Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the ellipsoid zone (EZ) changes according to the types of diabetic macular edema (DME) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) after intravitreal bevacizumab injection. Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of the patients who had treatment-naive DME and underwent intravitreal bevacizumab treatment between January 2015 and December 2021 were analyzed. Patients who meet the inclusion criteria and completed the follow-up period of 12 months were divided into 4 groups according to the types of diabetic macular edema on OCT (Diffuse DME [Group-1], cystoid DME [Group-2], diffuse DME with serous retinal detachment (SRD) [Group-3] and cystoid DME with SRD [Group-4]). Primary outcomes were EZ changes between the groups.Results: 125 eyes of 96 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and completed the follow-up period were included in the study. There were no statistically significant differences in EZ improvements between the groups at 4, 6 and 12 months after treatment (p =0,594, p=0,836, p=0,486, p=0,748 respectively). The mean logMAR BCVA and CMT of all eyes showed significant improvement at 4, 6 and 12 months. When the mean CMT was compared between each groups, there were significant differences between the Group-1and Group-4 at 4, 6 and 12 months after treatment. (p<0,05)Conclusion: The BCVA gains and improvement in the CMT were maintained in all four DME types during the first year of intravitreal bevacizumab therapy. The improvement in EZ disruption was not depent on the type of DME and improved similarly in all groups.