CrystEngComm - Invitation to Submit Polymorphism and cocrystal salt formation of 2-((2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)benzoic acid, harvest of a second form of 2-((2,6-dimethylphenyl)amino)benzoic acid, and isomorphism between the two systems

2-((2,6-Dichlorophenyl)amino)benzoic acid (2-DCABA), a potential non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and an analog of 2-((2,6-dimethylphenyl)amino)benzoic acid (HDMPA) was synthesized and its polymorphism was studied to investigate the effect of double Cl-CH3 exchange....

Targeting the B1 Gene and Analysis of Its Polymorphism Associated with Awned/Awnless Trait in Russian Germplasm Collections of Common Wheat

The presence of awns on the ear is associated with a number of important plant properties, such as drought resistance, quality of the grain mass during processing, etc. The main manifestations of this trait are controlled by the B1 gene, which has recently been identified and encodes the C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor. Based on the previously identified SNPs in the promoter region of this gene, we constructed markers for dominant and recessive alleles which determine awnless and awned phenotypes, respectively. The markers were successful for use in targeting the respective alleles of the B1 gene in 176 varieties of common wheat, accessions of T. spelta L., as well as on F2/F3 hybrids from crosses between awned and awnless forms of T. aestivum. We first identified a new allele, b1mite, which has both an insert of a miniature Stowaway-like transposon, 261 bp in length, and 33 novel SNPs in the promoter region. Despite these changes, this allele had no effect on the awned phenotype. The possible mechanisms of the influence of the analyzed gene on phenotype are discussed.

The Selective Advantage of the lac Operon for Escherichia coli Is Conditional on Diet and Microbiota Composition

The lac operon is one of the best known gene regulatory circuits and constitutes a landmark example of how bacteria tune their metabolism to nutritional conditions. It is nearly ubiquitous in Escherichia coli strains justifying the use of its phenotype, the ability to consume lactose, for species identification. Lactose is the primary sugar found in milk, which is abundant in mammals during the first weeks of life. However, lactose is virtually non-existent after the weaning period, with humans being an exception as many consume dairy products throughout their lives. The absence of lactose during adulthood in most mammals and the rarity of lactose in the environment, means that the selective pressure for maintaining the lac operon could be weak for long periods of time. Despite the ability to metabolize lactose being a hallmark of E. coli’s success when colonizing its primary habitat, the mammalian intestine, the selective value of this trait remains unknown in this ecosystem during adulthood. Here we determine the competitive advantage conferred by the lac operon to a commensal strain of E. coli when colonizing the mouse gut. We find that its benefit, which can be as high as 11%, is contingent on the presence of lactose in the diet and on the presence of other microbiota members in the gut, but the operon is never deleterious. These results help explaining the pervasiveness of the lac operon in E. coli, but also its polymorphism, as lac-negative E. coli strains albeit rare can naturally occur in the gut.

Autosomal STR loci involved in exclusion during kinship expertise in the population of the Tyumen region

Aim. To conduct an analysis of STR-loci in cases of exclusion during the paternity expertise, analyze the distribution of their frequencies. Materials and methods. 364 paternity expertises (non-exclusion and exclusion) were studied, in which a molecular genetic study of the blood of all participants was carried out by the method of capillary electrophoresis. Results. Paternity was excluded out of 364 examinations in 72 cases. Of these, in 68 cases, samples for research were taken from the mother, the alleged father and the child. Groups I and II were formed. Group I included examinations in which both the mother and the child were born in the Tyumen region (53 cases). Group II included examinations in which either the mother or the child was born outside the Tyumen region (15 cases). The frequency of distribution of the loci involved in exclusion and the most frequent alleles among those found were determined. Conclusion. It was found that the role of a locus in exclusion cases does not directly depend on its polymorphism and / or frequency of mutations. Establishing the loci most often involved in excluding kinship allows the use of predominantly such more informative loci or panels containing such loci when investigating kinship in a particular geographic locality.

Porous Cordierite Ceramics From Mineral and Synthetic Raw Material Compositions

This work is dedicated to the study of the development of porous cordierite ceramics using two types of illite clays as pore formers. The work has the structure of a classical scientific paper containing the following sections – introduction, literature review, description of materials and methods, presentation of results, and conclusions. The theoretical part of the Thesis describes cordierite as an important mineral phase, its polymorphism, as well as the production, properties and application of ceramics formed from this phase. The materials and methods section details the materials and methods used in the work. The practical part of the Thesis describes the production of cordierite ceramics and its physical-mechanical and thermal properties as well as the analysis of the structure of the obtained materials. It shows that by varying the technological parameters of synthesis different morphology porous cordierite ceramics can be obtained. The resulting materials are considered to be the most economically viable alternative to existing synthetic materials due to their improved material properties – bending and compression strength, thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity.

Haptoglobin and Its Related Protein, Zonulin—What Is Their Role in Spondyloarthropathy?

Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase protein which supports the immune response and protects tissues from free radicals. Its concentration correlates with disease activity in spondyloarthropathies (SpAs). The Hp polymorphism determines the functional differences between Hp1 and Hp2 protein products. The role of the Hp polymorphism has been demonstrated in many diseases. In particular, the Hp 2-2 phenotype has been associated with the unfavorable course of some inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Its potential role in modulating the immune system in SpA is still unknown. This article contains pathophysiological considerations on the potential relationship between Hp, its polymorphism and SpA.

Primary Palpebral Tuberculosis: A Case Report

Tuberculosis is a frequent disease in Morocco, palpebral localization remains very rare, often poorly managed because of its polymorphism. We report the case of a 6-year-old patient, without any notable antecedents, who presented repeated chalazions. Following frequent recurrences, despite surgical management, the patient benefited from an exeresis biopsy which confirmed the tuberculosis infection. A general check-up was performed to look for secondary localizations of tuberculosis, specifically a pulmonary localization, which was negative. The patient presented a good response to antibacillary treatment. In the light of this clinical case, we recall the importance of an anatomopathological study, which must be systematic before any excision of tissue material in the treatment of a chalazion with atypical localization or notion of recurrence.