amounts), which is considerably higher than the national average. The average annual number of rainfall and snowfall days both displayed a downward trend while the average annual amounts of these two precipitation types showed an upward trend, but without significance at 0.1 levels. The annual number of rainfall and snowfall days in the southwestern region decreased significantly (-2.27 d/decade and -0.31 d/decade, p < 0.01). The annual rainfall amounts in the Jianghuai region increased significantly (40.70 mm/decade, p < 0.01), and the areas with the most significant increase in snowfall amounts were the northwestern (3.64 mm/decade, p < 0.01). These results can inform our understanding of the distribution and variation of precipitation with different types in China.

Wintertime precipitation climate of Central Southwest Asia: Diagnostics and forecasting

<p>Central Southwest Asia (CSWA; 20°–47°N, 40°–85°E) is a water-scarce and a societally vulnerable region, prone to significant variations in precipitation during the winter months of November–April. Wintertime precipitation variations have a direct impact on CSWA's water resources, agricultural productivity, energy use, and human society. Because of the close relationship between climate and human well-being, an improved understanding of winter season precipitation and its variability over CSWA is of critical importance. However, due to multiple regional challenges (e.g. socio-political instability, extreme topographical heterogeneity, poor coverage of in situ stations, and others) analysis of precipitation in this region has been limited. In an attempt to bridge the existing knowledge gap, this thesis aims to advance our understanding of CSWA's wintertime precipitation climate through three separate, but inter-related studies on 1) evaluation of multi-source gridded precipitation dataset, 2) investigation of spatial and temporal patterns of precipitation and its links with large-scale modes of climate variability, 3) development of a statistical forecast model. Additionally, precipitation evaluation is also relevant to the overlapping and important region of the Indian subcontinent; a detailed seasonal analysis for which is also presented. First, the performance of several commonly used gridded precipitation products from multiple sources: gauge-based, satellite-derived, and reanalysis is analysed for all four seasons over the Indian Subcontinent. Results show that the degree of uncertainty in all precipitation estimates varies by region (e.g. topographic relief) and the type of precipitation (e.g. convective, orographic). At the seasonal scale, satellite-products perform better, while reanalyses generally overestimate precipitation. Greater discrepancies occur in areas with low gauge densities, owing to which a complete understanding of the accuracy and limitations of precipitation estimates is hampered for the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. In an extension study, ten multi-source precipitation products are evaluated against an ensemble of four gauge-only datasets. This analysis is carried out for CSWA, which also includes the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Spatial and temporal analysis of results shows that GPCC is a suitable observational dataset for studying long-term wintertime precipitation variations over CSWA. The satellite-derived TRMM 3B42-V7 is a potentially reliable alternative to gauge measurements, while the performance of MERRA reanalysis is satisfactory. Further, the spatial-temporal patterns of wintertime precipitation variability over CSWA are explored. Three leading patterns are identified by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and the associated time series are related to global SST and other large-scale atmospheric circulation fields. The leading patterns of winter precipitation are significantly linked with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO); East Atlantic–Western Russia (EA-WR); Siberian High; North Pacific Oscillation (NPO); Scandinavian pattern; and the long-term warming of the Indian Ocean SST. The inter-decadal change of relationship between the first-mode of winter precipitation and ENSO is also investigated, which shows that CSWA precipitation variability was closely related to the extratropical EA-WR (tropical ENSO) teleconnection before (after) the 1980's. Finally, the level and origin of seasonal forecast skill of wintertime precipitation anomalies over CSWA are examined using the statistical method of canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The preceding months’ (September–October) SST is used as predictors, and CCA experiments are performed for two sets of time periods, 1950/51–2014/15 and 1980/81–2014/15. For both prediction periods, the potential source of predictability originates largely from SST variations related to ENSO and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). A higher (lower) correlation skill of 0.71 (0.38) is obtained between observations and cross-validated precipitation forecasts for the period 1980/81–2014/15 (1950/51–2014/15); which shows that ENSO played a dominant role in creating skillful predictions for CSWA wintertime precipitation in recent years.</p>

Wintertime precipitation climate of Central Southwest Asia: Diagnostics and forecasting

