ASSESSMENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WITHIN LAKE NATIONAL PARK AND ITS ENVIRONS

Lake Nakuru National Park is choking of solid and liquid waste pollutants emanating from upstream more so during the windy and rainy seasons. Due to the nature of terrains, most of the flashflood water and the drainage system find its way to the lake. The strong winds from the upper area of the town collect waste which ends up on top of the forest trees around the lake. Further, at times the sewer system bursts and discharges the raw sewer to the park. These unfortunate incidences lead to damage or destruction of the ecosystem that has been protected over the years. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on Industrial Waste Management within Nakuru Environs and Lake National Park. The study adopted Stakeholders and Institutional theories for its study. A sample of 55 employees of Lake Nakuru National Park and 15 Community Business Leaders were used for the study. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and interview schedule. It was established that an effective industrial waste management practices on the environment has positive economic effects for businesses prosperity, flora and fauna conservation as well as a sustainable environmental. Environmental conservation awareness trainings for most businesses had been undertaken. Most of the business people held some sense of responsibility on managing waste as they conduct their businesses but the issue mainly lies on the part of the consumer’s disposal of packaging materials. Consumers were also becoming increasingly aware, sensitive and alive to the fact that a clean and safe environment is important. The emerging model shows the need to shift from the traditional 3Rs to 5Rs, owing to changes in national environmental policies, which emphasis on the use of Repackaging of products in terms of quality management, and reduce as additional waste management practices, thus, a shift from the 3Rs to 5Rs. The study recommended that the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources should mobilize financial, technical and physical resources for building the capacity of the local community, and the business community towards effective industrial waste management. There should be strict compliance to industrial waste management policies by all stakeholders. Emphasis on the 5R’S from the marketing perspective was also recommended. This way, waste will be minimized and the environment will be conserved. The recommendations will be beneficial to the County Government, the Business Community as well as the Park Management. It can also assist the National government in formulating policies that can assist in addressing issues to do with environmental concerns and management. KEY WORDS: Corporate Social Responsibility, Industrial Waste Management, Environmental Education Programs, Waste Management Infrastructure, Recycling

Recent advances and prospects for industrial waste management and product recovery for environmental appliances

Any material when utilized for a required period of time and segment, the leftover residues of those materials are known as waste. Enormous waste is generated during such wear and tear process of materials depending on the usage and functions in a routine lifestyle. Those generated waste when overloaded beyond the capacity of natural recycling processes, would influence the environment and human health. Hence, the waste generated from used materials should be managed according to the environmental impact. Even though wastes are also sometimes rich in organic compounds, nutrients, and energy resources, they are not experimented and managed appropriately. Recently, different feasible techniques are invented and followed to recover and reuse the efficient resources that can create and support sustainable livelihood by creating green economy effects by reducing waste. In this chapter, the emphasis has been given to providing an overview of recent advancements on bio-based waste management and product recoveries such as microbes mediated approaches, biorefineries for waste valorization, and bioenergy from industrial waste.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE REAL-TIME PCR METHODOLOGY FOR TESTING MYCOTOXIGENIC MICROORGANISMS IN GRAPE MARC

Agro-industrial waste management is an important problem of modern society as agriculture and food industry are important sources of waste. Wine production generates a considerable amount of winemaking waste (grape marc). Grape marc can be a source of natural dyes, antioxidants and could have various applications, if it is confirmed that it does not contain technogenic contaminants or unwanted microorganisms, for example, producers of mycotoxins. The paper developed the Real -Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-Time PCR) methodology for testing the presence of potentially mycotoxogenic fungal species capable of producing ochratoxin A (OTA), which could be applied before grape marc processing. Based on the non-ribosomal peptide sequence of OTA, involved in ochratoxin biosynthesis, the primers have been developed for the detection of microorganisms potentially capable of producing ochratoxin A.

Industrial waste—A valuable source of rare metals or a reclamation object?

The scope of the analysis embraces nine types of industrial waste: low-grade ore piles, pyrite cinder dumps, tailings dumps, wet magneti c separation and flotation tailings ponds, phosphogypsum piles, red mud ponds, as well as dumps of metallurgical and electric power industries. The prospects of using the industrial waste as a source for production of rare metals, rare earths and other by-products are discussed. The practical interest lies only in the use of low-grade ore and pyrite cinder. Recovery of valuable components from the other types of industrial waste is incapable to solve the problem connected with the waste management but can only aggravate it. It is expedient to extract valuable components from waste of current processing, in amount to be sufficient to satisfy the related demand. To this effect, it is necessary to create new no-waste technologies. This is the way taken by Russia’s largest companies RUSAL and ROSTEC: reduction in cost of the main production releases finds for the implementation of environmental and nature-oriented activities.The problem connected with the use of many millions of tons of ecologically hazardous old waste is solved in a big way by means of reclamation, which is only possible in association with the government, through establishment of a public institution on industrial waste management.

Industrial Waste Management in Pakistan: Problems and Prospects

The disposal of industrial waste is a serious issue in almost every developed and underdeveloped nation. Fast-growing industrialization and urbanization have severly affected the environment and water quality. The developed states have developed techniques to dispose of industrial waste. However, as it is very expensive, so underdeveloped states are lacking behind in the technology of industrial waste disposal. This paper will explore different aspects of Industrial waste, such as the causes of industrial waste and its effects on the population. This research is supported by the survey from the around 300 people of Multan to know about the perception of the general public about industrial waste management. The paper concludes with the recommendations that government, industrialists and civil society can jointly resolve the issue of industrial waste by taking different measures on their part.