splice site sequence
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

22
(FIVE YEARS 2)

H-INDEX

10
(FIVE YEARS 0)

Diagnostics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Luke Mansard ◽  
Christel Vaché ◽  
Julie Bianchi ◽  
Corinne Baudoin ◽  
Isabelle Perthus ◽  
...  

GSDME, also known as DFNA5, is a gene implicated in autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL), affecting, at first, the high frequencies with a subsequent progression over all frequencies. To date, all the GSDME pathogenic variants associated with deafness lead to skipping of exon 8. In two families with apparent ADNSHL, massively parallel sequencing (MPS) integrating a coverage-based method for detection of copy number variations (CNVs) was applied, and it identified the first two causal GSDME structural variants affecting exon 8. The deleterious impact of the c.991-60_1095del variant, which includes the acceptor splice site sequence of exon 8, was confirmed by the study of the proband’s transcripts. The second mutational event is a complex rearrangement that deletes almost all of the exon 8 sequence. This study increases the mutational spectrum of the GSDME gene and highlights the crucial importance of MPS data for the detection of GSDME exon 8 deletions, even though the identification of a causal single-exon CNV by MPS analysis is still challenging.


2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (19) ◽  
pp. 10327-10339
Author(s):  
Nan-Ying Wu ◽  
Soo-Chen Cheng

Abstract The essential splicing factor Cwc24 contains a zinc-finger (ZF) domain required for its function in splicing. Cwc24 binds over the 5′ splice site after the spliceosome is activated, and its binding prior to Prp2-mediated spliceosome remodeling is important for proper interactions of U5 and U6 with the 5′ splice site sequence and selection of the 5′ splice site. Here, we show that Cwc24 transiently interacts with the 5′ splice site in formation of the functional RNA catalytic core during spliceosome remodeling, and the ZF-motif is required for specific interaction of Cwc24 with the 5′ splice site. Deletion of the ZF domain or mutation of the conserved ZF residues greatly weakened the association of Cwc24 with the spliceosome, and lowered the affinity and specificity of its interaction with the 5′ splice site, resulting in atypical interactions of U5, U6 and Prp8 with the 5′ splice site, and aberrant cleavage at the 5′ splice site. Our results reveal a crucial role of the Cwc24 ZF-motif for defining 5′ splice site selection in the first splicing step.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghee Cho ◽  
Heegyum Moon ◽  
Tiing Jen Loh ◽  
Hyun Kyung Oh ◽  
Hey-Ran Kim ◽  
...  

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a human genetic disease which occurs because of the deletion or mutation of SMN1 gene. SMN1 gene encodes the SMN protein which plays a key role in spliceosome assembly. Although human patients contain SMN2, a duplicate of SMN1, splicing of SMN2 produces predominantly exon 7 skipped isoform. In order to understand the functions of splice site sequences on exon 7 and 8, we analyzed the effects of conserved splice site sequences on exon 7 skipping of SMN2 and SMN1 pre-mRNA. We show here that conserved 5′ splice site sequence of exon 7 promoted splicing of nearby exons and subsequently reduced splicing of distant exons. However, to our surprise, conserved 3′ splice site sequence of exon 7 and 8 did not promote splicing of nearby exons. By contrast, the mutation inhibited splicing of nearby exons and subsequently promoted splicing of distant exons. Our study shows that 3′ splice sites of exon 7 and 8 contain enhancer for their splice site selection, in addition to providing cleavage sites.


Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (22) ◽  
pp. 5794-5798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejian Zhang ◽  
Michael B. Jordan ◽  
Rebecca A. Marsh ◽  
Judith A. Johnson ◽  
Diane Kissell ◽  
...  

Abstract Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by defects in cell-mediated cytotoxicity that results in fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and cytopenias. Familial HLH is well recognized in children but rarely diagnosed in adults. We conducted a retrospective review of genetic and immunologic test results in patients who developed HLH in adulthood. Included in our study were 1531 patients with a clinical diagnosis of HLH; 175 patients were 18 years or older. Missense and splice-site sequence variants in PRF1, MUNC13-4, and STXBP2 were found in 25 (14%) of the adult patients. The A91V-PRF1 genotype was found in 12 of these patients (48%). The preponderance of hypomorphic mutations in familial HLH–causing genes correlates with the later-onset clinical symptoms and the more indolent course in adult patients. We conclude that late-onset familial HLH occurs more commonly than was suspected previously.


