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Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2127
Author(s):  
Jihyun Park ◽  
Byoungju Choi ◽  
Yeonhee Kim

Various methods for memory fault detection have been developed through continuous study. However, many memory defects remain that are difficult to resolve. Memory corruption is one such defect, and can cause system crashes, making debugging important. However, the locations of the system crash and the actual source of the memory corruption often differ, which makes it difficult to solve these defects using the existing methods. In this paper, we propose a method that detects memory defects in which the location causing the defect is different from the actual location, providing useful information for debugging. This study presents a method for the real-time detection of memory defects in software based on data obtained through static and dynamic analysis. The data we used for memory defect analysis were (1) information of static global variables (data, address, size) derived through the analysis of executable binary files, and (2) dynamic memory usage information obtained by tracking memory-related functions that are called during the real-time execution of the process. We implemented the proposed method as a tool and applied it to applications running on the Linux. The results indicate the defect-detection efficacy of our tool for this application. Our method accurately detects defects with different cause and detected-fault locations, and also requires a very low overhead for fault detection.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Ferraz ◽  
Carlos Ferraz

This paper argues that the essential pieces of an enduring digital identity should be privacy, security, and convenience. Authentication should be frictionless. In this sense, the core of the digital identity of the future will be created around location sensing techniques. Incognia proposes a solution to secure and frictionless authentication for mobile apps that is composed of five steps. Its proprietary technology called environment fingerprinting can identify location spoofing and precisely determine the devices actual location. Incognia has found that most mobile logins, sensitive transactions, and purchases occur at trusted locations. To date, 90% of mobile logins and 89% of mobile banking sessions happen at a trusted location. Experimental results show false-negative rates below 0.004% and a decrease of over 85% of account takeover attacks.


2021 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Febi Ramadaniati

Motorcycles are type of vehicles with the highest accidents percentage every year. The location away from the settlement and the time of the accident is one of the factors that slow down the spread of information about accidents. This study aims to make a tool that can send such information in the form of notifications and crash site points to the victims’ families. Testing was conducted by looking at the sensor response detecting tilt on the motorcycle against the large reading angle. Furthermore, GPS module accuracy testing is conducted in reading the location by comparing GPS module readings with actual location points in Google apps Maps which is then calculated by using the Haversine Formula method up to gsm module capability testing for send SMS notifications in the form of latitude, longitude, and links that can connect to the Google Maps app. Based on the results of the trials and analyses that have been conducted, the slope sensor response area to transmit crash notification is <=50° or >=50°. After that, the GSM module will send notifications and location points detected by the GPS module with an average reading difference of 2.97 meters.


Author(s):  
Olha Ovechkina

In connection with the decision to withdraw the UK from the EU a number of companies will need to take into account that from 1 January 2021 EU law will no longer apply to the United Kingdom and will become a "third country" for EU Member States, unless the provisions of bilateral agreements or multilateral trade agreements. This means that the four European freedoms (movement of goods, services, labor and capital) will no longer apply to UK companies to the same extent as they did during the UK's EU membership. The purpose of the article is to study, first of all, the peculiarities of the influence of Great Britain's withdrawal from the European Union on the legal regulation of the status of European legal entities. Brexit results in the inability to register European companies and European economic interest groups in the UK. Such companies already registered before 01.01.2021 have the opportunity to move their place of registration to an EU Member State. These provisions are defined in Regulations 2018 (2018/1298) and Regulations 2018 (2018/1299).British companies with branches in EU Member States will now be subject to the rules applicable to third-country companies, which provide additional information on their activities. In the EU, many countries apply the criterion of actual location, which causes, among other things, the problem of non-recognition of legal entities established in the country where the criterion of incorporation is used (including the United Kingdom), at the same time as the governing bodies of such legal entities the state where the settlement criterion is applied. Therefore, to reduce the likelihood of possible non-recognition of British companies, given the location of the board of such a legal entity in the state where the residency criterion applies, it seems appropriate to consider reincarnation at the actual location of such a company. Reducing the risks of these negative consequences in connection with Brexit on cross-border activities of legal entities is possible by concluding interstate bilateral and multilateral agreements that would contain unified rules on conflict of law regulation of the status of legal entities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Guocheng Qin ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
YiMei Hou ◽  
HaoRan Gui ◽  
YingHao Jian

