acetabular defects
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Author(s):  
Max Jaenisch ◽  
Dieter Christian Wirtz ◽  
Hendrik Kohlhof ◽  
Martin Gathen ◽  
Koroush Kabir ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Acetabular defect recognition and classification remains a challenging field of practice for orthopedic surgeons. Recently, the Acetabular Defect Classification (ADC) has been introduced to provide a reliable, reproducible and intuitive classification system. In order to improve ease of use and efficiency of the ADC, a browser-based application has been created. We hypothesized that the ADC application can improve rating performance of non-specialists (medical students) to achieve good inter- and intra-rater agreement and will compare favorable to the results of specialists (experienced surgeons) without the help of the application. Materials and methods The ADC is based on the integrity of the acetabular rim and the supporting structures. It consists of four main types of defects ascending in severity. These defects are further subdivided in A–C, narrowing down defect location. 80 randomized radiographs were graded according to ADC by three non-specialists (medical students) with help of the ADC application and by three specialists (orthopedic surgeons) without help of the application to evaluate the difference in inter-rater agreement between groups. To account for intra-rater agreement, the rating process was repeated after a reasonable wash-out period. Results Inter-rater and intra-rater agreement within the non-specialist group rated lower when compared to the specialist group while still falling into the good agreement range. The student group presented with k values of 0.61 for inter-rater agreement and 0.68 for intra-rater agreement, while the surgeon group displayed k values of 0.72 for inter-rater agreement and 0.83 for intra-rater agreement. Conclusion The app-guided assessment of acetabular defects offers a promising innovative approach to simplify complex situations. It makes the challenging field of acetabular revision arthroplasty more approachable especially for less experienced surgeons and offers insight and guidance in the planning stage as well as intra-operative setting.


Arthroplasty ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baochao Ji ◽  
Guoqing Li ◽  
Xiaogang Zhang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Wenbo Mu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background In revision hip arthroplasty, managing the large protrusio acetabular defects remains a challenge. The report described a novel technique which employs a trabecular metal revision shell as a super-augment to buttress the superior medial structure. Methods Between January 2015 and December 2018, the multicup reconstruction was performed in 21 patients with severe protrusio acetabular defects. The revision shell, plus two similar porous acetabular components was implanted into the initial shell to create a “multicup” construct. The functional outcomes were evaluated in terms of the Harris Hip Score. Acetabular loosening, restoration of hip center of rotation, and bone ingrowth etc., were radiographically assessed. The survival rate of the implants was also evaluated. Results A followup lasting a mean time of 31 months (range, 18–57 months) revealed that the average Harris Hip Score improved from preoperative 37.0 ± 7.1 to postoperative 76.4 ± 9.0. There were no revisions due to acetabular loosening. The horizontal offset increased by an average of 14 mm, and the vertical offset decreased by an average of 18 mm. Eighteen of the 21 patients (86 %) met at least 3 of 5 criteria associated with bone ingrowth. The survivorship free from re-revision for acetabular loosening after 2 years was 100 %. Conclusions The multicup reconstruction technique was a simplified re-revision procedure for managing the severe protrusio acetabular defects and could achieve a high survival rate. Level of evidence Therapeutic study, Level IVa.


2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-289
Author(s):  
Cemil Ertürk ◽  
Simel Ayyıldız ◽  
Cevdet Erdöl

Objectives: In this study, we present the use of case specific three- dimensional (3D) printed plastic models and custom-made acetabular implants in orthopedic surgery. Materials and methods: Between March 2018 and September 2020, surgeries were simulated using plastic models manufactured by 3D printers on the two patients with pilon fractures. Also, custom-made acetabular implants were used on two patients with an acetabular bone defect for the revision of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Results: More comfortable surgeries were experienced in pilon fractures using preoperative plastic models. Similarly, during the follow-up period, the patients that applied custom-made acetabular implants showed a fixed and well-positioning in radiographic examination. These patients did not experience any surgical complications and achieved an excellent recovery. Conclusion: Preoperative surgical simulation with 3D printed models can increase the comfort of fracture surgeries. Also, custom-made 3D printed acetabular implants can perform an important task in patients treated with revision THA surgery due to severe acetabular defects.


Author(s):  
Michael-Alexander Malahias ◽  
Fabio Mancino ◽  
Alex Gu ◽  
Ivan De Martino ◽  
Danilo Togninalli ◽  
...  