2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (19) ◽  
pp. 9634-9640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy E. Wilusz ◽  
Karen L. Beemon

ABSTRACT The Rous sarcoma virus gag gene contains a cis-acting negative regulator of splicing (NRS) element that is implicated in viral polyadenylation regulation. To study the mechanism of polyadenylation promotion at the viral poly(A) site located over 8 kb downstream, we performed in vitro polyadenylation analysis. RNA containing only the poly(A) site and flanking sequences in the 3′ long terminal repeat (LTR) was not polyadenylated detectably in vitro; however, if the transcript contained the NRS upstream of the LTR, polyadenylation was observed. Insertion of the viral env 3′ splice site sequence between the NRS and the LTR did not alter the level of polyadenylation appreciably. We conclude that the NRS promotes polyadenylation in vitro and can do so without formation of a splicing complex with a 3′ splice site. We then explored the roles of several cellular factors in NRS-mediated polyadenylation. Mutation of the binding sites of U1 and U11 snRNPs to the NRS did not affect polyadenylation, whereas hnRNP H strongly inhibited polyadenylation. We propose a model in which hnRNP H and SR proteins compete for binding to the NRS. Bound SR proteins may bridge between the NRS and the 3′ LTR and aid in the recruitment of the 3′-end processing machinery.


2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 4397-4405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith E. Giles ◽  
Karen L. Beemon

ABSTRACT Retroviral replication requires both spliced and unspliced mRNAs. Splicing suppression of avian retroviral RNA depends in part upon a cis-acting element within the gag gene called the negative regulator of splicing (NRS). The NRS, linked to a downstream intron and exon (NRS-Ad3′), was not capable of splicing in vitro. However, a double-point mutation in the NRS pseudo-5′ splice site sequence converted it into a functional 5′ splice site. The wild-type (WT) NRS-Ad3′ transcript assembled an ∼50S spliceosome-like complex in vitro; its sedimentation rate was similar to that of a functional spliceosome formed on the mutant NRS-Ad3′ RNA. The five major spliceosomal snRNPs were observed in both complexes by affinity selection. In addition, U11 snRNP was present only in the WT NRS-Ad3′ complex. Addition of heparin to these complexes destabilized the WT NRS-Ad3′ complex; it was incapable of forming a B complex on a native gel. Furthermore, the U5 snRNP protein, hPrp8, did not cross-link to the NRS pseudo-5′ splice site, suggesting that the tri-snRNP complex was not properly associated with it. We propose that this aberrant, stalled spliceosome, containing U1, U2, and U11 snRNPs and a loosely associated tri-snRNP, sequesters the 3′ splice site and prevents its interaction with the authentic 5′ splice site upstream of the NRS.


2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rice ◽  
William Gladstone ◽  
Michael Weir

We discuss how relational databases constitute an ideal framework for representing and analyzing large-scale genomic data sets in biology. As a case study, we describe a Drosophila splice-site database that we recently developed at Wesleyan University for use in research and teaching. The database stores data about splice sites computed by a custom algorithm using Drosophila cDNA transcripts and genomic DNA and supports a set of procedures for analyzing splice-site sequence space. A generic Web interface permits the execution of the procedures with a variety of parameter settings and also supports custom structured query language queries. Moreover, new analytical procedures can be added by updating special metatables in the database without altering the Web interface. The database provides a powerful setting for students to develop informatic thinking skills.


2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 3442-3455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadar Malca ◽  
Noam Shomron ◽  
Gil Ast

ABSTRACT Recognition of the 5′ splice site is an important step in mRNA splicing. To examine whether U1 approaches the 5′ splice site as a solitary snRNP or as part of a multi-snRNP complex, we used a simplified in vitro system in which a short RNA containing the 5′ splice site sequence served as a substrate in a binding reaction. This system allowed us to study the interactions of the snRNPs with the 5′ splice site without the effect of other cis-regulatory elements of precursor mRNA. We found that in HeLa cell nuclear extracts, five spliceosomal snRNPs form a complex that specifically binds the 5′ splice site through base pairing with the 5′ end of U1. This system can accommodate RNA-RNA rearrangements in which U5 replaces U1 binding to the 5′ splice site, a process that occurs naturally during the splicing reaction. The complex in which U1 and the 5′ splice site are base paired sediments in the 200S fraction of a glycerol gradient together with all five spliceosomal snRNPs. This fraction is functional in mRNA spliceosome assembly when supplemented with soluble nuclear proteins. The results argue that U1 can bind the 5′ splice site in a mammalian preassembled penta-snRNP complex.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document