A CASE REPORT OF APLASIA CUTIS CONGENITA TYPE VI: BART'S SYNDROME

Aplasia cutis congenita type VI (Barts syndrome), is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital localized absence of skin, formation of blisters (epidermolysisbullosa), and nail abnormalities. In this report, we present a rare case of aplasia cutis congenita type VI (Barts syndrome) in a newborn malebaby with the absence of a skin layer over the anterior right leg, slightly below the patella (kneecap) and around the ankle joint.On the second day, the affected areas developed blisters characterizing epidermolysisbullosa.Laboratory investigationswere all normal. The patients wound was managed conservatively with dressing and topical antibiotic ointments.

Structural characterization of human peptidyl-arginine deiminase type III by X-ray crystallography

The Ca2+-dependent enzyme peptidyl-arginine deiminase type III (PAD3) catalyses the deimination of arginine residues to form citrulline residues in proteins such as keratin, filaggrin and trichohyalin. This is an important post-translation modification that is required for normal hair and skin formation in follicles and keratocytes. The structure of apo human PAD3 was determined by X-ray crystallography to a resolution of 2.8 Å. The structure of PAD3 revealed a similar overall architecture to other PAD isoforms: the N-terminal and middle domains of PAD3 show sequence and structural variety, whereas the sequence and structure of the C-terminal catalytic domain is highly conserved. Structural analysis indicates that PAD3 is a dimer in solution, as is also the case for the PAD2 and PAD4 isoforms but not the PAD1 isoform.

Peridermal fruit skin formation in Actinidia sp. (kiwifruit) is associated with genetic loci controlling russeting and cuticle formation

Background The skin (exocarp) of fleshy fruit is hugely diverse across species. Most fruit types have a live epidermal skin covered by a layer of cuticle made up of cutin while a few create an outermost layer of dead cells (peridermal layer). Results In this study we undertook crosses between epidermal and peridermal skinned kiwifruit, and showed that epidermal skin is a semi-dominant trait. Furthermore, backcrossing these epidermal skinned hybrids to a peridermal skinned fruit created a diverse range of phenotypes ranging from epidermal skinned fruit, through fruit with varying degrees of patches of periderm (russeting), to fruit with a complete periderm. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of this population suggested that periderm formation was associated with four loci. These QTLs were aligned either to ones associated with russet formation on chromosome 19 and 24, or cuticle integrity and coverage located on chromosomes 3, 11 and 24. Conclusion From the segregation of skin type and QTL analysis, it appears that skin development in kiwifruit is controlled by two competing factors, cuticle strength and propensity to russet. A strong cuticle will inhibit russeting while a strong propensity to russet can create a continuous dead skinned periderm.

DYNAMICS OF RAT SKIN FORMATION DURING THE TRANSITION FROM PRENATAL TO EARLY POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS

The peculiarities of the skin formation as an organ are the basic knowledge for studying the aging and regeneration process. During studying this issue it is necessary to take into account the exogenous factors affecting the skin, which, in turn, is a "barrier organ". The study was carried out on the skin of male Wistar rats in the late prenatal and early postnatal periods. At the initial stages of its formation, the skin undergoes its morphofunctional changes such as thickening of the epidermis and the appearance of the stratum corneum, as well as thickening of the dermis and changes in the collagen fibers shape that make up its structure. The formation of the skin as a full-fledged "barrier organ" occurs in early postnatal ontogenesis.

SUBCUTANEOUS INTRALESIONAL INJECTION OF KSHARODHAKA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF WARTS - A CASE STUDY

Warts are benign epithelial hyperplasia manifesting mostly due to infection with human papilloma virus (HPV). The condition may affect the patient with or without pain, itching etc. Wart can became a stressful cosmetic problem. The references of Charmakeela in Kshudraroga adhikara in the Ayurvedic classics have a very close clinical proximity with warts. Kshara is one among the treatment choice for Charmakeela and used in Pratisaraneeya kshara form. Subcutaneous intralesional injection is one among the upgraded modalities of Pratisaraneeya ksharakarma. Kshara used as Ksharodhaka for this procedure. A 24 years old female patient with a common wart over the thumb visited the Salyatantra OPD, Govt. Ayurveda College Hospital Tripuithura in June 2019. The lesion was painless and without itching and was developed within a period of one month. The patient was undertaken for subcutaneous intralesional injection of Aragwadha ksharodhaka following proper lab investigations. The patient did not developed any adverse reactions or pain during the procedure. It was observed that, the wart shed off within a period of 7 days. There was no visible ulceration over the site of wart and healing happened leaving a minimum scar. Also there was visible healthy skin formation.

Solid Fraction Examination at Flow Cessation and Flow Cessation Mechanism of Al-Si-Mg Alloy

The aim of this study is to experimentally determine the solid fraction at the cessation of the flow of a molten Al-Si-Mg alloy (JIS-AC4CH) ceases. In this study, an experimental apparatus to measure the melt temperature during flow was developed and was used to perform highly accurate temperature measurements. An immersion-type optical-fiber radiation thermometer without emissivity correction was used for the temperature measurement device in this apparatus. The solid fraction was calculated from the area of primary crystals when the molten metal at any temperature was quenched. The melt temperature at flow cessation was higher than the eutectic reaction temperature, and the solid fraction in the melt front was approximately 0.2. However, the maximum solid fraction was found at a position slightly away from the melt front toward the pouring gate, and was approximately 0.3. It was inferred for this Al-Si-Mg alloy, that the flow cessation mechanism was a mixture of skin formation and mushy formation types.