Production and Marketing Problems Faced by Dry Grape Producers of Karnataka

The study was an “ex post-facto” research carried out in Vijayapura district of KarnatakaState during the year 2020-21. Two taluks were purposively selected based on the highestproduction of dry grapes to make a sample size of 200. The collected problems wereanalyzed using Garret’s ranking methodology to develop a quantitative position of eachproblem. The findings showed that dry grape producers faced production and marketingproblems more severely. Among the production problems, heavy investment on inputs,no standard package of practices available from agriculture or horticulture universities andhigh rate of interest were prominent. Similarly, in the case of marketing problems, no localmarket and lack of processing and storage units were ranked at top. There is an immediateneed to improve various marketing practices by developing a strategy in order to overcomethese impediments which will enhance the entrepreneurial access of the dry grape producers.

Novel In-Line Inspection Tool for Deposit Characterization in Pipelines

Deposition formation inside pipelines is a major and growing problem in the oil and gas industry. The optimal use of prevention and remediation tools such as chemical inhibitors and cleaning processes could lead to major savings due to minimized production problems and optimized pipe cleaning costs. This requires characterization and quantification of the actual deposits inside pipelines and downholes. Recently, a novel deposition inline inspection sensor moving inside the pipeline has been proposed based on "inside-out" electrical tomography. In this sensor, the distribution of electrical properties between the sensor and the pipe wall are estimated based on measurements carried out using electrodes around the sensor. In this study, the next generation sensor moving inside the pipeline is described and a deep neural network based approach to deposit estimation is introduced. Test results from a 70 m long semi-industrial scale flow loop containing paraffin wax and calcium carbonate deposits of different thicknesses are shown. Challenges include the changing position and orientation of the sensor during the low. The results show that the sensor is able to measure both deposit thickness and type with good accuracy which indicates that the sensor is suitable for industrial use. Accurate knowledge about deposits allows future blockage prevention, detecting build-up locations in the early phase, increasing accuracy of multi-phase flow and deposition models, optimization of chemical use and validation of deposit cleaning tools before integrity campaigns leading to overall reduced pipeline operation costs.

FOREST ASSESSMENT AND ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE

Forestry in Russia is experiencing a great need for digital technologies that can form and generalize existing databases. All participants are interested in the development of digital technologies in forest management, from the end user of forest resources to public authorities in the field of forest relations. At the same time, the modern level of forestry software requires modernization to solve specific problems. The team of the Department of Forestry, Forest Inventory and Forest Inventory of VGFTU has developed a number of automated systems that allow to quickly solve scientific and production problems in the field of forestry, ecology and nature management. The importance and relevance of this work is reflected in the “Strategy for the development of the forestry complex of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030”.The modularity and scalability of such systems allows the authors to quickly make adjustments to their source code, which allows keeping the software up to date, which meets the modern requirements of the legal framework of the forestry sector.

A mathematical model for the formation of the pricing policy and the plan of the production and transport system in a timber-processing enterprise

The formation of supply chains for raw materials is closely related to production problems involving the determination of prices for sold goods. The question often arises about the need to study the sources of raw materials and the methodology for pricing the goods produced, taking into account a large number of external aspects of the market. Often, only particular approaches to solving production problems are considered in the literature, and methods for solving the complex problem of forming supply chains for raw materials and pricing are poorly developed. This paper presents a mathematical model that makes it possible to assess the feasibility of interaction between a timber industry enterprise and a commodity exchange, with the daily formation of a price vector over the entire planning horizon. A two-stage algorithm for finding a suboptimal solution is considered, which at the first stage is based on linear optimization, and at the second, on gradient descent with the use of penalty functions. The model was tested on the data of the commodity and raw materials exchange of Russia and one of the enterprises of the Primorsky Territory. The result of testing was the volume of production of each type of product over the entire planning horizon, the volume of delivery of raw materials from regions to enterprises, as well as the methods of delivery of goods to the consumer and the policy of pricing. It is shown that almost all goods should increase in price due to a reduction in the excess volume of applications (demand) over the entire planning horizon, with the exception of two types of products. It is noted that the exchange can provide the necessary volume of raw materials for high-capacity production, which demonstrates the possibility, if necessary, to increase the volume of raw materials purchases. It is shown which goods will be included in the release plan more often than others when optimizing the price vector. The ways of delivery of final types of products are analyzed. The disadvantages and advantages of the mathematical model and algorithm are presented.

KINERJA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

The study was intended to analyze the position of the agricultural sector in the East Java Province of the covid-19 pandemic by determining the position of the agricultural sector at the time before the covid-19 pandemic and the covid-19 pandemic and identifying the factors that determined how the agriculture sector was performing. The collection of data on this study is secondary data obtained from the Statistical Center and the Indonesian Bank. The method of data analysis used is the Location Quotient analysis (LQ) and the Shift Share. This examination proposes that the situation of the agricultural sector at the time before the covid-19 pandemic was a non-base sector with an LQ value of 0,77. This occurs due to the conversion of agricultural land that is less in favor of the agricultural side even though East Java is one of the areas that has the largest agricultural production. At the time of the covid-19, the performance of the agricultural sector in East Java Province is a non-base sector with an LQ value of 0,79. This happened because of the Covid-19 pandemic which affected food security due to an unsupportive situation and prone to production problems. The rise in the value of LQ is expected to be better for agriculture sector performance. The factor that determines the performance of the agricultural sector is a factor of economic structure with a value of SSS greater than LSS.

