hypovitaminosis a
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Author(s):  
Chaimae Khodriss ◽  
Ahmed Bennis ◽  
Fouad Chraibi ◽  
Meriem Abdellaoui ◽  
Idriss Benatiya Andaloussi

Vitamin A is a fat-soluble discovered in 1913. Hypo-vitaminosis A can cause blindness by various mechanisms. The aim of this case report is to emphasize the severity of Vitamin A deficiency and its local consequences on the eyes causing corneal ulcerations, abscess and even blindness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 89583-89592
Author(s):  
Humberto Atílio Grassi ◽  
Jayme Augusto Peres ◽  
Rodrigo Antônio Martins De Souza ◽  
Suellen Rodrigues Calixto ◽  
Thiago Francisco Costa Solak ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255924
Author(s):  
Martin J. Schmidt ◽  
Gerhard Steenkamp ◽  
Peter Caldwell ◽  
Klaus Failing ◽  
Robert M. Kirberger

Captive cheetahs often demonstrate a high incidence of diseases in which vitamin A imbalances are implicated. These can occur even under controlled and optimised feeding regimens, which is why surveillance of vitamin A status is mandatory in the successful health management of cheetahs. Serum levels of the vitamin do not reflect the true vitamin A status and liver tissue analysis is rather impractical for routine application in large felids. A biomarker for evaluating overt and subclinical vitamin A deficiency in cheetahs is needed. This study evaluates whether increased calvarial bone thickness can be detected on routine skull radiographs of vitamin A deficient cheetahs compared to unaffected animals, and secondly, evaluates whether there is increased bone thickness in clinically sound captive cheetahs in general compared to wild-living controls. Bone thickness in the neuro- and splanchnocranium was measured in 138 skull radiographs. Significant thickening of the parietal bones was found in latero-lateral radiographs of immature cheetahs (< 12 months) with vitamin A deficiency. This finding may allow a presumptive diagnosis of hypovitaminosis A in immature cheetahs. A general difference in skull thickness between free-living and captive cheetahs was not found.


2021 ◽  
Vol 344 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
I. N. Gromov

Under conditions of egg and poultry farming noninfectious diseases are widespread and cause significant economic damage. These diseases can be caused by a variety of etiological factors: the deficiency of the necessary chemical elements, substances or their combination, excessive amount of certain classes of organic substances in feed. Diseases of complex etiology are also recorded, which arise from a combination of unfavorable factors and anatomical and physiological properties of individual bird crosses. Under the influence of unfavorable factors in various organ systems, pathological processes of various nature (dystrophic, necrotic, inflammatory) arise. In this case, the symptoms and pathological changes can be either similar or poorly visible macroscopically. In this regard, the results of histological examination of organs and tissues play an important role in making a presumptive diagnosis. The article introduces the original results of researches on pathomorphological diagnosis of the most widespread diseases in industrial poultry farming of noninfectious etiology: chronic feed borne toxicoses (including mycotoxicoses), hypovitaminosis A, hyposelenosis, amyloidosis, necrosis of the femoral head. The results of examination of spontaneous material stuff. The findings are formulated in the form of histological diagnoses. The attention is focused on the main (pathognomonical) signs of a great value for differential diagnostics of this group of diseases. Various variants of pathomorphological course of the diseases running both in a classical way, and in the form of a pathomorphosis (the variated pathoanatomical and histological lesions against application of vaccines and antibiotics) are considered.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Deena Godfrey ◽  
Robert T. Stone ◽  
Marcus Lee ◽  
Tanuja Chitnis ◽  
Jonathan D. Santoro

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 04-07
Author(s):  
Shreya Shah ◽  
Mehul Shah ◽  
Ashit Desai ◽  
Mrugesha Vaghela ◽  
Deeksha Thorat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEHUL SHAH ◽  
SHREYA SHAH ◽  
Ashit Desai ◽  
Ronuaq Khanna ◽  
Chetan Rathod

Abstract Introduction: Congenital malformation is important cause of child hood blindness, we would like to study factors responsible for it.Methods: This was retrospective cohort study We collected data from our hospital EMR from 2008 to 2019.WE retrieved total number of Pediatric patients outdoor and children with congenital malformed eyes. We also explored history of night blindness in mothers during pregnancy we exported data in excel sheet , type of anomalies calculated using descriptive analyses of SPSS 22.Results: Our cohort consisted of 1435(1.42%) children out of 100946 of total outdoor of pediatric ophthalmology. We found various anomalies in our analyses, out of total 423(29.47%) had history of night blindness to mother during pregnancy suggesting vitamin A deficiency. Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis A in mother has influence maldevelopment and congenital anomalies of eye based on clinical observation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 194-198
Author(s):  
Vicki Baldrey

Respiratory disease is common in avian species. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential as birds tend to hide clinical signs of illness until disease is advanced and cases can deteriorate rapidly. Risk factors are frequently related to diet and environment, and include hypovitaminosis A and inhaled irritants. Birds presenting with respiratory signs should initially be stabilised with oxygen supplementation and supportive care before further diagnostics are pursued. Work up of these cases includes blood sampling for biochemistry and haematology, imaging including radiography and rigid endoscopy, and culture and polymerase chain reaction testing of respiratory secretions. Chlamydia and aspergillosis are common diagnoses encountered in practice. Treatment includes systemic antimicrobials, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and inhaled medications administered via nebulisation. Correction of underlying risk factors is also essential for a successful outcome. This article gives an overview of avian respiratory disease and describes a systematic approach to the investigation and treatment of these cases, achievable in general practice.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001038
Author(s):  
Georgina Hall ◽  
Craig Breheny ◽  
Zohra Khan ◽  
Tobias Schwarz ◽  
Richard J Mellanby

A seven-month-old male entire Bulldog presented for a three-week history of progressive lethargy, exercise intolerance, hindlimb paresis, muscle atrophy and hyperaesthesia. The dog had initially been raised on the bitch’s milk before maternal illness resulted in him transitioning onto milk replacer. He was weaned onto commercial puppy food until four months of age before being transitioned onto a homecooked diet. This diet comprised of raw meat, collected weekly from a local abattoir, homecooked cereals and vegetables. The patient was oxygen-dependent on presentation, requiring 40 per cent inspired oxygen concentration to maintain normoxaemia. Investigations revealed marked osteopenia with concurrent severe hypovitaminosis D, hypocalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism; hypovitaminosis A; hypothyroidism and concurrent severe pneumonia. Despite intensive medical care, nutritional interventions and escalating oxygen therapy, the dog was euthanased due to a deterioration in respiratory function. This case report highlights the severe clinical complications associated with the consumption of a nutritionally incomplete diet.


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