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2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ghafar ◽  
S. Khwaja ◽  
M. Zahid ◽  
S. I. Hussain ◽  
A. Karim ◽  
...  

Abstract The main purpose of this study was to find out a possible association between ABO blood groups or Rh and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the local population of eight (8) different towns of Karachi, Pakistan. For this purpose a survey was carried out in Karachi to have a practical observation of these towns during the period of 9 months from June 2019 to Feb. 2020. Out of eighteen (18) towns of Karachi, samples (N= 584) were collected from only eight (8) Towns of Karachi and gave a code-number to each town. Diabetic group sample was (n1=432) & pre-diabetes sample was (n2 =152). A standard Abbot Company Glucometer for Random Blood Sugar (RBS) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) tests, standard blood anti sera were used for ABO/Rh blood type. Health assessment techniques were performed ethically by taking informed consent from all registered subjects. Finally data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. In our current study, the comparison of ABO blood groups frequencies between diabetic and pre-diabetic individuals were carried out. The percentage values of blood Group-B as given as: (32% in DM vs. 31% in pre-diabetics), followed by blood Group-O as: (18% in DM vs. 11% in pre-diabetics). Contrary to Group-“B” & “O”, blood Group-A and Group-AB were distribution percentage higher pre-diabetic as compared to DM patients, as given as: Group-A (32% in pre-diabetics vs. 26% in DM) & Group-AB (26% in pre-diabetics vs. 24% in diabetic’s patients). In addition, percentage distribution of Rh system was also calculated, in which Rh+ve Group was high and more common in DM patients as compared to pre-diabetics; numerically given as: Rh+ve Group (80% in DM vs. 72% in pre-diabetics). Different views and dimensions of the research topic were studied through literature support, some have found no any association and some established a positive association still some were not clear in making a solid conclusion. It is concluded that DM has a positive correlation with ABO blood groups, and people with Group-B have increased susceptibility to DM disease.


2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-629
Author(s):  
Maya Sharma ◽  
Seema Rajvanshi ◽  
Sunita Khurana ◽  
Rajkumar Arora

During the second wave of covid 19[SARS- Co V-] pandemic, there is a sudden increase in number of mucormycosis infection cases in India. The present study is an attempt to understand the presentation, course and outcome of rhinoorbital mucormycosis in a group of patients who reported to Ophtalmology and Otorhinolaryngology department of our Govt. District Hospital (secondary referral centre) for enhancing measures for prevention and management. Patients who reported to our Government district hospital with signs or symptoms suggestive of rhino orbital mucormycosis during May-June 2021 were included in the study with consent of ethical committee, patients and patient’s relatives. Total 17 cases were reported and followed. Clinical examination was done for all the patients. History of the presenting complaints and underlying illness with COVID -19 was elicited. Underlying comorbid status was recorded. Patients were followed as all of them were referred to higher centre for further management as per the guidelines issued by directorate medical and health services, rajasthan, Jaipur.13(76.4%) patients were from rural and 4 (23.5%) were from urban area. 11(64.7%) patients had RT-PCR +ve, 6 had RT-PCR _ve, 2 did not have RT-PCR report. 15(88.7%) patients had high blood sugar at presentation mean being 315.7mg%. 9 (52.9%) developed mucormycosis during their treatment for COVID in hospital. 8(47.05%) presented in OPD. 9 patients had treatment with inhalational Owhile 8 patients did not have treatment with O Death rate was high (70.5%) among our patients. Patients who survived (29.4%) had only initial symptoms and signs at presentation therefore could be managed earlier. None of our patient had vaccination for COVID. Our study was done at secondary referral centre, all the previous studies were done at tertiary referral centres; therefore it shows the course of disease mainly among rural population ; most of them presented very late and had poor outcomes. It shows the need of more awareness about COVID and mucormycosis among people especially in rural areas. High blood sugar either due to treatment with steroids or pre existing is a major risk factor for Rhino orbital mucormycosis. Being RT- PCR negative for COVID 19 does not rule out the associated possible complication of Rhino orbital mucormycosis. Early diagnosis and management remains the key factor for managing Rhino orbital mucormycosis.


