Nigerian youth, politics and the demand for τολμηρήηγεσία: A study on I Timothy 4:11–12

One possible meaning of the Greek word τολμηρήηγεσία (bold leadership) among the ancient Greeks was bravery and astuteness in managing human and natural resources. In this study, it is used in the context of fearlessness and willingness of the Nigerian youth to take up governmental responsibilities in leadership positions, which is achievable either through demanding governmental appointments or contesting elections for political positions through a free and fair political election. With the use of exegesis and hermeneutics, this study on τολμηρήηγεσία refers to Paul’s instruction to Timothy regarding bold leadership in I Timothy 4:11–12. 1 Timothy 4:11–12 is contextually seen as a call on Nigerian youth to adopt as a prototype; young Timothy who the elderly Paul encouraged in his words, not to allow anyone, despise his youth. This is to the intent of challenging Nigerian youth to become more proactive in national politics and governance in order to help Nigeria register its presence in the competitive global technological and scientific arena.Contribution: The study tries to understand the age influence on Timothy and how Paul tried to deal with it. This enabled the study to be of use in addressing the challenges that Nigerian youth go through in order to have their voices heard in Nigerian politics and to also call on the youth to grow above timidity towards bold leadership.

Detection of Induced Activity in Social Networks: Model and Methodology

This paper examines the problem of social media special operations and especially induced support in social media during political election campaigns. The theoretical background of the paper is based on the study fake activity in social networks during pre-election processes and the existing models and methods of detection of such activity. The article proposes a methodology for identifying and diagnosing induced support for a political project. The methodology includes a model of induced activity, an algorithm for segmenting the audience of a political project, and a technique for detecting and diagnosing induced support. The proposed methodology provides identification of network combatants, participants of social media special operations, influencing public opinion in the interests of a political project. The methodology can be used to raise awareness of the electorate, the public, and civil society in general about the presence of artificial activity on the page of a political project.

Understanding of identical politics in the Indonesia local election: critical analysis of political election context literature

This paper aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the meaning of identity politics in the context of the Indonesian election through critical analysis of the scientific literature of direct elections. We believe it is essential for all citizens to understand identity politics, considering that the success of the regional elections in Indonesia is closely related to the participation of all levels of society, especially intellectuals and policymakers. So for that, the author has collected much literature, and we have studied it carefully to get a deeper understanding. We get to the literature was through an electronic search of the Google Scholar database. Furthermore, our data analysis involves a system of coding, evaluation, and interpretation under the phenomenology approach to obtain valid and reliable answers. After a series of discussion of the results, we can summarize the findings, others Identity politics is a political tool of a group such as ethnicity, ethnicity, culture, religion, or others for specific purposes, for example, as a form of resistance or as a tool to show identity. Themselves a group.

Semiotic Study in Java Community Political Disclosure in Gemolong District

Language is an arbitrary sound symbol system that used for communication/interaction. Language is used as a communication tools in the political election. Political expression in the community of Jatibatur Village, contain signs that refers to certain things. The purpose of this study is to know: 1) political disclosure used people in Jatibatur Village, Gemolong Sub-district, and 2) the meaning of political disclosure used in Jatibatur Village, Gemolong Sub-district. The research method used in this research using an interview technique, see, and note. This study is a desriptive qualitative research. The data analysis technique in this study is using the analysys of the sign by Charles Sanders Pierce. The result of this study are; 1) the existence of a Java lexicon, “abang” refers to PDI perjuangan party, 2) the existence of a Java lexicon “wit ringin” refers to Golkar’s party in Indonesian, 3) the lexicon of a “wong cilik” in Java language especially in political, is refers to a poor people ora middle or lower class of people, 4) “ojo pedhot oyot” a tagline from PDI Perjuangan party in Centra Java, means to continuewhat was been fought, and 5) “caleg kae dekengane akeh” had a meaning that he had a strong protection.

STATE IDEALISM AND THE EMERGING DEMOCRATIZATION CHALLENGES OF INDONESIA POST-POLITICAL ELECTION IN ABU NASR AL-FARABI’S PARADIGM OF QUR’ANIC EXEGESIS

Over 11 centuries, Abu Nasr al-Farabi (d. 950) is well-known as a great philosopher and political scientist. Few studies have examined al-Mu'allim al-Ṡani’s capacity as a Qur’anic interpreter. Even though Al-Farabi has never written a complete Qur’anic exegesis book, he is noticed consistently paraphrasing verses of the Qur’an into political statements to justify the interrelatedness between Islamic political thought with Ancient Greek’s one which inspired from Plato and Aristotle. This characteristic is seen in some of his masterpieces as Arāyat Ahl al-Madīnah al-Faḍīlah and al-Siyāsah al-Madīnah. This paper seeks the potential adaptation of al-Farabi's idea about the ideal society, based on his alteration of Qur’anic verses into political concepts, as an alternative to fulfill the shortfall of Indonesian democracy. The article reflects al-Farabi's thoughts in the context of democratization challenges in Indonesia post-political campaign and suggested that its practice of democration is still considered as a "green" and imperfect form. Keywords: Abu Nasr al-Farabi; madīnah al-fadhīlah al-sa’ādah, Democratization Challenges. Qur’anic Exegesis

Orientalism in Turkish Political Election Campaigns

This chapter studies the use of orientalist elements in advertisements of Turkish political parties as a reaction to the orientalist approach of the West, based on examples. It is observed that especially the right-wing parties frequently use orientalist elements in political advertisements during election periods in Turkey. These orientalist elements usually consist of large historical mosque figures and Ottoman motives. However, these orientalist elements are presented together with Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, Turkish satellites, unmanned aircraft, and modern city views to establish a connection between the past and future and show developed and contemporary aspects of Turkey. Thus, it is hinted to the West that a Muslim country taking pride in its past can also be a contemporary and developed country. The present study is focused on orientalism reflections in Turkish political election campaigns and aims to reveal orientalist elements and orientalist perspective that are common in election campaigns.

De campesinos y caciques: relaciones de poder y comportamientos políticos en la España de la Restauración (1874-1923)

En aras de restituir la experiencia histórica de un sujeto histórico anónimo por antonomasia, como es el sujeto campesino, emerge la necesidad de aproximarnos a sus comportamientos políticos; en suma, a sus respuestas individuales y colectivas ante la articulación de un sistema de poder que adquiere la forma de liberalismo oligárquico hasta la instauración del sufragio universal masculino, en 1890. Así pues, el análisis de los marcos político-electorales, en tanto que continuum de la realidad social, se presenta como eje fundamental para aprehender las complejas relaciones entre campo y ciudad, al tiempo que permite proyectar una mirada «desde abajo», hacia las clases campesinas, como «desde arriba», hacia la génesis histórica de las élites. Palabras clave: campesinado, caciquismo, relaciones de poder, sufragio, Restauración (1874-1923). Abstract For the sake of reinstating the historic experience of a historic anonymous subject par excellence, as is the peasant subject, as is the peasant subject, the need to approach his political attitude emerges; in short, his response, both individually and collectively to the articulation of a power system which comes in the shape of oligarchic liberalism until the establishment of male universal suffrage, in 1890. So, the analysis of the political-election frames, as continuum of the social reality, shows up as the fundamental axis in order to seize the complex relationships between the countryside and the cities, at the same time enabling us to take a look, both ‘from below’, at the peasant status, and ‘from the top’ to the historical genesis of the elites. Key words: peasantry, caciquism, power relations, suffrage, Restauración (1874-1923).