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2022 ◽  
pp. 663-680
Author(s):  
Maren Junker ◽  
Markus Böhm ◽  
Frederik Edwards ◽  
Helmut Krcmar

Workplace health promotion (WHP) needs be adjusted to the new ways of working and improved in terms of participation rates. As mobile applications (apps) have proved to be effective in various health areas, it might also be a solution for WHP. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the requirements employees would have on such an app for WHP. Therefore, 29 semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees and experts of an IT company. Most employees were rather positive about such an app. Concerns were stated in terms of added value and data security. Variations were found in preferred functionalities. Apps might thus be effective for WHP but would need to add value compared to apps available for private usage. Additionally, clear communication about data privacy would be expected.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Bühler ◽  
Gerd-Dieter Willmund

Background: With the purpose of preventing SARS-Cov-2 traveling with the troops, pre-deployment and post-deployment quarantine are mandatory for the German military. This study investigates which factors could be addressed in order to facilitate adherence and mental health during isolation.Method: Six hundred three soldiers completed questionnaires at the beginning and at the end of pre-deployment quarantine: Mini-SCL (BSI), Perceived Social Support (FSozU-K22), Unit Cohesion, Military Quarantine Adherence Questionnaire (MQAQ), and quarantine-associated factors including informedness about Covid-19, perceived individual risk, benefit of quarantine, clarity of quarantine protocol, need of intimacy, social norms, stigma, practicality of the quarantine, financial disadvantages, boredom, and health promoting leadership.Results: Using stepwise regression analyses, up to 57% of the quarantine adherence was explained by social norms, boredom, perceived benefit/effectiveness of the quarantine, clear communication of the quarantine protocol and perceived risk of an infection, with social norms explaining 43%. In respect to mental health (Mini-SCL) at the beginning of quarantine, only 15% is explained by being in a partnership, (un)fulfilled need for bonding/intimacy, perceived unit cohesion, and perceived social support. Up to 20 % of the variance in mental health at the end of quarantine is explained by accumulated days of isolation before pre-deployment quarantine, age, clear communication of the quarantine protocol, perceived social support, fulfilled need for bonding/intimacy and perceived stigma. Mental health and quarantine adherence did correlate significantly, but to a slight extent. No differences between the beginning and the end of pre-deployment quarantine were found for the overall group in respect to mental health, quarantine adherence, perceived social support and perceived unit cohesion, while their trajectories differed for different subgroups including age, gender, rank, and accumulated days of quarantine: With increasing accumulated days of isolation prior to pre-deployment quarantine, mental health declined over the course of quarantine, though to a small degree.Conclusion: Findings suggest that addressing the norms of fellow soldiers and dependents alike could contribute to quarantine adherence in pre-deployment quarantine. Ongoing research should examine long-term effects on mental health, including these of accumulated days of quarantine, also taking into account post-deployment quarantine.


2021 ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
A. Malyadri ◽  
G. S. C. N. V Prasad ◽  
P. V. Susheel Kumar ◽  
MD Sameer ◽  
D. Yuva Anvesh

The importance of leadership cannot be overstated in an environment where the goal is that every person will achieve at high levels. In effective educational environment, leadership capacity is developed and supported at every level. The issue of leadership styles has recently attracted the attention of the general public and people are exerting energies into research to nd its courses and effects. Excellence can be imparted only when an individual adopts the policies with consistent and clear communication collaboratively and helping to set up a framework to achieve goals which are specic, measurable, attainable, relevant and time bound. Also, the excellence involves the practice of planning, evaluation, coordination and improvement of self which is a never ending process in leadership. Primarily the study was to assess the effective practices of leadership that shall enhance the quality of excellence. The present article highlights the aims and objectives, methodology, leadership styles, limitations and conclusions with better practices and innovative strategies for excellence in leadership.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wright ◽  
Mohammad Hosseini