<p>Central Southwest Asia (CSWA; 20°–47°N, 40°–85°E) is a water-scarce and a societally vulnerable region, prone to significant variations in precipitation during the winter months of November–April. Wintertime precipitation variations have a direct impact on CSWA's water resources, agricultural productivity, energy use, and human society. Because of the close relationship between climate and human well-being, an improved understanding of winter season precipitation and its variability over CSWA is of critical importance. However, due to multiple regional challenges (e.g. socio-political instability, extreme topographical heterogeneity, poor coverage of in situ stations, and others) analysis of precipitation in this region has been limited. In an attempt to bridge the existing knowledge gap, this thesis aims to advance our understanding of CSWA's wintertime precipitation climate through three separate, but inter-related studies on 1) evaluation of multi-source gridded precipitation dataset, 2) investigation of spatial and temporal patterns of precipitation and its links with large-scale modes of climate variability, 3) development of a statistical forecast model. Additionally, precipitation evaluation is also relevant to the overlapping and important region of the Indian subcontinent; a detailed seasonal analysis for which is also presented. First, the performance of several commonly used gridded precipitation products from multiple sources: gauge-based, satellite-derived, and reanalysis is analysed for all four seasons over the Indian Subcontinent. Results show that the degree of uncertainty in all precipitation estimates varies by region (e.g. topographic relief) and the type of precipitation (e.g. convective, orographic). At the seasonal scale, satellite-products perform better, while reanalyses generally overestimate precipitation. Greater discrepancies occur in areas with low gauge densities, owing to which a complete understanding of the accuracy and limitations of precipitation estimates is hampered for the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. In an extension study, ten multi-source precipitation products are evaluated against an ensemble of four gauge-only datasets. This analysis is carried out for CSWA, which also includes the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Spatial and temporal analysis of results shows that GPCC is a suitable observational dataset for studying long-term wintertime precipitation variations over CSWA. The satellite-derived TRMM 3B42-V7 is a potentially reliable alternative to gauge measurements, while the performance of MERRA reanalysis is satisfactory. Further, the spatial-temporal patterns of wintertime precipitation variability over CSWA are explored. Three leading patterns are identified by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and the associated time series are related to global SST and other large-scale atmospheric circulation fields. The leading patterns of winter precipitation are significantly linked with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO); East Atlantic–Western Russia (EA-WR); Siberian High; North Pacific Oscillation (NPO); Scandinavian pattern; and the long-term warming of the Indian Ocean SST. The inter-decadal change of relationship between the first-mode of winter precipitation and ENSO is also investigated, which shows that CSWA precipitation variability was closely related to the extratropical EA-WR (tropical ENSO) teleconnection before (after) the 1980's. Finally, the level and origin of seasonal forecast skill of wintertime precipitation anomalies over CSWA are examined using the statistical method of canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The preceding months’ (September–October) SST is used as predictors, and CCA experiments are performed for two sets of time periods, 1950/51–2014/15 and 1980/81–2014/15. For both prediction periods, the potential source of predictability originates largely from SST variations related to ENSO and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). A higher (lower) correlation skill of 0.71 (0.38) is obtained between observations and cross-validated precipitation forecasts for the period 1980/81–2014/15 (1950/51–2014/15); which shows that ENSO played a dominant role in creating skillful predictions for CSWA wintertime precipitation in recent years.</p>

Changes in the nutritional profile of medicine students during the COVID-19 pandemic period and its correlation with anxiety: a prospective cross-sectional observational study

Introduction: Pandemics cause strong social, economic, and political impacts. Social isolation to reduce the virus’ impact and to retard the health system breakdown caused by SARS-Cov-2 have affected the population’s lifestyle, including medical students. Objective: Identity which impacts the daily meal plan has the COVID-19’s Pandemic caused in medical students; Correlate data obtained in different grades of the medical course and present the nutritional profile of the students, who attended the study. Methods: Survey realized in students of a private medical course in the São Paulo northwestern region, with a questionary containing open questions and tests, sent online in conjunction with the Term of Consent. This study was analyzed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee according to a substantiated opinion number 4.373.785, and obtaining the patient's consent through the Informed Consent Form. Results: 117 students, between the 1st and 4th grade of the course, have attended the following study, 75 female, 42 male, allocated in similar proportions in the 4 initial grades of the course, ages between 17 and 31 years old; Most of the students feel more anxiety (78,6%), associated with changes in the nutritional profile, with the increase of high-energy food, highlighted by the bigger propension of this group to the consumption of sweets and white-wheat pasta in the daily meal plan. It is important to notice that many other food groups have suffered an enhancement in consumption as well, such as legumes, dried meat, vegetal oil, olive oil, and greenery. Conclusion: The COVID-19 Pandemic brought impacts to the daily meal plan of the medical students, especially in the ones who feel more anxious. The enhancement of the daily consumption of food by the medical students is notable, in the most diverse food classifications. However, it is concluded in this study that it cannot be said that anxiety and/or self-declared stress is a risk factor for the increase in food consumption observed, as well as a pattern of its impacts on the students' food, cannot be defined.

Role of FSUE “Atomflot” in the implementation of programs for the rehabilitation of nuclear legacy facilities and in the system of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste management in the Murmansk region

The article provides an overview of the FSUE Atomflot activities aimed at improving the infrastructure and production facilities for the management of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste at FSUE Atomflot and ensuring nuclear, radiation and environmental safety, both in the Murmansk region and throughout the northwestern region of Russia. Carrying out work within the Federal Target Program “Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety for 2016—2020 and for the period up to 2030” in cooperation with production structures of both Rosatom and other federal and regional departments responsible for the ecological situation in the region also takes an important place.

Evaluation of tolerance to Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani in Virginia-type tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) varieties under controlled conditions in Northwestern Argentina

The production of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in Argentina is centered in the northwestern region (NWA), where the incidence of root rots and stem diseases caused by Fusarium spp. has increased considerably in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity levels of isolates of the F. oxysporum and F. solani complexes in different varieties of Virginia Type tobacco. The commercial varieties MB47, PVH229, NC71, K346, K326, and K394 were inoculated with six isolates of both complexes. The variables evaluated were the incidence and severity of the symptoms. The area under the disease progress curves (AUDPC) was calculated and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Also, disease epidemiological models were fitted to the experimental data. The MB47 variety was significantly less infected and the varieties K346, K326, and K394 had the highest AUDPC means, showing susceptibility to the isolates. The disease intensity curves were adequately described by the monomolecular and logistic models. The results provide, for the first time, information about the levels of tolerance to vascular wilt and root rot under controlled conditions for the main varieties of Virginia-type tobacco grown in NWA. Highlights: FOSC isolates produced mainly wilting, chlorosis, and growth reduction in tobacco plants; in contrast, FSSC isolates caused root rot, with characteristic necrotic lesions and root rot symptoms. The highest DSI scores were registered for Fo27 and Fo15, while the lowest DSI score was found for Fs98. The results obtained from the DSI scores were related to the mean AUDPC values of the isolates. MB47 and NC71 were significantly less infected than the other varieties, which registered low AUDPC values.