sensory functions
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Author(s):  
G. Sreelekshmi ◽  
Raole Vaidehi ◽  
N. R. Navoday Raju

According to Ayurveda the whole life processes are governed by the Tridosha i.e. Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Vata Dosha has been given prime importance because it is the primary force that motivates and mediates other Dosha, Dhatu and Mala for performing their functions in the body. Vata Dosha possesses various Guna. Based on such Guna it performs different Karma in the body. Vata control motor as well as sensory functions. It is a self-generating and self- propagating energy responsible for the regulation of almost all the activities in our body. It should be considered as an invisible force that is recognised through its functions. This paper aims at understanding the effect of Vata Dosha on Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient. The word quotient means amount of a specified quality or characteristic. The characteristics of individuals are developed on the predominance of Dosha during intra-uterine life and it is mentioned in classical textbooks in Prakruti concepts. In the formation and maintenance of Deha Prakruti and Manasa Prakruti the role of Dosha is inevitable. Among the five types of Vata, Prana is responsible for controlling the functions of Buddhi and Manas, while Udana helps in recalling the past experiences.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Ida Yustika Siregar ◽  
Indayana Febriani Tanjung ◽  
Siti Maysarah

Human basically only know a science only from experts, without realizing the source of that knowledge. Science is the application of the Qur’an and Hadith is the source of knowledge. This study determine the integration of the functions of the sensory system according to the integrated scientific view of the Qur'an and hadith. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with the producing descriptive data in the words obtained when looking for references from literature sources with a literature review approach (Library Research). The results of this study indicate that the function of the human sensory system according to science is only in the essence of hearing, seeing, smelling, feeling and touching. In science the human senses function as producers of perception and even as facilities for developing knowledge about something. Meanwhile, according to the Qur'an and hadith, the function of the human sensory system is as a facility for increasing the faith and piety of a servant to Allah SWT. Based on science, the Qur'an and hadith both function the human senses as a complementary facilities in developing knowledge so that a person further increases the essence of Allah presence in carrying out sensory functions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Z. Malinovská ◽  
E. Čonková

Abstract The skin provides protective functions, such as thermoregulation, resorption, provision of immune responses, storage and sensory functions, which all play an important role in the internal stability of the organism. The skin has 3 major layers: the epidermis, the dermis and subcutis. The outermost protective layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum, consists of 20 to 30 overlapping layers of anucleate cells, the corneocytes. Ichthyosis is an autosomal recessive congenital skin disease, in which the corneocytes form defects that appear like individual steps of the stratum corneum. Ichthyosis is characterized by excessive scaling over the entire body surface and is not curable; the symptoms can only be alleviated. Several genetic variants have been identified in specific dog breeds: PNPLA1 in the Golden Retrievers, SLC27A4 in the Great Danes, NIPAL4 in the American Bulldogs, TGM1 in the Jack Russel Terriers, ASPRV1 in the German Shepherds, which cause different forms of nonepidermolytic ichthyosis and KRT10 in the Norfolk Terriers, which causes epidermolytic ichthyosis. When classifying breeds of dogs predisposed to ichthyosis, it is necessary to determine the presence of defective genes in the genome of the individual animals involved in mating.


eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hickey ◽  
Andrej Vilfan ◽  
Ramin Golestanian

Cilia are hairlike organelles involved in both sensory functions and motility. We discuss the question of whether the location of chemical receptors on cilia provides an advantage in terms of sensitivity and whether motile sensory cilia have a further advantage. Using a simple advection-diffusion model, we compute the capture rates of diffusive molecules on a cilium. Because of its geometry, a non-motile cilium in a quiescent fluid has a capture rate equivalent to a circular absorbing region with ~4x its surface area. When the cilium is exposed to an external shear flow, the equivalent surface area increases to ~6x. Alternatively, if the cilium beats in a non-reciprocal way in an otherwise quiescent fluid, its capture rate increases with the beating frequency to the power of 1/3. Altogether, our results show that the protruding geometry of a cilium could be one of the reasons why so many receptors are located on cilia. They also point to the advantage of combining motility with chemical reception.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Isabelle Poitras ◽  
Ophélie Martinie ◽  
Maxime T. Robert ◽  
Alexandre Campeau-Lecours ◽  
Catherine Mercier

