Using the synthetic form RS5 to obtain new introgressive lines of common wheat

The use of the gene pool of wild relatives, which have a significant reserve of genetic diversity, is of immediate interest for breeding common wheat. The creation and use of synthetic forms as “bridges” is an effective method of transferring valuable genetic material from wild relatives to cultivated wheat. For this purpose, genome addition, genome substitution and recombinant “secondary” synthetic forms have been created in the P.P. Lukyanenko National Center of Grain. The synthetic recombination form RS5 (BBAASDt ), in which the third genome consists of chromosomes of Aegilops speltoides (S) and Aegilops tauschii (Dt ), was obtained from crossing the synthetic forms Avrodes (BBAASS) and M.it./Ae. tauschii (BBAADt Dt ), in which the D genome from Ae. tauschii was added to the BBAA genomes of the durum wheat cultivar Mutico italicum. Introgression lines resistant to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew have been obtained from backcrosses with the susceptible common wheat cultivars Krasnodarskaya 99, Rostislav and Zhirovka. Twelve resistant lines that additionally have high technological characteristics of grain and flour have been selected. The cytological study (С-banding) has revealed chromosomal modifications in 6 of 8 lines under study. The rearrangements mainly affected the chromosomes of the D genome, 1D, 3D, 4D, 6D and 7D. It was found that in most cases the genetic material from the synthetic form RS5 in the studied lines was represented by substituted chromosomes from Ae. tauschii. In line 5791p17, the substitution of chromosomes 6D from Ae. tauschii and 7D from Ae. speltoides was revealed. Substitutions 4D(4Dt ), 6D(6Dt ) from Ae. tauschii and 7D(7S) from Ae. speltoides were obtained for the first time. Molecular analysis of 12 lines did not reveal effective leaf rust resistance genes, presumably present in synthetic forms of M.it./Ae. tauschii and Avrodes. It is assumed that the lines may carry previously unidentified genes for fungal disease resistance, in particular for resistance to leaf rust, from Ae. tauschii and Ae. speltoides.

EXPRESSION OF INDUCEMENT IN KOREAN AND BULGARIAN

This article attempts to present some means of expressing inducement in Korean and Bulgarian and to suggest some features discovered in the translation corpus, composed of five original Korean novels and their translations in Bulgarian. Unlike imperative mood, which is a grammatically concretized notion of deontic modality, inducement is a complex unity formed by various elements such as morphological, syntactic and lexical elements. Therefore, it can be realized both directly and indirectly through the means, which express / do not express inducement in its own form. As for the direct way, Bulgarian has a synthetic and an analytic form. Korean has only a synthetic form, but it has six imperative endings, differing in terms of formality and politeness. Regarding the indirect way, some means like interrogative sentences with the verb in indicative mood and declarative sentences with modal verb are actively used in both languages, while others are used only in Bulgarian. For example, the use of a declarative sentence with a future tense verb in the indicative mood for the purpose of expressing inducement is clearly confirmed in Bulgarian, but in Korean this kind of sentence does not perform the same function at all. From the studied translation materials five main asymmetric features have been found – in the person of the addressee, the voice of the sentence, the way of expressing the inducement, the sentence structure and the way of strengthening the persistence.

Rosyjskie wyrażenie не судьба i jego polskie odpowiedniki

The subject of the article is a comparative analysis of the Russian expression не судьба кому-л. and its Polish equivalents. In the ethno-cultural aspect, it describes one of the Russian key ideas – the concept of SUD’BA. The special status of the discussed unit is evidenced by: the synthetic form and the inability to express its content in the same simple way in another language, the non-assertive type of meaning and informality. The analysis of lexicographic and corpus sources shows that the closest synonyms of the Russian predicate are Polish sentence phrases, coś nie było sądzone komuś and taki los that shows semantic and pragmatic differences. The devaluation of the importance of the Russian unit observed in recent uses consists in changing the attitude of regret towards unfavourable events into a sense of relief and its relation to “light” and ordinary events. This meaning corresponds to Polish – taka już czyjaś uroda.

Evaluation of the explosion risk specific to the preparation and storage activity of the simple explosive mixture type ANFO

The paper presents the results of the theoretical and practical research regarding the evaluation of the explosion risk specific to the activity of preparation/storage activity of the ANFO type explosive mixture, based on the identification and systematic analysis of the potential dangers that can generate explosion events, in order to establish and substantiate the possible accidents main scenarios, as well as reference scenarios. From a structural point of view, each accident scenario, defined at the level of the industrial site analyzed, is configured procedurally in synthetic form, comprising typical sections of methodological approach, respectively: location, description of the consequences (unimportant, important), evaluation of the risk of explosion (identification, estimation and appreciation) and measures to prevent damage/measures to reduce the risk of explosion.

