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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Schrom ◽  
Carina Marquez ◽  
Genay Pilarowski ◽  
Grace Wang ◽  
Anthea Mitchell ◽  
...  

In 731 persons seeking COVID-19 testing at a walk-up San Francisco community site in January 2022, simultaneous nasal rapid antigen testing (BinaxNOWTM) and RT-PCR testing was performed. There were 296 (40.5%) positive tests by RT-PCR; 97% of a random sample were the omicron variant. Sensitivity of a single antigen test was 95.2% (95% CI 92-98%); 82.1% (95% CI 77-87%) and 65.2% (95% CI 60-70%) for Ct threshold of < 30, < 35 and no threshold, respectively. A single BinaxNowTM rapid antigen test detected 95% of high viral load omicron cases from nasal specimens. As currently recommended, repeat testing should be done for high- risk persons with an initial negative antigen test result.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie J Sun ◽  
Mary Jane E Vaeth ◽  
Matthew L Robinson ◽  
Maryam Elhabashy ◽  
Ishaan Gupta ◽  
...  

SARS-CoV-2 continues to develop new, increasingly infectious variants, such as delta and omicron. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of the Abbott BinaxNOW Rapid Antigen Test against the gold standard of Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in 1054 pediatric participants presenting to a state-owned high-volume Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing site. During the testing period, the delta variant was predominant. Prior to sample collection, symptomatic and exposure status was collected for all participants based on Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria. RT-PCR results demonstrated an overall prevalence rate of 5.2%. For all participants, the sensitivity of the rapid antigen tests was 92.7% (95% CI 82.4% - 98.0%) and specificity was 98.0% (95% CI 97.0%-98.8%). For symptomatic participants, the sensitivity was 92.3% (95% CI 74.9% - 99.1%), specificity was 96.6% (95% CI 93.6%- 98.4%), positive predictive value (PPV) was 72.7% (95% CI 54.5% - 86.7%) and negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.2% (95% CI 98.2% - 100%). Among asymptomatic participants, the sensitivity was 92.6% (95% CI 75.7% - 99.1%), specificity was 98.6% (95% CI 97.5% - 99.3%) the PPV was 71.4% (95% CI 53.7% - 85.4%) and the NPV was 99.7% (95% CI 99.0% - 100%). Our reported sensitivity and NPV are higher than other pediatric studies, but specificity and PPV are lower. Importance Children are especially impacted by the disease and its ability to disrupt educational opportunities. Although vaccinations have been approved for children 5 years and older, many children remain unvaccinated. Widespread testing may improve the ability for children to remain in in-person activities, minimizing absences from school and extracurriculars. Highly accurate rapid antigen tests may be vital to containing future COVID-19 waves while mitigating detrimental effects.


2022 ◽  
Vol 962 (1) ◽  
pp. 012040
Author(s):  
V B Venslavsky ◽  
Yu V Kharin

Abstract In January-March, 2020-2021, radiophysical studies were conducted of radiothermal radiation intensity for the testing site for Lake Arakhley, Transbaikalia, Russia. The set of equipment consisting of four microwave radiometers for the wavelengths from 0.3 to 2 cm was placed on the shore of the lake mounted on a stationary platform. The temperature and deformation of ice were simultaneously measured at the depth of 0.4 meters in two orthogonal directions: west-east and north-south. The temperature was measured with heat gauges in a vertical profile at the depths of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 cm. In the process of contact measurements in the period of cracking, signal impulses were recorded in the channel of the deformation sensor placed in the direction of the lake center (west-east). The measurement results were used in monitoring of the condition of the water body. It turned out that in the periods of registering the deformation impulses, changes in the radio brightness temperature and decrease in the ice temperature were observed. The microwave characteristics correlate with the temperature and deformation of the ice cover and may serve as an indicator of the meteorological conditions of the region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Zymaroieva ◽  
Tetiana Fedoniuk ◽  
Nadiia Yorkina ◽  
Viktoria Budakova ◽  
Taras Melnychuk

