Anthropometric Analysis of Human Knee Joint in Indian Population

Background: It is well understood that distal femoral and proximal tibia scale is lower in case of the Asian than that of their western counterparts. Because of the Asian population's comparatively smaller structure and stature, many surgeons claim that imported implants may not be well fitted for Asian origin patients, mainly based on Western morphometry. It is very likely that an overweight section will be used in many Asian centres in most operations, resulting in low results of the procedure of the implant. For joint substitution of distal femur, careful positioning of fitted implants as well as balancing of underlying soft tissues is important. It is also important to use incredibly complex surgical procedures. To retain its usual functional motion spectrum, use of a suitable femoral part dimension is necessary. Furthermore, owing to a discrepancy between the size of the prosthesis and the bone, there could be a host of serious issues. Objectives: To calculate the anthropometric distal femur parameter and determine the distal femur variations on the right and left side of the morph metric measurement and to evaluate dimension of current TKA as related to Indian population. Methodology: This study included visiting the out patients Department of Orthopedics, at AVBRH in the age group 30-50 year during the period of June-2020 to April-2023 with sample size of 50 patients. Detailed history and clinical review will be taken, including age, sex, socio-economic background, type of employment. In all patients involved in the study in Orthopedic OPD, thorough radiological assessment of all the knee joints will be performed. The radiological test and various anthropometrics will include knee joint Simple X-ray and CT-Scan. Expected Results: We expect that from our results, anthropometric measurements of Indian population may differ from other literatures.

A Tensor voting Based Surface Anomaly Classification Approach by Using 3D Point Cloud Data

Advanced 3D scanning technology has been widely used in many industries to collect the massive point cloud data of artifacts for part dimension measurement and shape analysis. Though point cloud data also has product surface quality information, it is challenging to conduct effective surface anomaly classification due to the complex data representation, high-dimensionality, and inconsistent size of the 3D point cloud data within each sample. To deal with these challenges, this paper proposes a tensor voting based approach for anomaly classification of artifact surfaces. A case study based on 3D scanned data obtained from a manufacturing plant shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Control of Final Part Dimensions in Polymer Extrusion Using a Variable-Geometry Die

Parts made via polymer extrusion are currently limited to a constant cross section. Additionally, the process is difficult to control, so desired final part dimensions are often achieved via a manual trial-and-error approach to parameter adjustment. This work seeks to increase the capability of polymer extrusion by using iterative learning control (ILC) to regulate the final width of a rectangular part through changing the width of a simple variable-geometry die. Simulation results determine the appropriateness of the learning algorithm and gains to be used in experiment. A prototype die on a production extruder was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. These experiments achieved automated control over both gross change in shape and final part dimension when the puller speed was held constant, which has not been seen previously in the literature.

INVESTIGATION OF TRANSIENT NUCLEATE BOILING PROCESSES AND THEIR PRACTICAL USE IN HEAT TREATING INDUSTRY

In the paper transient nucleate boiling process is widely discussed. It’s unknown previously and investigated by author characteristics create a basis for designing of new technologies which allow receiving super strengthened materials. Obtained results are also used for appropriate software development to be widely applied for control of technological processes and cooling recipes design. A possibility of transition from real heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) to effective HTCs is discussed in the paper too. It is shown that core temperature of steel parts at the end of transient nucleate boiling (self-regulated thermal process (SRTP)) is a linear function of a part dimension when convective heat transfer coefficient during quenching in liquid media is fixed. Also, it is shown that effective Kondrtajev number Kn is a function of part size and convection intensity and is almost linear function for large sizes of steel parts. Surface temperature at the beginning of self-regulated thermal process and at its end is calculated depending on size and intensity of cooling. Based on obtained new results, it is possible to design DATABASE for liquid quenchants using standard Inconel 600 probe combined with the Liscic/Petrofer probe. Obtained results can be useful for engineers and software designers.

Application of Integrated Design of the Belt Drive System Based on the Platform of Research and Development of the VBA

In order to the integrated design of the geometric parameters and drawing the pulley parts, based on R & D platform of the VBA with the CAD software, hence after analyzing the selection belt type, determine the reference diameter of the belt pulley, choosing length and the amount of the belt, and designing and drawing the pulley parts, in which include the drawing the tooth of v belt pulley, chamfers and grooves, keyway, hatches, and part dimension, etc. Conventional belt drive system is successfully developed. The design results show that the program is running smoothly, the result is correct with the friendly interface, it can provide a convenient tool to rapidly design of project for the belt drive system.

Research on Edge Detection of Thin Sheet Part Dimension Inspection System Based on Machine Vision

Aiming at the edge detection of thin sheet part dimension inspection system based on machine vision, a contrast research on edge detection is investigated. The Gaussian blurred simulation image and thin sheet part image are took as evaluation images, and the edge detection are done with Roberts operator, Sobel operator, Prewitt operator, Kirsch operator, Laplacian operator, LOG operator and mathematical morphology edge detection method. The results of edge detection are analyzed deeply, and the edge location accuracy, noise resisting ability and calculation time of each algorithm are compared. The single-pixel width connected contour is acquired with mathematical morphology edge detection method, the detection time are 0.0521 second and 0.457 second respectively. It is appropriate that taking the mathematical morphology edge detection method as the edge detection method of thin sheet part dimension inspection system based on machine vision.