Morphological characterization of remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in Central Brazil

This study aimed to carry out the morphological characterization of the remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in municipalities of the state of Goiás, Brazil. Forty male horses were evaluated using the age of five years as a criterion. Sixteen linear measurements and 13 zootechnical indices were obtained. Subsequently, the mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and covariances of these measures and indices were obtained using the software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. The measures withers height (WH), croup height (CH), midback height (MH), sternum-to-ground height (SH), chest index (CI), and estimated weight (W) allowed characterizing Curraleiro horses as small-sized, light, and fast, with proportional measures. The dactyl-thoracic index (DTI), body index (BI), conformation index (CFI), load index 1 and 2 (LOI1 and LOI2), and compactness index 1 and 2 (COI1 and COI2) showed that the Curraleiro horse has an intermediate capacity for speed and strength, bearing considerable weight on the back, with saddling aptitude and fast work. These results represent the beginning of the formation of a database that may contribute to future studies and the conservation of the Curraleiro horse in the state of Goiás.

Body composition of Tashkent school-aged boys

Background: Body composition in periods of childhood, puberty and adolescent is a marker of metabolic changes that occur during these periods of growth and maturation, and, thus, it is an important information regarding child and adolescent health. Purpose: The purpose is to study the age-related body index mass and body composition in the different age school boys in Tashkent city. Method: Boys body composition was measured by analyzer “Tanita BC 543” (Japan) in the morning between 9.00-10.00 p.m. Body composition parameters were determined in boys of three stage of development: childhood (seven year old), early adolescence (twelve year old), and late adolescence age (eighteen year old). Results: The obtained data show that as boys grow and develop, mass of all body components increased. The greatest increase was in adipose tissue, and the least one was in content of bone minerals. It was found 7-year-old children were underweight, but by the age of 18 there weight approached the normal value. However, weight normalization occurs due to an increase in adipose tissue. It is indirectly indicated a growing risk in the boys predisposition to the diabetes.

Detection of 15-bp Deletion Mutation within PLAG1 Gene and Its Effects on Growth Traits in Goats

Stature and weight are important growth and development traits for animals, which also significantly affect the productivity of livestock. Polymorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is located in the growth-related quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN), and its variation has been determined to significantly affect the body stature of bovines. This study found that novel 15-bp InDel could significantly influence important growth traits in goats. The frequencies of genotypes of the 15-bp mutation and relationship with core growth traits such as body weight, body height, height at hip cross, chest circumference, hip width and body index were explored in 1581 individuals among 4 Chinese native goat breeds. The most frequent genotypes of Shaanbei white Cashmere goat (SWCG), Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goat (IMCG) and Guanzhong Dairy goat (GZDG) were II genotypes (insertion/insertion), and the frequency of ID genotype (insertion/deletion) was found to be slightly higher than that of II genotype in Hainan Black goat (HNBG), showing that the frequency of the I allele was higher than that of the D allele. In adult goats, there were significant differences between 15-bp variation and body weight, chest circumference and body height traits in SWCG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the locus was also found to be significantly correlated with the body index of HNBG (p = 0.044) and hip width in GZDG (p = 0.002). In regard to lambs, there were significant differences in height at the hip cross of SWCG (p = 0.036) and hip width in IMWC (p = 0.005). The corresponding results suggest that the 15-bp InDel mutation of PLAG1 is associated with the regulation of important growth characteristics of both adult and lamb of goats, which may serve as efficient molecular markers for goat breeding.

INDEKS GLIKEMIK PANGAN DAN PENILAIAN STATUS GIZI PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2

Latar Belakang: International Diabetes Federation (IDF) menyatakan bahwa lebih dari 382 juta orang di dunia penderita Diabetes mellitus. Indonesia merupakan negara yang menempati urutan ketujuh di dunia dengan jumlah penderita diabetes sebanyak 10 juta jiwa. Perencanaan makan yang tidak baik menyebabkan tidak adanya keseimbangan asupan zat gizi pada penderita Diabetes mellitus. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui asupan indeks glikemik pangan, status gizi dan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Sosial Kota Palembang. Metode: Jenis penelitian bersifat observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling sebanyak 80 orang. Data asupan makanan responden diperoleh dengan wawancara dengan metode food record 3 x 24 jam. Lingkar pinggang diukur menggunakan pita pengukur dengan ketelitian 0,1 cm. Komposisi lemak tubuh diukur dengan menggunakan Body Index Analyzer (BIA). Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dengan menggunakan glucometer. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 60,0% kadar glukosa darah pasien adalah hiperglikemia. Kadar glukosa darah berhubungan asupan indeks glikemik pangan (p value = 0,018), lingkar pinggang (p value = 0.000) dan komposisi lemak tubuh ( p value = 0,021) Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan indeks glikemik pangan, lingkar pinggang dan komposisi lemak tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus di Puskesmas Sosial Palembang.