AbstractSevere acetabular bone defects during revision total hip arthroplasty are often treated with a hemispherical shell and highly porous modular metal augments. Several papers have been already published reporting on the clinical performance of trabecular metal (TM) augments combined with a hemispherical shell for the management of severe acetabular defects. However, no systematic review of the literature has been published to date. The U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried for publications utilizing keywords pertinent to tantalum augments and TM (Zimmer Biomet, Warsaw, Indiana) augments, revision THA, clinical outcomes, and complications associated with these procedures. Fifteen articles were found to be suitable for inclusion in the present study, which included 769 revision cases where acetabular augments were used. The majority of acetabular bone defects were type 3 according to the Paprosky classification (type 2A in 58 cases, 7.2%; type 2B in 139 cases, 17.2%; type 2C in 72 cases, 8.9%; type 3A in 360 cases, 44.7%; and type 3B in 177 cases, 22.0%). The overall revision rate for the 769 acetabular revisions with augments was 5.7% (46 cases) at mean mid-term follow-up. The most common reasons for revision were dislocation (3.3%), periprosthetic joint infection (2.9%), and aseptic loosening (2.7%). TM augments combined with hemispherical shells were found to be effective in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acetabular bone defects with a 5% acetabular component revision rate at mean mid-term follow-up. The literature did not delineate whether pelvic discontinuity was associated with a higher risk of aseptic loosening after TM augment. Further studies are needed to clarify the impact of additional screw fixation on survival rates, and whether the type of augment (wedge augments, “flying buttress” augments, column augments), the configuration used, and the number of screws influence clinical and radiographic outcomes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
H. V. Haiko ◽  
V. M. Pidhaietskyi

The aim. To study the results of revision endoprosthetics in patients with aseptic instability of the components of the hip joint endoprosthesis. Materials and methods. The basis of this work was the analysis of the revision prosthetics results in 152 patients (158 cases) with aseptic instability of components of hip joint endoprosthesis, who underwent surgery at the State Institution “Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” between 2008 and 2018. Total instability in the endoprosthesis components was observed in 43 cases (27.2 %), acetabular component instability – in 65 cases (41.1 %), femoral component instability was detected in 50 cases (31.6 %). Endoprosthesis dislocation occurred mostly between 5 and 9 years after the primary surgery. Clinical, radiological and statistical methods were used in the work. Results. Patients with acetabular component instability showed the best results of revision replacement for Paprosky I, II types acetabular defects (t = 9.3, P < 0.05). The vast majority of components became unstabile between 5 and 9 years after the primary replacement. The results of unstable femoral component revisions did not reveal any significant difference between cemented and cementless types of component fixation 10 years after the procedure. Recurrent aseptic instability was observed only in 7 cases, 5 of which (71.4 %) were fixated with cement. In the case of total instability, there was no difference in the revision implantation results between the use of primary components alone and in the combination with revision reconstructive systems. Component stability constituted the great majority (35 cases, which was 81.4 %) of cases after 10 years (t = 7.3, P < 0.05). The recurrent instability of one component was observed in 8 cases, which represented 18.6 % of the total number of revisions. Conclusions. In patients with instability of acetabular and femoral components in the presence of Paprosky I–II bone defects, the results of the revision replacement were better when implanting primary components using cementless type of fixation. The use of revision antiprotrusion acetabular and elongate femoral modular or monoblock systems with cementless type of fixation achieved better results in Paprosky III type acetabular and femoral bone defects. The revision of cemented components showed significantly worse results and implant survival rate compared to cementless fixation technique.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Di Laura ◽  
Johann Henckel ◽  
Elisabetta Dal Gal ◽  
Mohammed Monem ◽  
Maria Moralidou ◽  
...  

Abstract Background 3D Surgical planning has become a key tool in complex hip revision surgery. The restoration of centre of rotation (CoR) of the hips and leg length (LL) are key factors in achieving good clinical outcome. Pelvic imaging is the gold standard for planning and assessment of LL. We aimed to better understand if 3D planning is effective at equalising LL when large acetabular defects are present. Materials and methods This was a prospective case study of 25 patients. We report the analysis of pre-operative LL status and planned LL restoration measured on CT, in relation to the achieved LL measured post-operatively in functional, weight bearing position. Our primary objective was the assessment of restoration of CoR as well as the anatomical and functional LL using biplanar full-length standing low-dose radiographs; our secondary objective was to evaluate the clinical outcome. Results Pre-operative intra-pelvic discrepancy between right and left leg was a mean of 28 mm (SD 17.99, min = 3, max = 60 mm). Post-operatively, the difference between right and left vertical femoral offset (VFO), or CoR discrepancy, was of 7.4 mm on average, significantly different from the functional LL discrepancy (median = 15 mm), p = 0.0024. Anatomical LLD was a median of 15 mm. In one case there was transient foot drop, one dislocation occurred 6 months post-operatively and was treated by closed reduction, none of the patients had had revision surgery at the time of writing. Mean oxford hip score at latest follow up was 32.1/48. Discussion This is the first study to investigate limb length discrepancy in functional position after reconstruction of large acetabular defects. We observed that VFO is not an optimal surrogate for LL when there is significant bone loss leading to length inequality, fixed flexion of the knee and abduction deformity. Conclusions Although challenging, LLD and gait abnormalities can be greatly improved with the aid of an accurate surgical planning. Surgeons and engineers should consider the integration of EOS imaging in surgical planning of reconstruction of large acetabular defects.


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