The level of reacreation load on the components of urban green areas is increasing, so identifying the effective management tools in these ecosystems is becoming crucial for ensuring the maintenance of soil biota habitats. The purpose of this study is to reveal a pattern of structuring community of soil macrofauna under a recreational impact based on an ecomorphic approach. The article assesses the level of recreational transformation of the soil macrofauna of public green spaces in the city of Melitopol on the territory of Novooleksandrivskyi Park. For research purposes, a testing site was allocated in an area with a high level of recreational load, with samples taken within this site. To collect soil macrofauna and assess soil properties at each point of the testing site, soil and zoological tests were carried out and the following soil indicators were measured: temperature, electrical conductivity, humidity and soil penetration resistance, litter depth and grass stand height. The community ordination was performed using two approaches: OMI and RLQ analysis. The study found that the ecological niches of soil macrofauna in recreational conditions are spatially structured. The main factors for structuring the ecological niche of soil macrofauna within the study area are soil penetration resistance in the range of the entire measured layer, soil moisture, and distance to trees. As for the number of species, the basis of the coenomorphic structure of soil macrofauna are silvants (45.5%) and pratants (24.2%). As for the species abundance, the basis of the coenomorphic structure of macrofauna comprises pratants (64.5%), slightly less stepants (19.1%) and silvants (16.1%), and sporadic occurrence of paludants (0.2%). Such coenomorphic structure can be considered as ecologically labile. Zoophages, hemiaerophobes, and megatrophs are tolerant to a high level of recreational load. The area corresponding to the highest level of recreational load is vacant. This indicates factual absence of soil macrofauna species that could exist amid intense recreational exposure


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260894
Author(s):  
Zsofia Igloi ◽  
Jans Velzing ◽  
Robin Huisman ◽  
Corine Geurtsvankessel ◽  
Anoushka Comvalius ◽  
...  

Background Performance of the SD Biosensor saliva antigen rapid test was evaluated at a large designated testing site in non-hospitalized patients, with or without symptoms. Method All eligible people over 18 years of age presenting for a booked appointment at the designated SARS-CoV-2 testing site were approached for inclusion and enrolled following verbal informed consent. One nasopharyngeal swab was taken to carry out the default antigen rapid test from which the results were reported back to the patient and one saliva sample was self-taken according to verbal instruction on site. This was used for the saliva antigen rapid test, the RT-PCR and for virus culture. Sensitivity of the saliva antigen rapid test was analyzed in two ways: i, compared to saliva RT-PCR; and ii, compared to virus culture of the saliva samples. Study participants were also asked to fill in a short questionnaire stating age, sex, date of symptom onset. Recommended time of ≥30mins since last meal, drink or cigarette if applicable was also recorded. The study was carried out in February-March 2021 for 4 weeks. Results We could include 789 people with complete records and results. Compared to saliva RT-PCR, overall sensitivity and specificity of the saliva antigen rapid test was 66.1% and 99.6% which increased to 88.6% with Ct ≤30 cutoff. Analysis by days post onset did not result in higher sensitivities because the large majority of people were in the very early phase of disease ie <3 days post onset. When breaking down the data for symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, sensitivity ranged from 69.2% to 50% respectively, however the total number of RT-PCR positive asymptomatic participants was very low (n = 5). Importantly, almost all culture positive samples were detected by the rapid test. Conclusion Overall, the potential benefits of saliva antigen rapid test, could outweigh the lower sensitivity compared to nasopharyngeal antigen rapid test in a comprehensive testing strategy, especially for home/self-testing and in vulnerable populations like elderly, disabled or children where in intrusive testing is either not possible or causes unnecessary stress.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gabrielle Gill

<p>This research operates at the nexus between actual and virtual space. In interior architecture we can use tools to produce virtual experience, being immersed in a world or space different to your physical location. These tools can include, but are not limited to, actual materials, forms, spaces, and arrangements. Virtual space is described as the non-material spatial experience. This experience disconnects us from the physical actual environment that we live in. The best example of this is that of a cinematic experience. When we watch a film in a cinema, the actual physical environment we usually occupy is re-contextualised through a lack of light; our focus is then given to the light and movement produced by the projected image where we become encapsulated by this sense of virtual that we cannot control. We experience a sense of space different to our own and occupy this space although it remains less tangible than the physical world we live in.   This thesis proposes a redesign to the public areas for the site of — Ngā Taonga Sound and Vision in Wellington. Currently, the only access the public has to the collection is through digital means, a small cinema and collection of computers in the media library. This project aims to create engaging, embodied encounters with the digital collection of Ngā Taonga Sound and Vision through a series of interior installations within the site. These installations extend the virtual interior created by the sound and moving images further into the boundaries of the actual, physical interior.   The exhibition spaces of Ngā Taonga Sound and Vision offer a rich testing site, and provokes the question, how can we create more immersive, engaging encounters of the incredible films collected by Ngā Taonga? The purpose of an archive is to preserve the past for future generations. Although the site currently allows some opportunities for the public to access the collection, it lacks a sense of immersion that can be explored through interior architecture interventions.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gabrielle Gill

