Mites occurring in farm buildings as allergic agents and indicators in forensic analyses

Storage mites, especially several species in the families Acaridae, Glycyphagidae, and Chortoglyphidae are commonly found in farming and occupational environments. They are a source of clinically important allergens, and may also have a significant impact on forensic analyses. They may be of use in forensic situations, particularly as allergenic taxa, in relation to workers who are occupationally exposed to mites. Additionally, because many of them are present through all stages of vertebrate decomposition, they may provide valuable information as indicators of time and circumstances of death. This study aimed to investigate the possible occurrence and abundance of allergenic mites in farm buildings, as well as to examine and analyse collected material samples in relation to forensic medicine. A total of 58 samples from 15 farms in the Żywiecki district (Silesian Province, Poland) were examined as potential sources of allergenic mites in farm buildings with a special reference to forensic acarology. Mites were found in all the examined samples. A total of 4,473 specimens were isolated and 22 mite species were identified. Most of them were found in barns and pigsties. The species composition of the acarofauna was varied across the particular types of farm buildings examined. Generally, the dominant species were representatives of families Acaridae and Glycyphagidae (Astigmatina). This knowledge may be useful in a variety of cases or situations in the field of forensic medicine.

Formation of ANFO Analogues under Fire Conditions in the Presence of Common Plastics

This article is a continuation of a case study in which we presented the results of research on processes generated under fire conditions by mixing molten ammonium nitrate (AN) with selected polymers. Here, we present an analysis of how certain materials, which may frequently appear in farm buildings and are commonly used in the immediate vicinity of humans, can potentially form explosives. The chosen materials include polyamides (PA) from which the wear-resistant machine elements are made (e.g., high-performance gears, wheels of transport trolleys); polyvinyl chloride (PVC) used, i.e., in construction carpentry, electrical insulation, and hydraulic pipes; polystyrene (PS) used, i.e., in insulation and containers; and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), i.e., so-called organic glass and plexiglass. The research results showed that these seemingly harmless and safe materials, mixed with AN and heated under fire conditions, may turn into explosives and stimulate stored AN. This creates significant risks of an uncontrolled fire progress.

ANALYSIS OF A LAYOUT SOLUTION OF DESIGN BY CTU STUDENTS – ÚŠTĚK RECTORY

The main objective of this paper is to compare student projects of café and restaurant interior in the preserved building of the rectory in a monument reservation in the centre of the town Úštěk. There are six projects dealing with suitability of café and restaurant in the building of the rectory. Students designed interiors and they also worked on the layout of the building with the adjacent courtyard and farm buildings, including their modifications. The article analyses and compares individual student works in terms of the use of areas for individual functions of operation and the number of seats for guests.

Features of the formation of land plots for servicing utility buildings and road transport structures

The article examines the process of forming land plots for the maintenance of farm buildings and structures of road transport. It is substantiated that the specifics of the category of land for industry, transport, communications, energy, defense and other purposes is that their formation as an independent category of land is largely due to the withdrawal or redemption of land from agricultural or forestry production. The peculiarities of allotment of land plots for commercial use, in particular, land plots for servicing of economic buildings and constructions of motor transport are substantiated. The stages of construction of road transport facilities and the list of documents that the project customer, in addition to the design assignment, provides to the project organization. Rationale for the formation of land for maintenance of commercial buildings and structures of road transport was considered in the Pryluky district of Chernihiv region.

New life of old buildings. Longing for change

Buying, restoring and remodeling old residential and farm buildings is an ongoing phenomenon. It is mainly visible in rural areas, especially near large cities and in areas well-connected to such cities. The aim of this study is to determine what factors influence this process and how the activities resulting from such transformations fall within contemporary principles of construction development. The chosen research methodology was the analysis of factors that influence the aforementioned activities. The paper describes the contemporary possibilities for adapting and adjusting old facilities to current requirements. Moreover, it shows how such projects are connected to ecology. The paper closes with conclusions related to the positive effects of reusing existing, old facilities on the society and environmental protection.

Spontaneous dialect texts about residential and commercial buildings

The article analyzes the features of uncluttered spontaneous dialect texts about the construction of housing, outbuildings, interiors, recorded at different times in the Ukrainian East Slobozhan dialects. The author focuses on identifying features of their cognitive and lexical-semantic structure. It is proved that dialect text (DT) is a semantic phenomenon. That is why, depending on the content of the report, you can select several parts. Consequently, it is analyzed in terms of semantics and structure. This allows you to combine dialect texts depending on the topic in them. It is noteworthy that in the texts of one topic can be identified micro-themes that unfold more broadly or more narrowly. Memorable texts are generally characterized by ease of communication, generalization of information associated with the use of imperfective verbs of the past tense plural or singular, which convey long repetitive actions, processes or states, dissected or undissected, occurring in a certain period of time before speech. Usuality, generalization are also conveyed by present tense verbs of the third person plural with indefinite-personal meaning. Spontaneously modeled texts update the nominative chain of vocabulary associated with common names of housing, farm buildings, their parts, etc. The meaning of tokens is usually specified in relation to the features of the denotation, time slice, syntagmatics, formal structure. These units make up the lexical-semantic matrix of the text, which is closely connected with the culture and way of life of the inhabitants of the region. DT accumulates and transmits information about the patterns of spontaneous (without external interference) text and demonstrates the trends of its development. In general, the structure of the text, trends in its creation and selection of structural elements often show patterns of systemic organization of speech, consisting in a verbal presentation of collective and individual experience of housing, farm buildings, established forms of mutual assistance, production of building materials, management principles.