Blood Biochemical Parameters In Yakut Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Versus Their Somatotypes

Objective — Investigating the features of blood biochemical parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), depending on the somatotype sensu the Rees-Eysenck body index. Material and methods — We examined 88 women of Yakut nationality (39-74 years old) with an established diagnosis of DM2. An anthropometric examination with consequent somatotyping according to the Rees-Eysenck body index, along with determination of BMI were carried out. The biochemical blood test results were copied from the anamneses of female subjects. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics software package for Windows (version 17). Methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics were used. Results — We established that the anthropometric parameters and BMI of women with DM2 were significantly higher. According to the BMI gradation, obesity was more common in people with DM2. The results of somatotyping implied that 11.4%, 50.0% and 38.6%of the examined women belonged to the asthenic, normosthenic and pyknic somatotypes, correspondingly. The distribution of somatotypes among women with DM2 differed from the general population distribution in a smaller fraction of individuals with asthenic somatotype. Blood biochemical parameters in subjects with asthenic body type were within the reference limits (except for glucose), in contrast to those of women with other somatotypes. Conclusion — Women with asthenic somatotype are less at risk of developing DM2. Even if the ailment develops, their blood biochemical parameters remain within reference limits, with the exception of glucose.

Is there constitutional and morphological predisposition to akathisia in schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy?

Objective: to identify constitutional and morphological predisposition to akathisia in schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy.Materials and methods. 250 patients with schizophrenia receiving basic antipsychotic therapy were studied, aged 40 [32; 50] years old; disease duration was 13 [7; 22] years. The age when the schizophrenic process manifested itself was 23 [19; 30] years. Clinical evaluation of akathisia was performed using the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BARS, BAS), so akathisia was detected in 92 (36.8%) patients. All persons included in the study underwent an anthropometric survey according to the Bunak’s method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica for Windows software (V. 12.0), the odds ratio was estimated using the MedCalc® online calculator.Results. The comparative analysis of the Rees – Eysenk body index and Tanner stages in groups of schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy with and without akathisia showed no significant differences between them (p = 0.317 and p = 0.347, respectively). Comparison of groups in the distribution of constitutional and morphological types also revealed no statistical differences (p = 0.189). Patients with the andromorphic type of somatic sexual differentiation increased the risk of antipsychotic-induced akathisia (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.02–2.94; p = 0.039) almost twofold.Conclusion. Attribution of patients to different constitutional and morphological types does not play a role in the development of antipsychotic-induced akathisia, unlike attribution to andromorphic somatic sexual differentiation types, which significantly increases its risk.

ANALYSIS OF CORRELATION BETWEEN BGLAP RS1800247 POLYMORPHISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKING INDIVIDUALS

It is known that the skeleton tissue performs systemic energy metabolism regulation through the release decarboxylated fracture of osteocalcin. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between rs1800247 polymorphic variant of BGLAP gene and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ukrainian smokers and non-smoking individuals. There was no significant differences in alleles and genotypes distributions in both smoking subgroup (χ2 = 0,062; Р = 0,803 and χ2 = 0,222; Р = 0,895 respectively) and non-smoking (χ2 = 1,382; Р = 0,24 and χ2 = 3,314; Р = 0,191 respectively) groups. Using logistic regression method it was established the lack of association between rs1800247-polymorphic locus of BGLAP and type 2 diabetes mellitus in crude models and after the adjustment for age, sex, mass body index and the presence of arterial hypertension (Р ˃ 0,05). No statistically significant differences were found out between clinical and laboratory values among diabetic patients stratified by genotype in one-way analysis of variance (Р ˃0,05). It suggests the conclusion that rs1800247-polymorphism is not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus development in both smokers and non-smoking individuals.