AVAILABILITY AND COMPARISON OF DATA FROM SENTINEL-1 SATELLITES IN AREAS OF INTEREST IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND SUDAN

The article is focused on the methodology of processing interferometric images and associated challenges with the processing. The article also contains useful links with explanations that can be used for processing data from the Sentinel-1 satellite. To emphasize the data limits of Sentinel-1, several areas of interest were chosen for comparison – in the home environment of the Czech Republic, the Bílina quarry area, and the Žatec area were selected. For subsequent comparison, arid areas with a rich history located in Sudan were selected. The colleagues of the author from the Faculty of The Environment of Jan Evangelista Purkyně University participate in expeditions there. Each of these locations is limited by different parameters – the areas in the Czech Republic are mainly limited by location because of occurring vegetation. Sudan's regions, on the other hand, are arid but are limited by insufficient coverage by capturing the Sentinel-1 satellite. To create digital height models from Sentinel-1 satellite data, it is necessary to search for data with sufficient coherence of images, and parameters of the amount of vegetation with a period between individual images play an important role. The areas were compared with each other and with the commonly available SRTM elevation model, both from a visual point of view – where digital height models and shaded surface models were created, as well as statistically using RMSE.

INFLUENCER COMMUNICATION ON THE SOCIAL NETWORK INSTAGRAM

The topic of influencers has been a widely used word in recent years. It is a person who, through social media networks, influences the target groups of their followers. The aim of this paper is to analyze the communication of selected influencers on the social platform Instagram. Using classification analysis, data on individual influencers are presented. For the sake of interesting results and the proof that the success of an influencer does not only depend on how many followers they have on their profile, the influencers were selected with the help of respondents who assessed them independently. The data were obtained on the social platform Instagram and subsequently processed on the basis of the last five contributions as of April 3, 2020. This work is focused mainly on the number of responses to influencers in the form of likes or comments, furthermore we also calculate what share of their contributions is from 2020, mainly due to the fact that influencers on Instagram started to become known mostly in that year. The statistics of individual Instagram profiles and their subsequent comparison with each other are presented. The results show that it does not entirely depend on how many followers an influencer has, but that it depends more on the quality and impact of individual posts.

Reliability and Accuracy of Alternative Default Prediction Models: Evidence from Slovakia

The aim of this paper is to assess the reliability of alternative default prediction models in local conditions, with subsequent comparison with other generally known and globally disseminated default prediction models, such as Altman’s Z-score, Quick Test, Creditworthiness Index, and Taffler’s Model. The comparison was carried out on a sample of 90 companies operating in the Slovak Republic over a period of 3 years (2016, 2017, and 2018) with a narrower focus on three sectors: construction, retail, and tourism, using alternative default prediction models, such as CH-index, G-index, Binkert’s Model, HGN2 Model, M-model, Gulka’s Model, Hurtošová’s Model, Model of Delina and Packová, and Binkert’s Model. To verify the reliability of these models, tests of the significance of statistical hypotheses were used, such as type I and type II error. According to research results, the highest reliability and accuracy was achieved by an alternative local Model of Delina and Packová. The least reliable results within the list of models were reported by the most globally disseminated model, Altman’s Z-score. Significant differences between sectors were identified.

Mathematical and Physical Analysis of Pressure Gradient in the Experimental Chamber for Subsequent Comparison with Optical Methods

As a part of the research in the field of pumping vacuum chambers in the Environmental Electron Microscope, a research on supersonic flow through the Appertures is being carried out at the Department of Electrical and Electronic Technology of the Brno University of Technology in cooperation with the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Science. This paper deals with the possibility of investigating shock waves using the Shlieren optical method, which allows to observe pressure gradients as the first derivation of pressure.

An alienated person in the novels “Do not Feed or Touch the Pelicans” by Andrey Astvatsaturov and “A Brief Life” by Juan Carlos Onetti Borges

The article compares the methods of describing the “alienated person”, landscape and interpersonal relationships in the novel “Do not Feed or Touch the Pelicans” by the contemporary Russian writer Andrey Astvatsaturov and in the novel “A Brief Lifeˮ by the Uruguayan prose writer Juan Carlos Onetti Borges. The aim of the work is to identify the points of contact between the texts of the Uruguayan and the Russian authors within the framework of the hermeneutic approach. The research reveals a number of similarities in the authors' poetics at the narratological, compositional, philosophical and socio-psychological levels. Particular attention is paid to the analysis and commenting of dialogues in Andrey Astvatsaturov and J.C. Onetti. The communication of the characters in the texts is unproductive, the characters are alienated from each other and from the “soilˮ, and the spiritual in them is in irreconcilable conflict with the bodily. Montevideo and Santa Maria with J.C. Onetti as loci are Latin American analogues of St. Petersburg with Andrey Astvatsaturov. The “carnivalˮ finals of the novels are compared. The conclusion is made about the typological similarity of Andrey Astvatsaturov and J.C. Onetti as authors who hold pessimistic views of the real world and model fictional worlds in an attempt to overcome the oppressive longing of reality. The authors borrow techniques and strategies for text arrangement from authors such as William Cuthbert Faulkner, Jerome David Salinger, and Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre while working on his novels. The question is raised about the further observation of the evolution of the poetics of Andrey Astvatsaturov and the subsequent comparison of his new texts with the novels of J.C. Onetti.

