Post-Fordist Production and Urban Industrial Land Use Patterns

Economic restructuring of the 21st century is changing the production methods and location requirements of most industries. Mass production on the outskirts of cities, as was common in 20th century Fordism, is largely being replaced by an economic model characterised by a multitude of networked small and medium-sized production sites as well as logistics facilities. In this article, we want to examine if this also creates the opportunity to combine some of the smaller industrial areas with the city as a whole and to initiate a transformation of these areas in favour of redensification and mixed use. Examining the case of Kassel, Germany, we take a closer look at the transformation processes from Fordism to post-Fordism and the possibilities for a smarter land use. In this largely industrially shaped region, younger companies such as the solar panel producer SMA are using new approaches in terms of urban planning and land use by building their low emission-factories on greyfields in an urban environment rather than on suburban greenfields. In our article, we survey selected industrial areas in Kassel and discuss their recent change as part of a broader development from Fordism to post-Fordism. Firstly, the study contains a theoretical discussion of commercial and industrial land-use patterns in both socio-economic models. Subsequently, an on-site analysis is carried out to determine the extent to which both economic models have influenced the use and shape of industrial areas in Kassel. Based on this analysis, we finally show criteria for how urban planning can help to ensure that this change is combined with an improvement in the spatial and design quality of the industrial areas and is meaningfully integrated into the sustainable development of the city region.

Spatial Threshold Effect of Industrial Land Use Efficiency on Industrial Carbon Emissions: A Case Study in China

China’s industry is still in the middle of industrialization. Land use activities are crucial to the growth of carbon emissions. However, few scholars focus on the influence mechanism between industrial land use efficiency (ILUE) and industrial carbon emissions. In this paper, the threshold model and the spatial Durbin model are used to investigate the spatial threshold effect of industrial land use efficiency on industrial carbon emission from 2003 to 2018. The results show that ILUE of China’s provinces basically shows an improvement trend, with little difference in spatial distribution, showing a pattern of high in the eastern region and low in the western region. When economic development level (A) and technical level (T) are taken as the threshold variable, ILUE has a single threshold effect on industrial carbon emissions in the eastern region. In the central region, with a as the threshold variable, ILUE shows a double threshold effect on industrial carbon emission. Under the 0–1 geographical proximity weight matrix, the indirect spillover effect of ILUE on reducing regional carbon emissions is significant, and the indirect effect is even greater than that on regional carbon emissions. The spatial spillover effect is not significant in the eastern region. These findings have important practical significance for promoting regional industrial transformation and upgrading, optimizing land space and realizing high-quality economic development.

Can China’s Resource-Saving and Environmentally Friendly Society Really Improve the Efficiency of Industrial Land Use?

The Chinese government is committed to its goal of building a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society (RES). The hope is that establishing an RES will accelerate social and economic development, improve resource utilization, and transform industrialization. This paper focuses on the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration (CZTUA) in Hunan Province, which is a pilot for the RES, as an example. A slack-based measure model based on data envelopment analysis was used to evaluate industrial land use efficiency (ILUE), which includes undesirable outputs. We collected panel data from 2003 to 2018 and used the difference-in-differences method to investigate whether the ILUE in the CZTUA has improved since the implementation of the RES in 2007. The results showed that: (1) the ILUE in the CZTUA increased from 0.25 in 2003 to 0.48 in 2018; (2) from 2007 to 2018, the establishment of the RES increased the ILUE in the CZTUA by 24.6%; (3) gross domestic product and the secondary industry structure ratio had key roles in improving the ILUE in the CZTUA; (4) there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic development and the ILUE in the CZTUA; (5) since the establishment of the RES, the pollution emission index of the CZTUA has clearly decreased each year. These findings not only provide a reference for the Chinese government for following up the formation of the RES and its promotion in other regions of China, but may also contribute to sustainable economic development in other transitional countries in the world.

Shallow Aquifer Groundwater Facies At Multiple Landuse Sites In Manglayang Volcanic Area, Jatinangor And Surroundings, Indonesia

Manglayang Mountain is generally composed by old and young volcanic materials. Older rocks are located around the northern part of mountain peak, in medial and distal parts. In the southern and southeastern parts composed by relatively young volcanic rocks starting from the proximal, medial to distal. These geologic conditions produce diverse aquifer systems. These differences in land use environments contribute to water quality conditions in local shallow aquifers. The research is therefore carried out in order to the effect of difference in land use environments on groundwater facies by dividing the area based on each land use. Land use in the research area is dominated by allotment of agricultural land, settlement, and industry. The study was conducted from the medial area to distal to the southern part of Manglayang Mountain, administratively including Sukasari, Jatinangor, and Rancaekek districts. To observe the groundwater conditions in the aquifer from the study area, physical and chemical parameters were tested. Chemical parameter test results were plotted using piper diagrams and Durov diagrams as a method that can illustrate the condition of groundwater facies. Physical characteristics of groundwater may reflect groundwater interactions with rocks. Measurable TDS concentrations of 48 - 299 mg / L and measured EC 100 - 1020 μmhos / cm, show different interaction conditions between groundwater with rocks or have received different material subsidies. Similarly, the occurrence of temperatures that vary considerably between air and water indicates the distance of groundwater sources with various water bodies. The groundwater facies that developed in the research area are generally dominated by Ca, HCO3 in the agricultural land use area, Mg, HCO3 in the settlement area, and in some Cl-facing evolving places in the industrial land use zones. In addition, there are also indications of mixing of anions and cations in groundwater samples in all three land use areas. This indicates that there has been a change in groundwater characteristics in some areas of land use utilization in the research area

Comparative Analysis of the Factors Influencing Land Use Change for Emerging Industry and Traditional Industry: A Case Study of Shenzhen City, China

Analyzing the factors influencing emerging industry land use change is important for promoting industrial transformation and for upgrading and improving the level of intensive use of emerging industry land. In recent years, to solve the problem of land resource shortage and expansion space, Shenzhen has implemented a strategy of promoting urban development through technological innovation and has actively promoted the transformation of inefficient industrial land to emerging industry. This article introduces the development, land use types, and spatial distribution of Shenzhen’s emerging industries. Based on the logistic regression model, we analyze the differences between the factors influencing changes in land use for both emerging and traditional industry. The research results show that the distance from public roads, the distance from highways, the distance from railway freight stations, the proportion of secondary industry, and the proportion of tertiary industry are important explanatory variables for the two types of land use change. Traditional industrial land use is also affected by the land slope, the distance from ports, the population, and fixed asset investment. Emerging industry land use is also affected by the distance from the airport, the number of railway stations, the quality of the population, and innovation-driving forces. These results provide a reference for government to rationally plan emerging industry land and differentiated management of this, in order to fill the current research gap in the field of land use change, and to contribute to research revealing the mechanisms driving changes in emerging industrial land.

Initial impacts of COVID-19 on youth offending: An exploration of differences across communities

A number of international studies have found that the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with reductions in crime, primarily due to changes in the routine activities of the population. However, to date there has been no targeted exploration of how COVID-19 may have influenced youth offending, which may be more heavily impacted by the changes heralded by COVID-19 containment measures. This study examines changes in youth offending in an Australia jurisdiction, Queensland, following the implementation of COVID-19 containment measures from the period April to June 2020. Additionally, differences in impacts across community types were explored. Findings from the panel regression indicated significant declines in youth property offending, offences against the person and public order offences in this period, but no significant changes in illicit drug offences. There were also significant differences across communities according to socio-economic status, per cent Indigenous population, and the extent of commercial or industrial land use. Findings are explored with reference to environmental crime theories and the potential impacts of social, economic and policing changes that occurred in this period.