<p>This research operates at the nexus between actual and virtual space. In interior architecture we can use tools to produce virtual experience, being immersed in a world or space different to your physical location. These tools can include, but are not limited to, actual materials, forms, spaces, and arrangements. Virtual space is described as the non-material spatial experience. This experience disconnects us from the physical actual environment that we live in. The best example of this is that of a cinematic experience. When we watch a film in a cinema, the actual physical environment we usually occupy is re-contextualised through a lack of light; our focus is then given to the light and movement produced by the projected image where we become encapsulated by this sense of virtual that we cannot control. We experience a sense of space different to our own and occupy this space although it remains less tangible than the physical world we live in.   This thesis proposes a redesign to the public areas for the site of — Ngā Taonga Sound and Vision in Wellington. Currently, the only access the public has to the collection is through digital means, a small cinema and collection of computers in the media library. This project aims to create engaging, embodied encounters with the digital collection of Ngā Taonga Sound and Vision through a series of interior installations within the site. These installations extend the virtual interior created by the sound and moving images further into the boundaries of the actual, physical interior.   The exhibition spaces of Ngā Taonga Sound and Vision offer a rich testing site, and provokes the question, how can we create more immersive, engaging encounters of the incredible films collected by Ngā Taonga? The purpose of an archive is to preserve the past for future generations. Although the site currently allows some opportunities for the public to access the collection, it lacks a sense of immersion that can be explored through interior architecture interventions.</p>


Author(s):  
Zishan K. Siddiqui ◽  
Mihir Chaudhary ◽  
Matthew L. Robinson ◽  
Anna B. McCall ◽  
Ria Peralta ◽  
...  

The BinaxNOW rapid antigen COVID-19 test had a sensitivity of 87% in symptomatic and 71% asymptomatic individuals when performed by health care workers in a high-throughput setting. The performance may expedite isolation decisions or referrals for time-sensitive monoclonal antibody treatment in communities where timely COVID PCR tests are unavailable.


Health Equity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 840-846
Author(s):  
Jamie Naso ◽  
Susy Rojas ◽  
James Peng ◽  
Carina Marquez ◽  
Maria Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
A. V. Kurepin ◽  
A. F. Pershin ◽  
V. N. Shevkunov

Relevance. When growing cucumbers in a greenhouse not equipped with additional lighting, especially in winter, there is a shortage of solar energy. To obtain high yields of cucumber at this time, it is necessary to select the most resistant to low light hybrids. The selection of genotypes resistant to this trait is a very important stage in the selection of cucumber for winter-spring turnover.The purpose of the study: search for an easy-to-use method for early diagnosis of cucumber resistance to insufficient illumination.Methods. The research was carried out at the variety testing site in the Gavrish Breeding Center (Krymsk city) of the Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Crop Breeding, in winter-spring turnover conditions, in greenhouses not equipped with artificial lighting. Seedlings were planted in a permanent place in the greenhouse during the period of the lowest arrival of solar radiation in the year on December 21. The measurement of the height of the main stem was carried out on 31 days after planting the plants in a permanent place.Results. Measuring the height of the main stem before fruiting showed a significant variation of this trait in different cucumber hybrids. Further study of the correlation of the height of the main stem and yield revealed their high dependence. This fact suggests that a fairly simple measurable parameter has been found for evaluating different cucumber genotypes on the basis of resistance to low light. Regression analysis made it possible to divide the variability of the studied genotypes by yield into a dependent part of the height of the main stem and an additional one, which makes up to 30% of the yield increase. Further analysis of the high-yielding group has a high breeding value.


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