A review of recent published and grey literature revealed that practices in the preprint landscape are currently very varied, particularly regarding the “permanence” of preprints. The rapid increase of preprints during the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened concerns that the lack of transparency and clear communication about the status of preprints fuels misinformation and misunderstanding, puts public health at risk and might erode society’s trust in science. Through the current proposal, we seek to ameliorate one challenging aspect of using preprints - namely, their withdrawals - through introducing a transferrable, informative, interoperable, and transparent preprint withdrawal template. This template is currently being piloted on the Cambridge Open Engage platform.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Marsden ◽  
Julie M. Porter ◽  
IK. Robertson

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe deleterious effects relating to the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers has now been widely established. Understanding how COVID-19 affects their work and life is complex and multidimensional. This longitudinal study describes the critical stressors and how they manifest within both the work and larger social environment for nurses and midwives in Tasmania, Australia.MethodsThis longitudinal, descriptive survey explores the trajectory of the psychological health of Tasmanian public sector nurses and midwives during the COIVD-19 pandemic. The survey was distributed at 3 timepoints over a 12-month period and consisted of a battery of psychological tests which included the Patient Health Questionnaire, General Anxiety Disorder, Insomnia Severity Index, and the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, together with free text comments.AnalysisThe associations between outcome and predictor variables were assessed using mixed effects linear regression and linear mixed model analyses. Free text comments were themed.ResultsHigh levels of stress and mental exhaustion were attributed to threatened workplace team culture; compromised quality of patient care; the impact on family, home, financial and economic domains; lack of clear communication; issues surrounding personal protective equipment; and female gender. Study data show younger nurses and midwives suffered higher levels of stress and mental exhaustion than older.ConclusionThis study highlights the need for stable and functional relationships at home and at work for nurses and midwives.Factors which will help preserve the mental health of nurses and midwives include strong workplace culture with ongoing processes to monitor organisational burnout; building resilience, particularly among younger nurses and midwives; protection of healthcare worker safety; clear communication processes and supporting stable and functional relationships at home. The health service has an imperative to ensure optimum service delivery by safeguarding staff, despite the inevitable health stress imposed by the nature of the work.


Author(s):  
Theresa M. Anderson ◽  
Kayla Secrest ◽  
Sarah L. Krein ◽  
Richard Schildhouse ◽  
Timothy C. Guetterman ◽  
...  

Background: Survival outcomes following in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) vary significantly across hospitals. Research suggests clinician education and training may play a role. We sought to identify best practices related to the education and training of resuscitation teams. Methods: We conducted a descriptive qualitative analysis of semi-structured interview data obtained from in-depth site visits conducted from 2016-2017 at 9 diverse hospitals within the American Heart Association "Get With The Guidelines" registry, selected based on IHCA survival performance (5 top-, 1 middle-, 3 low-performing). We assessed coded data related to education and training including systems learning, informal feedback and debrief, and formal learning through ACLS and mock codes. Thematic analysis was used to identify best practices. Results: In total, 129 interviews were conducted with a variety of hospital staff including nurses, chaplains, security guards, respiratory therapists, physicians, pharmacists, and administrators, yielding 78 hours and 29 minutes of interview time. Four themes related to training and education were identified: engagement, clear communication, consistency, and responsive leadership. Top-performing hospitals encouraged employee engagement with creative marketing of new programs and prioritizing hands-on learning over passive didactics. Clear communication was accomplished with debriefing, structured institutional review, and continual, frequent education for departments. Consistency was a cornerstone to culture change and was achieved with uniform policies for simulation practice as well as reinforced, routine practice (weekly, monthly, quarterly). Finally, top-performing hospitals had responsive leadership teams across multiple disciplines (nursing, respiratory therapy, pharmacy and medicine), who listened and adapted programs to fit the needs of their staff. Conclusions: Among top-performing hospitals excelling in IHCA survival, we identified core elements for education and training of resuscitation teams. Developing tools to expand these areas for hospitals may improve IHCA outcomes.


