Border Security in Modern Customs Administration as an Organisational and Managerial Principle (US Case)

The article attempts to complex, systemic consideration of border management mechanisms. This question is analyzed by the author from the point of view of various research approaches for a comprehensive study of the organizational and functional nature of this phenomenon. The text gives the most pressing reasons for the transformation of border management processes in the modern world, as well as some significant threats and challenges to collective security in the global economy. The author focuses on North American management experience, as North American countries today demonstrate the highest productivity and innovation in border management and trade security. As the main conclusion of the article, we can cite the thesis that the necessary condition for effective border management in the modern world is interstate cooperation and international cooperation of administrative institutions and commercial organizations.

The Impact of Size on the Performance of Transnational Corporations Operating in the Textile Industry in Portugal during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The aim of this work is to understand the impact of size on the performance of transnational corporations (TNCs) operating in the textile and clothing industry in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, we used ORBIS data for the period 2019–2020 and narrative, financial and correlation analyses to assess the performance of five companies. Thus far, the impact of company size on the competitiveness of Portuguese textile affiliates during the pandemic has remained unexplored. The results show that smaller firms performed better than larger ones, likely due to the higher fixed costs of the latter at times when orders declined worldwide. Our analysis suggests that there are some characteristics of TNCs that matter in explaining company-level performance during crises, such as management experience and flexibility. Furthermore, as Portugal is a major European textile exporter, it is useful for the host country to assess the economic sustainability of its foreign investors. The results provide some policy recommendations regarding the promotion of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Portugal.

Managing the Current Risks of Companies

The taxation power of governments affects companies' business activities. For this reason, the legal limit of tax law must be known by taxpayers. Uncertainty, frequent changes, and interpretation differences in the tax field and reporting reveal tax risks. Today, companies, especially large ones, accept tax risk as a part of the risk management process. Focusing on tax risk management, this chapter presents the discussions on various definitions of tax risk and on the tax risk categories, factors that affect tax risk. The applicability of tax risk management is evaluated from the following perspectives in the chapter: empirical analyses conducted in different countries, tax control framework, and tax risk management practice in various countries. As a result, tax risks are manageable with the support of cooperative compliance models of revenue administrations in countries, the necessity of corporate governance principles, the situation of legal regulations, and the increasing risk management experience of especially large companies.

The Fluid Management Experience in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study

Background: Fluid management can reduce mortality, severe comorbidities, and debilitating symptoms in patients on hemodialysis. Therefore, a restricted fluid intake plan is crucial for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Little evidence has been found to date on exploring the experience in fluid management of CKD patients in Indonesia.Purpose: This study aimed to explore the fluid management experience of adults with chronic kidney disease participating in hemodialysis treatment in Indonesia.Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 14 adults patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary hospital in Padang between July and September 2020. Manual content analysis using the Colaizzi approach was used to identify themes.Results: Data analysis revealed four themes with 12 sub-themes. The four major themes include the challenge of thirst control, fluid/diet restriction management, inadequate information, and the support system.Conclusions: The result showed the severe suffering and sadness experienced by CKD patients who conform to fluid restrictions. It is important to provide clear information on the fluid prescription or the exact consumable amount per day. Structured education with a personal approach is recommended to ensure detailed information regarding "fluid prescribing". The support obtained from family, friends, and dialysis staff is a significant factor in promoting acceptance and adherence.

The Process of Recruitment of Managers: Formal Management Education or Management Experience?

In this paper we have analyzed 228 job announcements for the recruitment of managers within two online recruitment platforms most often used in Romania, named Ejobs and Indeed, regarding two important aspects: 1) recruitment of managers depending on management experience or formal management education and 2) recruitment of management graduates. The main objective is to describe the degree the practice of recruitment of managers takes into consideration the scientific advances in the management field and the formal management education. Through the mean of an archival data analysis research strategy, we found that for the recruitment of managers the companies asked almost exclusively for experience (91.2%). The companies in our sample almost did not require the management education. Only in ten announcements the recruiters asked for a formal management educational degree. Moreover, only half of companies asked for management experience (56.1%). Technical (39.4%), industry (25.2%) and working experience (7.7%) are the other types of experience valued by the recruiters. Most companies asked for management abilities, in addition to experience, however (e.g influence), but they did not require that these abilities to be formed during a formal educational program. The future manager only should possess these abilities acquired from somewhere. The paper aims to contribute to the academic debate regarding the criteria used by companies to hire managers. In addition, the paper has a strong practical orientation aiming at improving the recruitment practice of managers and equipping the companies and organizations with management teams with adequate managerial knowledge, abilities, and competences.

From Care Manager to Researcher: Addressing Health Disparities in Long-Term Services and Supports

Racial and socioeconomic disparities are prevalent in long-term services and supports (LTSS). There is a need for innovative research with practical application informing aging and disability policies to reduce health care disparities for older adults and people with disabilities using LTSS. This presentation will provide an overview of the career trajectory of Dr. Chanee Fabius, whose research agenda is informed by applied care management experience, where she helped older adults remain at home and delay the need for nursing home care. She will also present findings from work that (1) examines networks of care used by older adults (e.g., paid care and/or support from family and unpaid caregivers) and how they vary by race and socioeconomic status and (2) describes the effect of LTSS utilization on quality of life and health service utilization across diverse groups of older adults.

Two Cases of Leigh Syndrome in One Family: Diagnostic Challenges and Clinical Management Experience in Latvia

Leigh syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder with an incidence of 1 : 40,000 live births. The clinical presentation of LS is highly variable with heterogeneity in the disease-associated symptoms of cerebellar, motor, and extrapyramidal dysfunction and common infections. There is no effective treatment for this condition; as such, the prognosis of this condition is very poor with death occurring within the first few years of life. In this study, we report the first LS case in Latvia with SURF1 pathogenic variants in two siblings. The difficulties encountered establishing a diagnosis for the first proband and the effective prenatal diagnosis for the second offspring that led to termination of the pregnancy are discussed.