Monitoring of neck activity for early warning of cervical spondylosis

<abstract> <p>Wireless body area networks (WBANs) is a new research hotspot with great development prospects. The non-contact sensing based on radio frequency signal can solve the issues of personal comfort and privacy. Detection of cervical motion range and cervical strain in time are important in diagnosis and prevention of cervical spondylosis. In this paper, channel state information is used to achieve smart perception and monitoring, timely and efficient detection of different postures and abnormal bending of the neck. It provides an efficient way for protecting cervical health, and also some help for doctors to understand the causes of cervical vertebral disease in a timely manner. The classification accuracy of the four activities reached 99.4%, 99.7%, 99.5% and 99.3%, respectively.</p> </abstract>

Intubation Biomechanics: Clinical Implications of Computational Modeling of Intervertebral Motion and Spinal Cord Strain during Tracheal Intubation in an Intact Cervical Spine

Background In a closed claims study, most patients experiencing cervical spinal cord injury had stable cervical spines. This raises two questions. First, in the presence of an intact (stable) cervical spine, are there tracheal intubation conditions in which cervical intervertebral motions exceed physiologically normal maximum values? Second, with an intact spine, are there tracheal intubation conditions in which potentially injurious cervical cord strains can occur? Methods This study utilized a computational model of the cervical spine and cord to predict intervertebral motions (rotation, translation) and cord strains (stretch, compression). Routine (Macintosh) intubation force conditions were defined by a specific application location (mid-C3 vertebral body), magnitude (48.8 N), and direction (70 degrees). A total of 48 intubation conditions were modeled: all combinations of 4 force locations (cephalad and caudad of routine), 4 magnitudes (50 to 200% of routine), and 3 directions (50, 70, and 90 degrees). Modeled maximum intervertebral motions were compared to motions reported in previous clinical studies of the range of voluntary cervical motion. Modeled peak cord strains were compared to potential strain injury thresholds. Results Modeled maximum intervertebral motions occurred with maximum force magnitude (97.6 N) and did not differ from physiologically normal maximum motion values. Peak tensile cord strains (stretch) did not exceed the potential injury threshold (0.14) in any of the 48 force conditions. Peak compressive strains exceeded the potential injury threshold (–0.20) in 3 of 48 conditions, all with maximum force magnitude applied in a nonroutine location. Conclusions With an intact cervical spine, even with application of twice the routine value of force magnitude, intervertebral motions during intubation did not exceed physiologically normal maximum values. However, under nonroutine high-force conditions, compressive strains exceeded potentially injurious values. In patients whose cords have less than normal tolerance to acute strain, compressive strains occurring with routine intubation forces may reach potentially injurious values. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

RESEARCH ON THE IMPROVED IMAGE TRACKING ALGORITHM OF ATHLETES’ CERVICAL HEALTH

ABSTRACT Objective: With the increasing number and youth of patients with cervical spondylosis, people pay more and more attention to the cervical spine. Early diagnosis, intervention and treatment play an important role in the recovery of cervical spondylosis. With the continuous development of computer technology, the improvement of various modeling theories, and the application of image processing methods in orthopedics, new ideas are opened to observe cervical vertebra motion health. Methods: In this paper, the measurement of cervical motion is achieved by machine vision. A method of parameter measurement based on the constraint relationship of lower cervical motion is proposed. Based on image preprocessing, the left edge of the cervical vertebra was extracted and analyzed. Results: With the horizontal coordinate of registration point as the reference line, the changing trend of the angle between the left edge curve and the reference line of C4 and C5 vertebrae in the process of spontaneous flexion and extension of the cervical vertebrae was observed, and the movement rate of the cervical vertebrae was analyzed. Conclusions: It was found that the speed of the cervical vertebrae in the process of movement of the patients with cervical spondylosis showed jumping changes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Three-Dimensional Kinematic Motion of the Craniocervical Junction of Chihuahuas and Labrador Retrievers

All vertebrate species have a distinct morphology and movement pattern, which reflect the adaption of the animal to its habitat. Yet, our knowledge of motion patterns of the craniocervical junction of dogs is very limited. The aim of this prospective study is to perform a detailed analysis and description of three-dimensional craniocervical motion during locomotion in clinically sound Chihuahuas and Labrador retrievers. This study presents the first in vivo recorded motions of the craniocervical junction of clinically sound Chihuahuas (n = 8) and clinically sound Labrador retrievers (n = 3) using biplanar fluoroscopy. Scientific rotoscoping was used to reconstruct three-dimensional kinematics during locomotion. The same basic motion patterns were found in Chihuahuas and Labrador retrievers during walking. Sagittal, lateral, and axial rotation could be observed in both the atlantoaxial and the atlantooccipital joints during head motion and locomotion. Lateral and axial rotation occurred as a coupled motion pattern. The amplitudes of axial and lateral rotation of the total upper cervical motion and the atlantoaxial joint were higher in Labrador retrievers than in Chihuahuas. The range of motion (ROM) maxima were 20°, 26°, and 24° in the sagittal, lateral, and axial planes, respectively, of the atlantoaxial joint. ROM maxima of 30°, 16°, and 18° in the sagittal, lateral, and axial planes, respectively, were found at the atlantooccipital joint. The average absolute sagittal rotation of the atlas was slightly higher in Chihuahuas (between 9.1 ± 6.8° and 18.7 ± 9.9°) as compared with that of Labrador retrievers (between 5.7 ± 4.6° and 14.5 ± 2.6°), which corresponds to the more acute angle of the atlas in Chihuahuas. Individual differences for example, varying in amplitude or time of occurrence are reported.