2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282110489
Author(s):  
Patricia Fronek ◽  
Lynne Briggs ◽  
Renie Rondon-Jackson ◽  
Kathryn Hay ◽  
Jane Maidment ◽  
...  

This descriptive article reports immediate responses to COVID-19 by social work field education faculty in four universities in Australia, New Zealand and the United States. Moving swiftly to online innovations, tele-supervision, teaching remote practice methods, and establishing alternative placements allowed students to meet required competencies while supporting students during the immediate crisis. Collaboration between field education faculty teams, professional bodies and agencies and clear communication with students and supervisors enabled all stakeholders to be open to flexible placement options. To conclude, COVID-19 brought opportunities to reflect on responses and explore new possibilities for field education in a post-COVID-19 world.


Author(s):  
Naomi Eichorn ◽  
Sidney Donnan

Purpose Disfluencies associated with stuttering generally occur in the initial position of words. This study reviews data from a school-age child with an atypical stuttering profile consisting predominantly of word-final disfluencies (WFDs). Our primary goals were to identify patterns in overt features of WFDs and to extend our understanding of this clinical profile by focusing on aspects of stuttering that lie beneath the surface. Method Analyses explored the patterns and distributions of the child's observable stuttering behaviors, in addition to his awareness, perceptions, and subjective experience of stuttering. Results Findings indicated that the WFD profile consists of relatively consistent and distinct overt features. We also found that, in many ways, the child perceived the impact of his disfluencies much like other children who stutter, even though his disfluencies manifested in a less common form. Conclusion Findings suggest the need for increased awareness of the varied forms stuttering may take in order to ensure accurate diagnosis, clear communication to clients and parents, and timely access to appropriate intervention.


CommonHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Jennifer K Ibrahim ◽  
Anne Frankel ◽  
Jamie Mansell

Innovative new teaching techniques continue to grow, but a solid grounding in the basic elements of good teaching pedagogy and clear communication is also needed. The foundation of a classroom should be a learning community in which students and instructors alike share a safe space to learn new content, engage in activities to practice with course materials and build skills, and to evaluate progress towards course learning goals. There are some instructors who were not formally trained to teach in higher education and may use the materials that were handed down to them, but not truly know how to develop their own course from the beginning. In this article, we reimagine building a better classroom through the use of infographics. The benefit of infographics is that a picture allows the instructor to interpret the image and adjust for their teaching style and the context of the course. Key elements of good teaching include course alignment, class planning, clear communication with students and collaboration between the instructor and students. Moreover, Covid-19 has heightened awareness of the need for instructors to consider the individual student and ensure that they are set up for success in the context of the class and being a student more generally. We showcase a set of six infographics to demonstrate the use of this medium to develop a successful and enjoyable course and discuss the ways in which the infographics can guide development of an evidence-based teaching approach. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Nomura ◽  
Aya Goto ◽  
Eri Osawa ◽  
Hiroko Miura

Objective: Various types of handbooks that summarize and record health information (health handbooks) have been used in Japan for many years. The purpose of this study was to explore ways to evaluate the understandability and usability of commonly used printed health handbooks in Japan.Methods: An internet search was performed to identify health handbooks used in Japan. The handbooks were then collected, searched, and evaluated for the quality and functionality of the health-information. The overall understandability was assessed using the Suitability Assessment of Material (SAM) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clear Communication Index (CCI), and overall usability was assessed using a purpose-user matrix.Results: A total of 14 health handbooks were extracted and analyzed. The median scores for SAM and CCI were 39 (min 25, max 45) and 81.5% (60%, 100%), respectively, and no significant association was observed between the two evaluation scores. Based on the matrix, the most common type of handbook was those designed for preventive purposes that the user or their family completed (n = 9).Conclusion: Our sampled health handbooks were used mostly for preventive purposes and their understandability varied. SAM and CCI assess different aspects of written materials and it is recommended they be used together when evaluating the understandability of health handbooks. To facilitate more effective use of health handbooks in public health activities, we suggest the content of handbooks be assessed by a purpose-user matrix.


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