Problems of preparation for educational design of students of institutions of higher art education

In modern conditions of production development, the requirements for a young specialist in the field of higher art education are growing. The main task of higher art education is to train a competitive, mobile specialist who has a readiness for self-education throughout his life. When preparing a specialist in higher art education, it is necessary to form in him such knowledge, abilities and skills that will allow him to solve non-standard production problems, use modern technologies, independently analyze the results of his activities, and draw conclusions. Thus, a graduate of institutions of higher art education must be ready to work actively in a changing environment. Teaching focused only on memorizing the material can no longer meet modern requirements. The problem of the formation of such qualities of attention, memory and thinking that allows the student to independently assimilate information, is constantly updated, as well as the development of such abilities and skills, which, preserved even after completing education, would provide him with the opportunity to keep up with the accelerated scientific technical progress. One of the problems of modern education is that graduates experience some difficulties in applying theoretical knowledge in practice. The ability to apply the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in professional activities cannot appear by itself, for this you need to teach. To solve this problem, it is necessary to introduce the educational design teaching method into the educational process, which today has its own characteristics and problems.

The Effect of Giving Croton Leaf Crude Extract (Codiaeum variegatum) as an Alternative to The Antibacterial of Edwardsiella tarda in Vitro

Production problems related to aquaculture cannot be separated from diseases that can cause death in fish. Efforts to overcome the bacterial disease Edwardsiella tarda can be done by using natural materials such as the leaves of croton (Codiaeum variegatum). This study aimed to analyze the content of active compounds contained in croton leaf extract which is antibacterial against E. tarda bacteria. Inhibition test was performed by dilution method Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC test) and agar diffusion (disc test). The MIC test used five concentrations: 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L, and 1000 mg/L on Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) media, while the disc test used five doses of croton leaf extract, namely: A (100 mg/L), B ( 200 mg/L), C (300 mg/L), D (400 mg/L) and E (500 mg/L), 2 controls (positive and negative), and three replications on Tryptone Soy Agar (TSA) media and incubated for 2x24 h. The positive control used chloramphenicol (5 mg/L) antibiotic. Croton leaf extract contains several compounds, namely saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and polyphenols, which are antibacterial and could kill the test bacteria with the highest average inhibition zone results obtained at a dose of E (500 mg/L) of 6.34 mm, while the lowest results were obtained at dose A (100 mg/L) of 3.12 mm.

(Mis) perception of consonant clusters and short vowels in English as a foreign language

Research addressing second language (L2) speech is expanding. Studies increasingly demonstrate that a learner’s first language (L1) filters the L2 input, resulting in learners misperceiving what they have heard. This L1 filter can result in learners perceiving sounds not actually present in the input. We report on a study which explored English consonant clusters and short, unstressed vowel perception of 70 Arabic-, Mandarin-, Spanish-speaking foreign language learners and 19 native English speakers. These are the vowels which speakers from two of the L1s typically insert in their production of English to break up L1-disallowed consonant clusters and the schwa which is documented to cause both perception and production problems. Results show that participants misperceive stimuli containing consonant clusters and counterparts where clusters are broken up by epenthetic/prothetic elements. In line with Sakai, Mari & Colleen Moorman 2018. We call for the inclusion of such findings on perception in pedagogical advice on pronunciation.

Imperatives for Implementing Gas-Lifting for Fields with Sand Control: OT Field Experience

Unconsolidated sandstone formations are normally completed with one form of sand control or the other. The aim is to manage sand production as low as reasonably practicable and protect well and surface equipment from possible loss of containment. There are about 8 broad types of sand control namely; internal gravel pack, external gravel pack, chemical sand consolidation (SCON), open-hole expandable sand screen, cased-hole expandable sand screen, stand-alone screen, pre-packed screen and frac & pack. Gas-lifting targets to increase pressure drawdown required for wells to produce by injecting gas at a pre-determined depth using gas-lift valves installed in the tubing. Whereas gas-lift design targets to optimize the gas-lift injection to ensure stable production, the associated drawdown may challenge the operating envelope of the sand control mechanism in place. The OT field has been in production for about 50 years and has been on gas-lift for about 20 years. There have also been occasional sand production problems in the field; some of which occur in gas-lifted wells. This paper will highlight the outcome of a study that investigated the performance of various sand control mechanisms under gas-lift production and present observed trends to serve as guide in maximizing the performance of such gas-lifted wells with sand control mechanism.

Innovation by Increasing Ideality – A New Method for Overcoming Process Related Problems

Purpose: In production, problems that are difficult to solve could occur. When a classic problem-solving toolset is not enough, a company must accept not fully satisfying solutions or secondary problems. This paper proposes a new method called Innovation by Increasing Ideality (3I), which helps to resolve difficult problems in production. Methodology/Approach: Based on a previous literature review a new method was designed. The method leads the solver by a set of steps that lead to a well-described problem, with many ideas or ways, where the solver should search for a satisfying solution. The method is based on TRIZ principles, but it is user-friendly even for users who are not TRIZ specialists but have only basic knowledge of TRIZ principles and its tools. The method is demonstrated in a case study, where a problem with the transportation of parts is successfully solved. Findings: Newly proposed method, compared with the traditional way of resolving a problem, got a much better solution in a shorter time. Research Limitation/Implication: Only one example of use. There is a need for more applications in future. Originality/Value of paper: The paper describes a new method for overcoming difficult problems in production. The method uses TRIZ principles to innovate the process where the problem is. The presented method can serve as a new powerful tool for industrial engineers in practice.