Pipelines represent a very important part of the energy infrastructure. They ensure an economical, safe and continuous transport of fluids, in generally of oil crudes and natural gases. As time goes, pipelines of transporting oil and natural gas (more, buried and high-pressure pipeline) are subjected to loads and environmental effects which may cause them to become degraded with. Pipelines may suffer degradation from a variety of causes, as: corrosion, mechanical damage, stress cracking etc. As pipelines age and the degradation mechanisms become more problematic, it is recognised that the integrity of those pipelines must be proactively managed. All pipeline operators are well aware of this, and at this problem. Evident, the prudent operators have active programs, - timely intervention programs to assure continuing pipeline transporting fluids -, more, to mitigate deterioration and to repair defective pipes. Another important aspect is forecasting corrosion over a period of time in order to predict the possibility of pipeline failure (in other words, defect rate versus time to failure). A variety of techniques are used depending on the nature of the pipeline and the perceived problems. Some of the basic techniques are described in this article.