regional performance
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2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 809
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Wang ◽  
Meiyue Li

The severity of the 2007–2008 economic crisis and the spatial heterogeneity of its impact have accelerated the study of regional economic resilience. The economic crisis has affected most parts of the world, and its impact is highly heterogeneous within China. The aim of this study was to explore the determinants of regional economic resilience across 284 Chinese cities from 2003–2018. Both nation-based and province-based regional economic resilience were examined. A multilevel logistic regression model was established, finding a disparity of provincial effects on regional performance during the economic crisis. Regional economic resilience is significantly affected by provincial trajectories, economy size, and resources. There are five significant determinants of economic resilience: income inequality, innovation, government intervention, human capital, and financial development. The results provide evidence for the government to design region-based policies, taking into consideration the size and the resources of the region’s economy to build a resilient wall to defend against external shocks and to form a basis for sustainable development.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriya Filipova ◽  
Anthony Hammond ◽  
David Leedal ◽  
Rob Lamb

Abstract In this study, we utilise Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models to estimate the 100- and 1500-year return levels for around 900,000 ungauged catchments in the contiguous USA. The models were trained and validated using 4,079 gauges and several selected catchment descriptors out of a total of 25 available. The study area was split into 15 regions, which represent major watersheds. ANN models were developed for each region and evaluated by calculating several performance metrics such as root-mean-squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and absolute percent error. The availability of a large dataset of gauges made it possible to test different model architectures and assess the regional performance of the models. The results indicate that ANN models with only one hidden layer are sufficient to describe the relationship between flood quantiles and catchment descriptors. The regional performance depends on climate type as models perform worse in arid and humid continental climates. Overall, the study suggests that ANN models are particularly applicable for predicting ungauged flood quantiles across a large geographic area. The paper presents recommendations about future application of ANN in regional flood frequency analysis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Roger T Rohrbaugh ◽  
Scott P Greiner ◽  
Scott A Bowdridge

Abstract Resistance to anthelmintics, more commonly referred to as “de-wormers,” has been on the rise in parasites that affect cattle. Parasite infection can have severe impacts on calf productivity resulting in reduced profitability. Therefore, we sought to better understand anthelmintic resistance in Appalachia by surveying Angus bulls entering performance tests in VA and WV. During a four-year period, over 1050 Angus bulls were tested at bull development facilities in Wardensville, WV, Culpeper, VA, and Wytheville, VA. Fecal samples were collected at arrival and 14 days later for determination of fecal egg count (FEC) reduction. Upon arrival, all bulls received either fenbendazole (Wardensville, WV) or moxidectin (both VA tests). In Wardensville, treatment with albendazole had a 96.7% FEC reduction, whereas, treatment with moxidectin at Culpeper and Wytheville stations resulted in FEC reduction of 29% and 34.9%, respectively. Gain during these 14 days was significantly lower for bulls from Wytheville (0.87 kg/d) than those of Culpeper and Wardensville (1.87 and 2.1 kg/d; respectively). These data can be partially explained by higher bull FEC after treatment in Wytheville (101 eggs/g) compared to bulls in Wardensville and Culpeper (3.4 and 46.4 eggs/g respectively). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between delivery FEC and average daily gain. Taken together these data demonstrate resistance to moxidectin in bulls from the Appalachian region, and that elevated parasite infection may have contributed to reduced gain during the transition period.


Author(s):  
Romeo-Victor Ionescu ◽  
Monica Laura Zlati ◽  
Valentin Marian Antohi

The present study uses the analysis of the EU’s regional performance structure based on clusters to test the versatility of the regional administrative capacity in relation to three disruptive global phenomena: the economic crisis, the coronavirus epidemic and the phenomenon of refugee migration to Europe. We defined a regional performance model based on maintaining sustainability indicators in the 240 EU regions. The objectives of the study are aimed primarily at a structured assessment of regional administrative capacity in the initial version, based on statistical indicators, and in the current version, after the outbreak of the pandemic, based on quantifying the impact of the disturbing factors. Secondly, the objectives of the study are to evaluate the reaction of the administrative units according to their ability to respond to the economic problems in the region, in the sense of improving the performance of the regional economies. The methods used in this paper will be empirical (the study of the specialized literature), analytical and will contain econometric modelling and statistical processing of the data. The results of the study will allow the identification of the necessary traits to train a leader in regional performance, traits that will be useful to European decision makers in adjusting the EU regional policy. Moreover, the need to redefine the EU in terms of performance will be substantiated once again. The study is current and is based on the latest Eurostat information, pertinent tables and diagrams.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingping Zhang ◽  
Michael Tilley ◽  
Guihua Bai ◽  
Sarah Harmer ◽  
Sara Duke ◽  
...  

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