The digital twin model of the factory is the basis for the construction of a digital factory, and the professional system of the factory is complex. The traditional BIM model is not completely consistent with the actual position of the corresponding component, and it is difficult to directly replace the digital twin model. In response to this situation, relying on a certain factory project, the point cloud is used to eliminate the positional deviation between the BIM model and the factory during the construction phase, improve the efficiency and accuracy and reliability of model adjustment and optimization, and , realize the conversion from BIM model to digital twin model. A novel algorithm is developed to quickly detect and evaluate the construction quality of the local structure of the factory, so as to input the initial deformation data of the structure into the corresponding model and feed back to the construction party for improvement. The results show that the digital twin model, which is highly consistent with the actual location of the factory components, not only lays a solid foundation for the construction of a digital factory, but also further deepens the integration and application of BIM and point clouds.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Hayward

The island of Avalon features in British Arthurian legendry. While its very existence — let alone any actual location it may have had — is contentious, it is now commonly associated with Glastonbury, in the English county of Somerset. Illustrating its enduring appeal, Avalon’s name has also been affixed to a number of international locations over the last 500 years. There have been various motivations for such place naming, including religious beliefs, personal associations, and various types of boosterism, all attempting to imbue New World locales with Old World mystique through nomenclative association. This article surveys the deployment of the concept of Avalon through anglophonic colonial and post-colonial place naming and examines the varying ways in which the name has been applied in different national and local contexts. Its survey reveals direct references to the legendary isle in place naming between the 17th and early 20th centuries and, generally, more weakly associative and/or arbitrary connections over the last century. The study contributes to the expansion of island studies by analysing how a mythical island has been projected onto various non-island locations, and contributes to the development of toponymic studies by examining multiple uses of a single place name.


Author(s):  
Agata Kozioł

Retention of title as a security on tangible assets is well known in many legal systems. It enables to strengthen the position of the seller in such a contract of sale in which the payment of the price is agreed to be done later than the handing over the good. This instrument disturbs the traditional model of sale in two ways. Firstly, the conclusion of the contract is not directly followed — which takes usually place — by the performance of the obligation to transfer the property. Secondly, the right of property receives in that way a new role to play — it becomes a security right, guarantying the pecuniary claim of the seller and ceases the function of the principal right. In order to find the law applicable to the retention of title, its different aspects — contractual and real — should be qualified according to their nature. These aspects should be treated separately and be assessed according to the proper legal system. For example, the law applicable to contractual assets of retention of title defines if such belated transfer of ownership affects any general rights and obligations of parties, such as the right to receive benefits from the asset or to bear costs of its maintenance. On the other hand, the law of actual location of the asset as a law applicable to real aspects of the retention of title defines the nature of the element disturbing the transfer of ownership and the scope of rights of the seller towards charged good as its owner.


Author(s):  
Дмитро Moicєєв

This article is about the problem of the historical topography of the downtown of Bakhchisarai -Hansaray. It was the centre of formation of the medieval city and the capital of the Crimean Khanate. A popular belief is that Hansaray is, in one sense, a copy and development of the idea of a medieval Eastern Palace (videlicet, the Top Cap in Istanbul) and dominates in historiography. The study of kırımlı cultural and historical heritage remains at a very low level as a result of permanent genocide by Russia empire in the XIX-XX centuries. This led to the development of a distorted picture of the historical and scientific understanding of cultural heritage. Great and significant monuments, even scientific memory about them, have disappeared from the cultural and historical landscape. Mehmed IV Geray baths is an example of this. The actual location of the monument with the help of archaeological geolocation method has been determined in this article. This discovery and interpretation, as an important part of the palatial part of the city development, gives a different look at the whole complex of Hansaray. The Khan's Palace is the centre of the city in contradistinction from the Oriental palaces. Quarters of socially important structures formed around it (one of them was Mohammed IV Giray's baths). After that city development transforms into civic blocks with town mansions, mosques and other public buildings.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Schulze ◽  
David Buttelmann

Correcting a person’s false belief verbally seems to affect infants’ predictions of this person’s belief-based actions. However, the role of the context in which this verbal correction takes place has not been investigated. That is, it is not yet clear whether it is the social interaction between interlocutors that makes children interpret an utterance as a communicative act that alters the recipient’s mental states. Using a violation-of-expectation paradigm, we tested whether 18-month-olds (n=84) understood that for a communicative act to be successful in repairing an agent’s false belief, the agent had to discern the verbal statement. Participants saw how an agent put a toy into a box and left. An assistant then moved the toy into a cup. Before the agent reached into either the box or the cup, an intervention phase varied the social context within which communication took place. In a social context without any statement, infants expected the agent to search the toy at the original location. In a non-social context with a statement, infants had no clear expectations. However, in a social context with a statement, infants updated their predictions about the agent’s action, expecting her to search the toy at the actual location. Thus, 18-month-olds infer that a social interaction is required for a communicative act to be successful and to repair an agent’s false belief.


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