Author(s):  
M. Arifki Zainaro ◽  
Ridwan Ridwan ◽  
Rias Tusianah ◽  
Sudjarwo Sudjarwo ◽  
Usastiawaty C. A. S. Isnainy ◽  
...  

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a slowly deadly disease. Indonesia has the 4th highest number of diabetes mellitus after China, India and the United States. People with diabetes have grown from 8.4 million in 2000 and will become 21.3 million in 2030. This study aims to determine the relationship between body movement and blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This type of research is quantitative, with a design analytical research and cross-sectional approach. The sample of this study was 131 people with the criteria for suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data collection used the Global Body Movement Questionnaire (GPAQ) questionnaire, and the statistical test used was the Chi-Square statistical test. The results showed that there was a relationship between physical activity and blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, so it is recommended that DM patients should routinely carry out body movements and control blood sugar levels in health care facilities and take advantage of health services such as health workers if they experience problems in performing body movements and follow a diabetic diet according to the advice of a nutritionist. In-depth conclusions and implications are discussed.


2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
A. Haris ◽  
Julhana Julhana

ABSTRAKNeuropati atau sering disebut sebagai gangguan sensasi merupakan salah satu  komplikasi yang sering ditemukan pada pasien diabetes Mellitus tipe 2. Kejadian neuropati sering tidak disadari oleh pasien sehingga mengakibatkan munculnya Diabetic Foot Ulcer. Deteksi dini neuropati diabetic sangat penting pada pasien dengan DM karena pencegahan bisa menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas.. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi. strategi pelaksanaan dengan melakukan pre test sebelum kegiatan dilaksanakan, kemudian membagikan modul dan video penggunaan  alat pengecekan gula darahdan penggunaan monofilament test, setelah itu di evaluasi dengan  post test. Hasil yang didapatkan 90% kader yang hadir mememahami dan bisa mempraktekan cara pengecekan gula darah secara mandiri dan menggunkan monofilament tes. Sedangkan kegaiatan dengan 50 penyandang diabetes 40% mengalami gangguan neuropati sensori, maka dapat disimpulakan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan para kader tentang deteksi dini neuropati pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang meliputi, pengertian DM, tanda dan gejala, penatalaksanaan, komplikasi, tanda gangguan neuropati dan cara mendeteksinya, ditandai dengan kemampuan kader dan penyandang diabetes mampu menjawab dan mempraktikan pertanyaan dari pengabdi. Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Pelatihan, Monofilament tes, Neuropati.  ABSTRACT Neuropathy or often referred to as impaired sensation is one of the complications that are often found in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early detection of diabetic neuropathy is very important in patients with DM because prevention can reduce morbidity and mortality. The methods used include the preparation stage, implementation stage, monitoring and evaluation. the implementation strategy was to do a pre test before the activity was carried out, then distribute modules and videos on the use of blood sugar checking tools and the use of monofilament tests, after which they were evaluated with a post test. The results obtained were 90% of the cadres who attended understood and could practice how to independently check blood sugar and use the monofilament test. While activities with 50 people with diabetes 40% experiencing sensory neuropathy disorders, it can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge and skills of cadres about early detection of neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus which includes understanding of DM, signs and symptoms, management, complications, signs of neuropathic disorders. and how to detect it, is marked by the ability of cadres and people with diabetes to be able to answer and practice questions from the servants. Keywords: Education, Training, Monofilament test, Neuropathy


2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Dushyant Pawar ◽  
Vinayak Bhoi ◽  
Shital Pawar ◽  
Dilip Patil

