Pricing and Coordination Strategies of Dual Channels Considering Consumers’ Channel Preferences

With the rapid development of electronic commerce, consumers can freely buy the same product from a manufacturers’ Internet channel or a resellers’ physical channel. Based on the consumers’ channel preferences, this article classifies consumers into three types and investigates the price decision in a dual-channel supply chain using a Stackelberg game, which assumes that the manufacturer, as the game leader, first sets the wholesale price, then the reseller decides the retail price, according to the wholesale price. Furthermore, some numerical experiments are developed to investigate the impact of consumer acceptance, the degree of customer loyalty, and the proportion of identical shoppers on prices and profits. The results show that whether both the retail price and the wholesale price rise or fall depends on a combination of the cost of the physical channel and the Internet shopper’s acceptance of the Internet channel. The reseller’s profit is always lower than the manufacturer’s profit. The reseller’s profit is lower and the manufacturer’s profit is higher, compared with that of a traditional single channel supply chain. The numerical experiments showed that when an Internet shopper’s acceptance of an Internet channel is lower, the wholesale price and retail price in the dual channels will increase with an increase of the degree of customer loyalty (the proportion of identical shoppers). The reseller’s profit (the manufacturer’s profit) will reduce (rise) with the augmentation of the Internet shopper’s acceptance of an Internet channel. Finally, we design a revenue-sharing contract that can coordinate the supply chain and implement a win–win strategy for all partners. This work makes some contributions to the research area of coordination in dual-channel supply chains.

Miniaturized Microstrip Diplexer Based on FR4 Substrate for Wireless Communications

In this paper, the miniaturized microstrip diplexer has been designed for dual channels based on FR4 substrate material. It consists of two bandpass filters (BPFs) functioning under dissimilar frequency bands coupled with a unified junction. Every BPF has been created by a meandered line resonator, step impedance resonator, uniform impedance resonator, and input/output feed lines. The AWR electromagnetic simulator has been used for characterizing the frequency responses of the projected diplexer. Noble scattering parameter results with narrow band responses and negative group delay values are obtained for the proposed diplexer. The microstrip diplexer has an interesting band isolation between the two filters around 31 dB. The device has been successfully fabricated and verified with the simulations.

Charge Density Based Small Signal Modeling for InSb/AlInSb Asymmetric Double Gate Silicon Substrate HEMT for High Frequency Applications

The Asymmetric Double Gate Silicon Substrate HEMT(ADG-Si-HEMT) is proposed in this article to analyse the carrier concentration and intrinsic small signal parameters for the heterostructure of the InSb/AlInSb silicon wafer DG-HEMT device. When the top and bottom gates are biased with different gate voltages, the HEMTs act as a three-port system and the device called Asymmetric Double Gate HEMT. The modulation of back-channel charge density due to the front gate voltage is analyzed with the position of quasi-Fermi energy levels(Ef). Also, the small signal model is obtained for various parameters like cut off frequency, gate to source capacitance and transconductance. The effects of the following parameters like delta doping, width of Silicon doping layer and various top and bottom gate voltages are analyzed to get enhanced device operation. The transconductance 2390 Sm/mm for Vfg=0.2V and cut off frequency around 197 GHz for Vbg=0.3 are obtained. All the analytical results are compared with Sentaurus 3-D TCAD simulation results. The asymmetric biasing technique offers various mixed application due to modulation in threshold voltage and modulating carrier density in dual channels.

The Availability of Reporting Channels, Tone at the Top, and Whistleblowing Intentions

SOX requires the establishment of anonymous whistleblowing channels for public companies, but private companies are free to implement the channel(s) of their choosing. Although anonymous channels have long been considered a “best practice”, the evidence on their efficacy is mixed, creating confusion as to how private companies should proceed. Additionally, most studies comparing non-anonymous and anonymous channels have used a within-participants design, where both channels are available, limiting their ability to determine the incremental effectiveness of different whistleblowing systems. We find that offering either an anonymous channel or dual channels improves reporting intentions, relative to a non-anonymous channel, but primarily when tone at the top is weak. When tone at the top is strong, reporting intentions are not statistically different across the three systems. We also find no evidence that dual channels improve whistleblowing intentions relative to an anonymous channel, regardless of the tone at the top.

All-order quartic couplings in highly symmetric D-brane-anti-D-brane systems

We compute six-point string amplitudes for the scattering of one closed string Ramond-Ramond state, two tachyons and two gauge fields in the worldvolume of D-brane-anti-D-brane systems in the Type II superstring theories. From the resulting S-matrix elements, we read off the precise form of the couplings, including their exact numerical coefficients, of two tachyons and two gauge fields in the corresponding highly symmetric effective field eheory (EFT) Lagrangian in the worldvolume of D-brane-Anti-D-brane to all orders in α′, which modify and complete previous proposals. We verify that the EFT reproduces the infinite collection of stringy gauge field singularities in dual channels. Inspired by interesting similarities between the all-order highly symmetric EFTs and holographic duals of Vasiliev’s higher spin gravities à là Nilsson and Vasiliev, we make a proposal for tensionless limits of D-brane-anti-D-brane systems.

Fenestration of the cavernous internal carotid artery associated with a persistent primitive trigeminal artery

Fenestration of the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is an extremely rare variant with unknown clinical significance. We present two cases of this variant, both of which were associated with a persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA). Large dual channels of the ICA were seen extending from the part immediately distal to the origin of the PPTA to the C3 segment of the ICA. We speculate that coexistence of the two vascular anomalies might be due to failed regression or a remnant of the primitive arterial network during the same early gestation period in which development of the PTA takes place (3-5 mm crown-rump length stage).