Exploring practical use of Garden ring in radial-circular layout of Moscow, typology of greening and normative balance indicators

The article examines the current dynamics of the development of the Garden Ring, and the state program of repairs «My street» in Moscow. For the purpose of analysis and typology of individual divisions of the highway into segments and elements of landscaping and greening, with their subsequent comparison of their balance indicators of greening. The article analyzes the positive experience of construction and an assessment of the possibilities of its application for the development of similar urban areas. The values of the irregularity of greening of the Garden Ring and the analysis of the normative balance indicator of greening are obtained. The addition and updating of indicators, as well as the normative nature of greening of urban objects, are seen and solved at various stages and by various participants: both for the state customer and for the executors, during the construction, repair and reconstruction of public areas. Normative indicators of greening is a essential aspect for creating the minimum areal values of a comfortable urban environment.

Memory for Stimulus Duration Is Not Bound to Spatial Information

Different theories have been proposed to explain how the human brain derives an accurate sense of time. One specific class of theories, intrinsic clock theories, postulate that temporal information of a stimulus is represented much like other features such as color and location, bound together to form a coherent percept. Here, we explored to what extent this holds for temporal information after it has been perceived and is held in working memory for subsequent comparison. We recorded EEG of participants who were asked to time stimuli at lateral positions of the screen followed by comparison stimuli presented in the center. Using well-established markers of working memory maintenance, we investigated whether the usage of temporal information evoked neural signatures that were indicative of the location where the stimuli had been presented, both during maintenance and during comparison. Behavior and neural measures including the contralateral delay activity, lateralized alpha suppression, and decoding analyses through time all supported the same conclusion: The representation of location was strongly involved during perception of temporal information, but when temporal information was to be used for comparison, it no longer showed a relation to spatial information. These results support a model where the initial perception of a stimulus involves intrinsic computations, but that this information is subsequently translated to a stimulus-independent format to be used to further guide behavior.

A Voxel-Based Radiographic Analysis Reveals the Biological Character of Proneural-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioblastoma

Introduction: Proneural and mesenchymal subtypes are the most distinct demarcated categories in classification scheme, and there is often a shift from proneural type to mesenchymal subtype in the progression of glioblastoma (GBM). The molecular characters are determined by specific genomic methods, however, the application of radiography in clinical practice remains to be further studied. Here, we studied the topography features of GBM in proneural subtype, and further demonstrated the survival characteristics and proneural-mesenchymal transition (PMT) progression of samples by combining with the imaging variables.Methods: Data were acquired from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA, http://cancerimagingarchive.net). The radiography image, clinical variables and transcriptome subtype from 223 samples were used in this study. Proneural and mesenchymal subtype on GBM topography based on overlay and Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis were revealed. Besides, we carried out the comparison of survival analysis and PMT progression in and outside the VLSM-determined area.Results: The overlay of total GBM and separated image of proneural and mesenchymal subtype revealed a correlation of the two subtypes. By VLSM analysis, proneural subtype was confirmed to be related to left inferior temporal medulla, and no significant voxel was found for mesenchymal subtype. The subsequent comparison between samples in and outside the VLSM-determined area showed difference in overall survival (OS) time, tumor purity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) score and clinical variables.Conclusions: PMT progression was determined by radiography approach. GBM samples in the VLSM-determined area tended to harbor the signature of proneural subtype. This study provides a valuable VLSM-determined area related to the predilection site, prognosis and PMT progression by the association between GBM topography and molecular characters.

INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN WASTE OF JUICE PRODUCTION OF BLUEBERRIES AND BLACK CURRANTS

This article examines the chemical characteristics contained in the waste of juice production of black currants and blueberries. the influence of antioxidant substances on the human body is considered. The aim of the article is to study the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of freshly frozen blueberries and black currants, fresh juice of blueberries and black currants, raw and dried pomace of the studied berries, which underwent short-term heat treatment, water extracts and concentrated water extracts of these berries, as well as the subsequent comparison of the values of all data. We demonstrate methods for determining the total content of phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, FRAP method (method for determining antiradical activity), a method for evaluating antioxidant properties using a model system of linoleic acid, as well as a method for determining the restoring force. Studies were carried out on water-alcohol extracts obtained at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 37 °C. The results of the study show that dried blueberries, compared with other objects studied as blueberries and blackcurrants, have the maximum values of all chemical characteristics, which is the best option for human health.

Forecast Accuracy Evaluation of the Enterprise’s Industrial Safety Integral Risk

Autoregressive models represent a time series as a linear dependence of the current value on the retrospective ones. Their feature is the mathematical and statistical base and formalization of the requirements for the parameters’ selection, which makes them relevant and effective. The article describes an algorithm for analyzing time series representing changes in the integral risk indicator and its modeling using various autoregressive models with subsequent comparison of their adequacy and quality evaluation of the resulting forecast. It is shown that with the help of this class models, it is possible to build a forecast for a time period sufficient to make a decision on preventing accidents at complex infrastructure facilities.