A Few Words About the Ice House of the Konsum Store in the Nineteenth-Century Priest’s Mill Factory and Residential Complex in Łódź

The issue of ice houses, both those found among manor and farm buildings and those connected with industrial plants, is a research issue frequently raised in many countries of Western Europe and in the United States. In the Polish literature, however, it does not attract much interest, which is why knowledge of it – or at least the knowledge shared – is usually limited to the awareness of the existence of ice houses and their purpose, and only occasionally do they become subjects of more extensive research. This also concerns the very material substance of such buildings. In 2015, on the Priest’s Mill estate in Łodź, erected along with the extension of Karol Scheibler’s cotton plant at the beginning of the 1870s, rescue excavations were conducted under the supervision of archaeologists Maciej Milczarek and Zbigniew Rybacki. They concerned the remains of an ice house built for the estate general store (including a grocery) called Konsum. Its preserved form is a result of a few construction stages completed in quick succession. During the third one (between 1883/1884 and 1889) the ice house we are interested in was built. It was not big as its capacity was approximately 100 cubic metres, and its structure was rather typical of larger industrial ice houses, with the upper (aboveground) chamber used as an ice warehouse, and the lower (underground) chamber serving as the store’s cold storage. Most probably, it was not used for long, however, there is no data that would allow to determine the time of its liquidation.

Lezhnytsia, “Chub” site – an example of functioning of a settlement microregion of the funnel beaker culture in Ukraine

The aim of this article is an attempt to reconstruct the settlement network and settlement conditions for the Funnel Beaker Culture (FBC) site «Chub» in Lezhnytsia near Ivanychi, in the Volhynian Upland. The excavation research carried out in this place in 1933-1934 and in 1962 uncovered the vast FBC settlement with stable dwelling and farm buildings (7 immovable constructions in total). The collection of movable artefacts allows us to relate the functioning of the settlement to the last quarter of the fourth thousandBC and makes it parallel with the sites type Gródek II, Zymne II in the Volhynian Upland and Vynnyky, site «Lysivka» and Mali Hrybovychi, site «Chorna Hora» in Roztocze. Due to the amount of exploration studies and information obtained about the microregion around Lezhnytsia, it is one of the best archaeologically recognized areas in Ukraine. Favourable environmental conditions (soil, river network system) and the presence of natural resources (flint and copper) had a great impact on the settlement concentration there. Speaking ofthe sites, their various functions have been discovered (settlements, camps, traces of economic activity, mass finds of flint artefacts). Regarding the preserved layout of the FBC settlement points around Lezhnytsia, certain features of spatial organization can be found. As for the central parts of the analyzed area, there are settlements together with a large number of single finds («treasures» of flint blades) in their vicinity, as well as smaller settlements. They are accompanied by small sites that were probably only used occasionally or temporally. These systems resemble structures known from other areas of Ukraine (Vynnyky, Zymne) and the upper Vistula basin of that period. The TRB communities living in the Lezhnytsia region, due to the network of trade connections, played an important role in the cultural transformations in the fourth thousand BC. Their effect was the distribution of local West Volhynian flint of the Turonian period to the western regions of the TRB range (i.e. to the Vistula basin) and the cultural elements related to the Baden culture in eastern areas (a central part of the Horyn basin). Key words: Funnel Beaker Culture, Volhynian Upland, microregional studies.

Religious Rites and Holidays of Mordovian-Erzya, Related to Housing and Economic Buildings

Introduction. The article discusses the religious rites and holidays of the Mordovian-Erzya associated with housing and outbuildings. The venue for a large number of them was the house (kudo). Currently, many of these traditions have been lost or transformed under the influence of Christianity. The authors pay attention to the relics of the ordinary culture of the Mordva-Erzya surviving at the present stage. Materials and Methods. The research is based on traditional methods of ethnographic science, such as field observation, questioning and interviews, and an integrated approach. Of the methods of historical science, comparative-historical, historical-genetic, problem-chronological, structural-system were used. Among the general scientific research methods, logical, descriptive-narrative, generalization, classification and systematization were involved. To achieve the results of the study, we mainly used materials collected by the authors during field surveys conducted in Erzya-Mordovian villages. Results and Discussion. In the traditional rituals of the Mordovian-Erzya, housing and outbuildings play an important role. They are not only the venue for many ceremonies and festivals, but also have their divine patrons, so people have endowed many buildings with sacred and magical properties. Structural and architectural details of the home have always tried to decorate. At the same time, the traditional decor bore a sacred and protective meaning. Since ancient times, Mordovian has been in contact with many peoples, which has affected its material and spiritual culture. Currently, many Mordovian-Erzya traditions have transformed, but have not completely disappeared. Co-stored, for example, are some wedding and, especially, funeral and memorial rites. The desire to bury and commemorate relatives according to the rules established in the popular milieu became the reason for the existence and passing on of this ritual to subsequent generations. Conclusion. Basically, the dwelling was the venue for maternity, wedding and funeral ceremonies. Therefore, the Mordovian-Erzya especially appreciated and protected her house (kudo) from evil spirits. On holidays, they sought to decorate the house, and ozks prayers were dedicated to the housekeepers, which often ended in offering them sacrificial food. Currently, many rituals and traditions are forgotten, others exist in a transformed form. However, housing and farm buildings play an important role in the life and culture of the Mordovian people.

Residential and farm buildings of the 14 – first half of the 17 centuries Rivne citizens according to the materials of archeological researches of 2007-2010

Автор описує результати археологічних розкопок, які не лише виявили особливі риси житлової та господарської забудови пізньосередньовічного і ранньомодерного Рівного, а й дали важливий матеріал для подальшого вивчення топографії міста. В історії його забудови виділено три основні етапи, що датуються XIV-XV ст., кінцем XV-XVI ст. і кінцем XVI – першою половиною XVII ст.