Author’s Transformations of Folklore Images in Yakut Literature

Peculiarities of author’s transformations and interpretations of folklore imagery in the formation of special forms and types of metatext structures in Yakut literature are examined from the point of view of the specifics of genre synthesis: architectonics, figurative-motivational complex, structural-compositional, poetic structure, etc. On the basis of new methodological approaches, literary texts are defined as unique models of genre contamination (meta-genre cyclic formations, montage polycyclic form, “poet’s drama,” etc.). Particular attention is paid to a system-typological study of the issue of meta-genre structures in lyrical and dramatic works. As a result of the research, the author substantiates the position that in the Yakut literature, starting from the middle of the 20th century, a synthetic form of meta-genre structures begins to develop as a qualitatively new phenomenon. It is revealed that the construction of meta-genre forms is based on the formal and meaningful parameters of the imagery of traditional folklore sources, which in the artistic text acquire a new quality depending on the author’s reflection.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DYDROGESTERONE AND NATURAL MICRONISED PROGESTERONE (NMP) IN THREATENED ABORTION

Progesterone is also called as propregnacy hormone. Threatened abortion is bleeding that occurs during first twenty weeks of pregnancy. A major step in management includes supplementation of progesterone for continuing pregnancy. It has been suggested that some women who experience spontaneous abortion may not be producing enough progesterone, so by administrating adjuvant progesterone it may be possible to prevent miscarriage. There are several formulations. In this study ,we shall compare the efficacy of two form-the natural micronised progesterone & dydrogestrone, a synthetic form in threatened abortion. An observational study was undertaken in O & G department , JLN medical college , Bhagalpur for a period of one and half year. 50 women presented with either pain or bleeding PV within 12-20 wk of gestation. Each group of 25 given DYDR & NMP. Serum progesterone was measured at one &half month interval up to four& half months. Usg fetal weight monitored on day 0 & 135.

DEVELOPMENT OF BOOK GRAPHICS IN KAZAKHSTAN AT THE CURRENT STAGE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A CHILDREN'S BOOK)

This article discusses the problems of book graphics using the example of a children's book. The methodological basis of the research has been the work of scientists on book graphics, illustrations for children's books, collections of scientific papers on various aspects of the problem under study, catalogs of exhibitions of book graphics, as well as the results of a sociological survey. Research hypothesis: if book graphics, being a synthetic form of art, has an educational and educational potential of influencing the formation of a personality in childhood, then this particular type of visual art is one of the most important educational tools, as well as the most widespread and accessible, which in turn leads to its greatest popularity in society.

The use of the auxiliary verb in 2nd person singular perfect verbal forms in Old Russian documents of the 14–16th centuries

The article analyses 2nd person singular perfect forms in a collection of Old Russian documents of the 14–16th centuries. The main focus is placed on their formal aspects and the transition from an analytic to synthetic form. The process itself is well-known, yet it still lacks a detailed description and fully explained reasons for its occurrence. The author, providing statistical data on the use of the auxiliary verb byti and explicitly expressed subject, proves its great regularity. There is a strong dependence between the two items and usually only one of them is applied with perfect constructions. This shows that the function of the auxiliary verb has been completely changed and in the period described it played only the role of a person indicator. Thus, it became redundant when the use of personal pronouns was increased. All the exceptions to this rule are scarce and can be explained with factors of a syntactical or extra-linguistic character. The author’s assumptions are confirmed with statistical data and examples taken from spiritual and contractual charters of grand princes and appanage princes in the XIV–XVI centuries.

Normative Forms and Integrated Structure of Japanese in Incubation Period

In this paper, I examine the change mechanism of Japanese sentence-final forms (SFF) maintained by two Korean returnee sisters for over 10 years after the cessation of L2 contact, and focus on the negative formal style of verb sentences and its deviation from the actual use of norms (analysis form) and non-norms (synthetic form). Findings are based on a comparison of two Korean sisters’ Japanese with that of thirteen Korean adults’ colonial Japanese maintained for over 60 years, which is also in the incubation phase. In the sisters’ Japanese sentence-final forms that were incubating as their L2, they rarely used the non-norms, while the norms were stably maintained, and the retention of the synthetic structure of their returnee Japanese correlated with the duration of the language acquisition period and with the elapsed time of contact cessation. That is, the sisters used more of the norms in the Korean colonial Japanese SFF than they did in their Japanese; I attribute this to the sisters’ 10-year incubation period. Specifically, the Korean returnee sisters’ speech included interventions of the explanatory [N] in the past affirmation of -ta desu, heavy use of non-norms in adjective and noun sentences, and connecting sentence-final particles to further grammatical structures. However, there were fixed and conventional Norms in the Korean returnee sisters’ Japanese, and once these are acquired, masu forms are retained for long periods in mirror image, especially on elder A. To summarize, in terms of the format of the returnee Japanese SFF, the two Korean returnee sisters were slower to shift from norms (masu) to non-norms (desu) than were adult Korean speakers of colonial Japanese. The same shift is observed with synthetic structure even after cessation of the language contact.

D’ALEMBERT FISICO E MATEMATICO

Some mathematical treatises of d’Alembert are presented in in synthetic form. Particular attention is paid to the Traité de dynamique, namely the part concerning the principles on which Mechanics is founded. This includes the formulation of the method later entered introduced in treatises on Mechanics under the name D’Alembert’s Principle. Then some applications to problems in Astronomy are discussed. The content of the note has been presented in a talk given at the Istituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere, in the context of a conference dedicated to the works of D’Alembert owned by the Library.