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiologic processes associated with abnormal renal function and progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are 1) to assess basic tests and kidney function tests in patients with CKD, (2) to assess coagulation profile, sugar levels, and platelets levels in patients of CKD, (3) to do the urine analysis in patients with CKD, and (4) to assess GFR among the study population. Materials and Methods: After taking the informed consent, detailed history was taken and clinical examination of patient was done. Pathological tests such as hemogram, renal function tests, liver function tests, coagulation profile, blood sugar levels, urine routine, and microscopy were performed. Ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis was done. Correlation was done between severity of sepsis and mortality in patients. Results: Anemia was moderate (7–8.9 g/dl) in 38%, mild (9–10.9 g/dl) in 31%, while severe (<6.9) in 29 patients, that is, 29%. Thrombocytopenia was present in 58% of patients. Mean serum albumin in patients was 2.67±0.551 mg/dl; serum globulin was 3.89±0.345 mg/dl. Mean blood sugar of study subjects was 127.41±61.387 mg/dl fasting, 199.67±114.827 mg/dl post-prandial, and mean glycated hemoglobin was 5.63 ± 1.668. On ultrasound acute pyelonephritis, 25 (25%) was the most common finding. Conclusion: Correlation of clinical findings with pathological and radiological findings is very important in patients with CKD. Severity of sepsis directly correlates with mortality of patients.


2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Anna Islamiyati ◽  
Sitti Sahriman ◽  
Sakinah Oktoni

Multicollinearity is a relationship or correlation between predictor variables. Multicollinearity can also occur in longitudinal data, which is a combination of cross-section data and time-series data. The impact of multicollinearity causes the influence of the predictor variable on the response variable to be insignificant, the least-squares estimator, and the error to be sensitive to changes in the data. Therefore, the procedure to overcome multicollinearity uses the principal component analysis method. This study aims to model PCA longitudinal data regression with a fixed-effect model that is applied to blood sugar data of diabetic patients with a time span of January 2019 to July 2019 at Ibnu Sina Hospital Makassar City. The results of this study indicate that there are two main components formed from PCA longitudinal data regression modelling with a fixed-effect model. Obtained variable values are systolic blood pressure of -0.007, diastolic blood pressure of -0,016, the body temperature of -0.098, and platelets of 0.005 which affect blood sugar in patients with diabetes.


Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-900
Author(s):  
Eka Roina Megawati ◽  
Lokot Donna Lubis ◽  
Febi Yanti Harahap

Introduction: Obesity creates health problems by increasing the risks of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Obesity leads to insulin resistance, higher blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Adipose tissues synthesize adiponectin which acts as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anti-atherogenic agent. Meanwhile, vitamin E is an antioxidant that acts as an anti-inflammation. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of vitamin E supplementation to metabolic markers on diet-induced obesity in mice. Materials and methods: Twenty-four mice (Mus musculus, L) aged four weeks were divided into six groups which were fed different diets and given vitamin E in different dosages or methods. The period of treatment was 18 weeks. The mice body weights were measured every week; blood sugar and cholesterol levels were measured every six weeks, and the adiponectin level measurement was done at week 18. Results: A repeated measures ANOVA showed that body weight and cholesterol level within groups were not significantly different [F(15,&nbsp;54)=1.417, 0.173 and F(10,&nbsp;36)=1.391, 0.224 respectively]. The glucose levels were found to be significantly different [F(7.646,&nbsp;27.526)=2.625, 0.030]. There was no significant difference in the adiponectin levels. Conclusions: Vitamin E supplementation could not prevent the increase of body weight, the elevation of blood sugar and cholesterol levels, and also could not increase adiponectin level.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Alif Khanifudin ◽  
Arifin Triyanto ◽  
Dwi Asih Rohmawati

Comorbidities in COVID-19 patients with the highest percentage are hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Patients with comorbid hypertension and DM have high morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the interventions in COVID-19 patients with comorbid DM and hypertension. The method used is a case study with data collection through patient and family interviews, medical record studies and direct observation or through CCTV. The studies showed that the patient was diagnosed with severe COVID-19 by  oxygen therapy (NRM 15 L/min), treating COVID-19 and managing comorbid hypertension and DM with medication and monitoring and reducing anxiety. During treatment, the patient was desaturated, blood pressure and blood sugar level had not been controlled, and the anxiety was quite high. It can be said that interventions that can be given to COVID-19 patients with comorbid hypertension and DM are oxygen therapy, medication, anxiety reduction, and comorbid management. Comorbid hypertension and DM were controlled with medication and regular monitoring. the patient's blood pressure and blood sugar level had not been controlled, it is possible that the patient's anxiety is still experienced. So that as health workers in providing care are expected to pay attention to the biopsychosociospiritual aspects so that the patient's problems are resolved.


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