People living with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit motor and sensory impairments that affect unimanual and bimanual functions. The importance of sensory functions for motor control is well known, but the association between motor and sensory functions remains unclear in people living with CP. The objective of this systematic review was to characterize the relationship between sensory deficits and upper limb motor function in individuals living with CP. Methods: Five databases were screened. The inclusion criteria were: (1) including people living with CP, (2) reporting measurements of upper limb motor and sensory functions. A qualitative analysis of the studies’ level of evidence was done. Results: Thirty-three articles were included. Twenty-five articles evaluated tactile functions, 10 proprioceptive functions and 7 visual functions; 31 of the articles reported on unimanual functions and 17 of them reported on bimanual functions. Tactile functions showed a moderate to high association; it was not possible to reach definitive conclusions for proprioceptive and visual functions. Conclusions: The heterogeneity of the results limits the ability to draw definitive conclusions. Further studies should aim to perform more comprehensive assessments of motor and sensory functions, to determine the relative contribution of various sensory modalities to simple and more complex motor functions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Seelig ◽  
Raban Arved Heller ◽  
Patrick Haubruck ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Jochen Georg Klingenberg ◽  
...  

Graphical AbstractThe pathophysiology of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) can be divided into two major phases. (A) The mechanical trauma is followed within minutes by a secondary phase consisting of local complex and intertwined acute responses, intercellular signaling and cell activity regulating pathways. Inflammatory processes, oxidative stress and hypoxia, leading to cell damage and death, and specific cell contents are released into the circulation (B). The motor and sensory deficits upon TSCI are assessed by using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale (AIS), ranging from AIS A as a complete absence of any motor and sensory functions under the lesion site, to AIS E with complete preservation of motor and sensory functions. (C) The concentrations of serum SELENBP1 were elevated in patients classified as AIS A as compared to less severely affected patients classified as AIS B, C or D. A cut-off was deduced [(SELENBP1) > 30.2 μg/L], reliably predicting whether a patient belongs to the group showing neurological recovery (G1) or not (G0) within 3 months after the trauma. The figure was created by using https://biorender.com.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish K Maurya ◽  
Piali Sengupta

Primary cilia are microtubule (MT)-based organelles that mediate sensory functions in multiple cell types. Disruption of cilia structure or function leads to a diverse collection of diseases termed ciliopathies. Mutations in the DUF3719 domain-containing protein FAM149B1 have recently been shown to elongate cilia via unknown mechanisms and result in the ciliopathy Joubert syndrome. The highly conserved CCRK and MAK/RCK kinases negatively regulate cilia length and structure in Chlamydomonas, C. elegans, and mammalian cells. How the activity of this kinase cascade is tuned to precisely regulate cilia architecture is unclear. Here we identify XBX-4, a DUF3719 domain-containing protein related to human FAM149B1, as a novel regulator of the DYF-18 CCRK and DYF-5 MAK kinase pathway in C. elegans. As in dyf-18 and dyf-5 mutants, sensory neuron cilia are elongated in xbx-4 mutants and exhibit altered axonemal MT stability. XBX-4 promotes DYF-18 CCRK activity to regulate DYF-5 MAK function and localization. We find that Joubert syndrome-associated mutations in the XBX-4 DUF3719 domain also elongate cilia in C. elegans. Our results identify a new metazoan-specific regulator of this highly conserved kinase pathway, and suggest that FAM149B1 may similarly act via the CCRK/MAK kinase pathway to regulate ciliary homeostasis in humans.


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