nervous system cancer
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PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0251998
Author(s):  
Sang-Yun Lee ◽  
Yvonne Teng ◽  
Miseol Son ◽  
Bosung Ku ◽  
Ho Sang Moon ◽  
...  

To test the safety and efficacy of drugs via a high does drug heat map, a multi-spheroids array chip was developed by adopting a micropillar and microwell structure. In the chip, patient-derived cells were encapsulated in alginate and grown to maturity for more than 7 days to form cancer multi-spheroids. Multi-spheroids grown in conventional well plates require many cells and are easily damaged as a result of multiple pipetting during maintenance culture or experimental procedures. To address these issues, we applied a micropillar and microwell structure to the multi-spheroids array. Patient-derived cells from patients with Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and lethal form of central nervous system cancer, were used to validate the array chip performance. After forming multi-spheroids with a diameter greater than 100μm in a 12×36 pillar array chip (25mm × 75mm), we tested 70 drug compounds (6 replicates) using a high-dose to determine safety and efficacy for drug candidates. Comparing the drug response of multi-spheroids derived from normal cells and cancer cells, we found that four compounds (Dacomitinib, Cediranib, LY2835219, BGJ398) did not show toxicity to astrocyte cell and were efficacious to patient-derived GBM cells.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Saeidi Borojeni ◽  
Farid Najafi ◽  
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani ◽  
Zahra Darabi ◽  
Mitra Darbandi ◽  
...  

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Primary brain tumors are among the main causes of death. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological features of the brain and central nervous system cancer in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this study, data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study were used to estimate the incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality in 21 countries in the MENA region from 1990 to 2019 based on age and sex. The percentage of the changes of epidemiologic indicators was calculated between 1990 and 2019. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Palestine and Turkey had the highest rate of brain and central nervous system cancer in 2019. Saudi Arabia, Oman, Iraq, and Lebanon had the highest percentage of incidence rate changes from 1990 to 2019. The prevalence of brain and central nervous system cancer in the MENA region was increased from 7.51 (95% CI: 4.95–11.01) in 1990 to 16.45 (95% CI: 10.83–19.54) in 2019 (percentage of changes = 54.35%). The standardized age mortality rate in the MENA region was increased by 2.7% in 2019 compared to that in 1990. The rate of standardized age of DALY per 100,000 individuals in the MENA region decreased from 135.09 (95% CI: 92.57–199.92) in 1990 to 128.34 (95% CI: 87.81–151.3) in 2019. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The incidence rate, prevalence, and standardized age mortality (per 100,000) had increased significantly in the MENA region in 2019 compared to those in 1990. Focusing on the diversity of the estimates of such indices in different countries of MENA can lead to the identification of important risk factors for brain cancer in future studies.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. van der Willik ◽  
Katarzyna Jóźwiak ◽  
Michael Hauptmann ◽  
Edolie E.D. van de Velde ◽  
Annette Compter ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. Orozco-Forero ◽  
Lina M. Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Ana P. Pamplona-Sierra ◽  
Ma. de los Ángeles Rodríguez-Gázquez ◽  
Ana C. Toro-Moreno ◽  
...  

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