The Role of Digital X-Ray in Curative Effect and Nursing Evaluation of Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy

The present study attempted to analyze the features of atlanto-occipital radiograph in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or vertebral artery type. In order to reduce the interference of human factors and the measurement error as much as possible, this experiment adopts the blind design and analyzes the digital format X-ray films by using the computer software ImageJ. Because the tangent line between the outer plates of the anterior and posterior margin of the foramen magnum was not accurately located on the X-ray film, the angle formed by the line between the saddle dorsal slope and the center point of the anterior and posterior nodule with a clear display was selected as the measurement method of the angle between the atlanto-occipital joints. The results showed that the lateral cervical curvature of the VCS group was 0.43 ± 0.51, and the lateral cervical curvature of the CSR group was 0.46 ± 0.49, both of which were significantly lower than the normal value (1.2 ± 0.5 cm). Patients in both groups had the characteristic of cervical curvature straightening. The changes of cervical curvature in overflexion and overextension positions can indirectly reflect the state of cervical motion. The anterior flexion neck curve of the VCS group was less than that of the CSR group ( P < 0.05 ). Compared with the CSR group, VCS showed limited cervical anterior flexion movement. In this study, X-ray films of both CSR and VCS showed occipitocervical flexion and extension disorders, cervical curvature straightening, and lower cervical instability. In VCS, occipitocervical flexion and extension disorders were mainly manifested in atlantoaxial flexion disorders, while in CSR, atlanto-occipitocervical flexion and extension disorders were mainly manifested in atlantoaxial flexion disorders.

CLINCIAL PRESENTATION AND ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MARKERS OF PID

INTRODUCTION: Pelvic inammatory disease (PID) comprises a spectrum of inammatory disorders of the upper female genital tract, including any combination of endometritis, salpingitis, Tubo-ovarian abscess, and pelvic peritonitis. The CDC has estimated that more than I Million women experience an episode of PID every year. Studies have reported prevalence ranging from 5.2% to 17.2% PID in various parts of India. Ultrasound:- TAS was initially used followed by use of TVS with Doppler in diagnosis of PID, although there are no large studies evaluating its sensitivity and or overall usefulness. Itis a frequentlyordered study in patients with classic symptoms of PID or who have unexplained, acute pelvic pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with a complaint of lower abdominal pain was included in the study. Diagnosis of PID was made and patient was followed in the outdoor clinic. Pelvic examination was made. USG was done. According to symptoms and clinical examination for PID patients, the data was recorded. Medical record of 120 patients from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2021 from a private clinic in Dist. Shivpuri were studied. RESULTS: In our study out of 120 cases, most of the patients 50.83% belonged to 26-30 years of age, a maximum number of patients were rural 83.33%. Most of the patients were educated below HSC 56.66%. Most of them 85% were married and most of them were multipara 56.66%. The most common presenting complaint was a pain in the abdomen (100%), followed by per vaginal discharge (65%), pain in the lower back (43.33%), abnormal uterine bleeding (40%), dysmenorrhoea (31.66%), dyspareunia (24.16), fever (17.5%) and others. On clinical examination abnormal PV discharge was present in 61.66% of cases, xed and retroverted uterus with or without thickend appendages were found in 55% of cases. Cervical motion tenderness was found in 78.33% of cases. Adnexal tenderness was found in 80% of cases but adnexal mass was found in 10.83% of cases. The most common nding on ultrasound scan was uid in the pouch of douglas 48.33%, followed by distal hydrosalphinx 28.33%, endometritis 18.33%, pyosalpinx 15%, TO Mass 13.33% and Pelvic collection in 10.83% of cases. CONCLUSION:The focus of this study was to identied socio-demographic characteristics of PID, to see the variety of presenting complaints and pelvic examination ndings and to correlate the clinical ndings with the USG ndings of PID. Much studies about the sensitivity & specicity of USG are not available, but this is denitely the most frequently ordered investigation in cases of PID. Transabdominal ndings of 'incomplete septa' 'cog wheel' 'beads on a strings' signs helps in distinguishing a dilated fallopian tube from other cystic adnexal masses To prevent long term sequelae PID should be the part of differential diagnosis in all patients aged 15-44 year with non specic abdominal pain.

Unruptured ectopic pregnancy with alive fetus

A woman aged 41, referred with spotting, abdominal and cervical motion tenderness and adnexal mass. βHCG was positive and ultrasonography confirmed tubal pregnancy with an alive fetus. Pathology showed intact dilated fallopian tube with a fetus of 10 weeks.Advanced tubal pregnancy is uncommon and never lead to alive fetus.

A study on the association of cervical spondylosis severity, as indicated by cervical motions, with hearing impairment

Study aim: The present study investigates the possible relation between the limitation of cervical motion in a patient with cervical spondylosis and hearing impairment. Material and methods: Cross-sectional research was performed based on 60 participants suffering from cervical spondylosis (CS) selected from an orthopaedic and physiotherapy department. The data collection techniques included questionnaire, electronic tools, measurements with a mechanical device including measuring the cervical range of motion (ROM) by goniometer, and physical examination including pure tone audiometry (PTA) and tympanogram. Results: Right rotation was the most common limitation, which affected 43 patients, followed by left rotation limitation, which was recorded in 40 patients. The extension, left lateral flexion, flexion, and right lateral flexion limitation showed less effect. Conclusions: Left rotation limitation was found to be an independent predictor of hearing impairment especially in men. Age was also a risk factor for sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL). These findings are important in the facilitation of investigating SNHL in cervical spondylosis patients.