Electrode Design for Thermal and Non-Thermal Plasma Discharge Inside a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber

Previous methods of achieving ignition in the Plasma, Combustion and Fluid imaging (PCFi) Laboratory's Constant Volume Combustion Chamber (CVCC) utilizes either a standard or modified spark plug. The standard spark plug achieves a representation of side wall ignition (similar to a combustion engine) while modified spark plug has an extended electrode to allow for a center camber ignition used for laminar burning speed (LBS) measurements. The creation of the modified spark plug required welding a stainless-steel wire to the electrode of the plug. The creation of these electrodes is time consuming and requires a large quantity to effectively test a wide range of parameters such as gap size or electrode geometry. Two custom-design electrodes are presented in this paper which extend the experimental range of the PCFi's CVCC system. Electrode Design A, gives the ability to test thin wire electrode with adjustability of gap size and different diameters through use of a compression fitting. This electrode design (i.e., tip-to-tip) is utilized with a traditional style of automotive ignition system (i.e., capacitive discharge) to study ignition process (i.e., thermal plasma) and spherical flame propagation. Electrode Design B, adds the ability to change tip geometry (i.e., plate-to-plate, tip-to-plate, tip-to-sphere, plate-to-sphere, etc). In this paper the plate-to-plate configuration is demonstrated to study uniform low-temperature nanosecond plasma discharge. Both electrode designs reduce structural weakness by removing the welded joint and allow for linear gap size adjustment. The electrode utilizes high-temperature epoxy, ceramic and grafoil seals to make parameter adjustments easy and precise. The design was analyzed, prior to building and testing, based on the stress induced from the sealant, the total rated voltage, the rated temperature and the fracture stress of the ceramic material. The stress induced in the electrodes was analyzed with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and the results were found to be within the limits of the material in terms of the compressive and fracture strengths. The maximum voltage was found to be around 30 kV. Design A is presented with 3 different electrode diameters of 1.3, 1 and 0.5 mm and Design B which utilizes a threaded connection for adjustable tip geometry. A sample of data, visual and electrical, is presented for the newly created electrode with a 0.5 mm diameter as well as combustion images for up to 10 atm of initial pressure for methane-air mixture. The new electrode design was able to survive several months of experimental use with few issues compared with the previous welded design.

Penerapan Data Mining Association Rule Menggunakan Algoritma FP-Growth Untuk Persediaan Sparepart Pada Bengkel

Many individuals are interested in starting a workshop. By responding to each customer's desires, the workshop company may continue to develop, and so the data mining technique can address this challenge. The FP-Growth algorithm is one of the methods that may be used to determine the stock availability of automotive spare components such as engine oil, spark plugs, oil filters, ac filters, batteries, tires, and so on. This research is divided into four stages: problem identification, data gathering, data processing, and data testing. Based on the results of the testing, AK (Battery), OM (Engine Oil), and BS (Spark plug) received support values of 33% and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, the BN (Ban) and KR (Kampas Bram) values were found with 33% support and 80% confidence. Furthermore, we obtain AK (Battery) and OM (Engine Oil) with 33% support and 80% confidence, and BN (Tires) and OM (Engine Oil) with 33% support and 80% confidence. OM (Engineering Oil), AK (Battery), and BS (Battery Storage) are the abbreviations for the terms OM (Engineering Oil), AK (Battery), and BS (Battery (Spark plug)).

Analisis Variasi Busi Terhadap Performa dan Bahan Bakar Motor Bensin 2 Langkah Yamaha F1ZR 110CC

Spark plugs have various types and specifications that can improve motorcycle performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of torque, power, and fuel consumption in a two-stroke gasoline engine produced from standard, platinum, and iridium spark plugs. The method used in this research is to use the one-way variance test method or One-way ANOVA. This test was carried out using a Yamaha F1ZR motorcycle which was carried out using a dyno test tool. The test results for this platinum spark plug have the highest torque reaching 14.78 ft-lbs at 7,500 rpm engine speed, while for standard spark plugs obtained 10.14 ft-lbs. at 7500 rpm engine speed and iridium spark plugs get 9.53 ft-lbs at 7500 rpm engine speed. The highest power is obtained on platinum spark plugs reaching 14.78 hp at 7500 rpm engine speed, while for standard spark plugs 14.47 hp at 7500 rpm engine speed and for iridium spark plug 13.62 hp at 7500 rpm engine speed. The lowest fuel consumption is produced on iridium spark plugs which reaches 0.545 kg/hour at 5000 rpm engine speed, while the highest fuel consumption on platinum spark plugs reaches 0.700 kg/hour at 9000 rpm engine speed.