colorectal cancer cell
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2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihuiping Tao ◽  
Changliang Xu ◽  
Weixing Shen ◽  
Jiani Tan ◽  
Liu Li ◽  
...  

BackgroundExosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by most cells to deliver functional cargoes to recipient cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a significant part of exosomal contents. The ease of diffusion of exosomes renders them speedy and highly efficient vehicles to deliver functional molecules. Cancer cells secrete more exosomes than normal cells. Reports have showed that exosomal miRNAs of cancer cells facilitate cancer progression. Yet the complexity of cancer dictates that many more functional exosomal miRNAs remain to be discovered.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed miRNA expression profiles of tissue and plasma exosome samples collected from 10 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 10 healthy individuals. We focused on hsa-miR-101-3p (101-3p), a profoundly up-regulated miRNA enriched in plasma exosomes of patients bearing CRC. We performed target analysis of 101-3p and pursued functional studies of this microRNA in two colorectal cancer cell lines, namely HCT116 and SW480.ResultsOur results indicated that inhibiting 101-3p slowed cell growth and retarded cell migration in vivo in two colorectal cancer cell lines. Target analysis showed that Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase (HIPK3) is a target of miR-101-3p. HCT116 and SW480 cells stably overexpressing HIPK3 showed increased level of phosphorylated FADD, as well as retarded cell growth, migration, and increased sensitivity to 5-FU. In-depth analysis revealed increased mitochondrial membrane potential upon HIPK3 overexpression along with increased production of reactive oxygen species, number of mitochondria, and expression of respiratory complexes. Measurements of glycolytic parameters and enzymes revealed decreased level of glycolysis upon HIPK3 overexpression in these two cell lines. Xenograft model further confirmed a profoundly improved potency of the synergistic treatment combining both 5-FU and 101-3p inhibitor compared to 5-FU alone.ConclusionThis study unraveled an oncogenic nature of the exosomal 101-3p and suggested a relationship between the 101-3p-HIPK3 axis and metabolic homeostasis in colorectal cancer. Expression level of 101-3p is positively correlated with glycolytic capacity in CRC and therefore 101-3p itself is an oncomiR. Combining 101-3p inhibitor with chemotherapeutic agents is an effective strategy against CRC.


ScienceAsia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Suphaket Saenthaweesuk ◽  
Atcharaporn Thaeomor ◽  
Pornrut Rabintossaporn ◽  
Jarinyaporn Naowaboot ◽  
Nuntiya Somparn

Author(s):  
Umair Ilyas ◽  
Shagufta Naaz ◽  
Syed Aun Muhammad ◽  
Humaira Nadeem ◽  
Reem Altaf ◽  
...  

Background: The development of resistance to available anticancer drugs is increasingly becoming a major challenge and new chemical entities could be unveiled to compensate for this therapeutic failure. Objectives: The current study demonstrated whether N-protected and deprotected amino acid derivatives of 2-aminopyridine could attenuate tumor development using colorectal cancer cell lines. Methods: Biological assays were performed to investigate the anticancer potential of synthesized compounds. The in silico ADME profiling and docking studies were also performed by docking the designed compounds against the active binding site of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) to analyze the binding mode of these compounds. Four derivatives 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d were selected for investigation of in vitro anticancer potential using colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116. The anti-tumor activities of synthesized compounds were further validated by evaluating the inhibitory effects of these compounds on the target protein beta-catenin through in vitro enzyme inhibitory assay. Results: The docking analysis revealed favorable binding energies and interactions with the target proteins. The in vitro MTT assay on colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116 and HT29 revealed potential anti-tumor activities with an IC50 range of 3.7-8.1µM and 3.27-7.7 µM, respectively. The inhibitory properties of these compounds on the concentration of beta-catenin by ELISA revealed significant percent inhibition of target protein at 100 µg/ml. Conclusion: In conclusion, the synthesized compounds showed significant anti-tumor activities both in silico and in vitro, having potential for further investigating its role in colorectal cancer.


Author(s):  
Andréa Felinto Moura ◽  
Mirian Rita Carrilho de Castro ◽  
Raquel Ferreira Naves ◽  
Ana Jérsia Araújo ◽  
Maria Claudia Luciano dos Santos ◽  
...  

Background: New chalcones have been developed from the insertion of organic groups, among them sulfonamides, presenting varied biological activity. Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the antitumor potential of a new synthetic sulfonamide chalcone (SSC185) against a colorectal metastatic lymph node-derived colorectal cancer cell line (SW-620). Method: Synthesis and characterization, including crystallography, of SSC185 were performed. SSC185 showed a selective cytotoxic effect against colorectal cancer cell lines. Therefore, the cytotoxic effect of SSC185 against SW-620 was further investigated. We used optical and fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and Western blot to determine the antitumor effects of SSC185. Results: SSC185 induced cytotoxicity in SW-620 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Cell cycle progression was disrupted, with increased G2/M cell number and consequent cell death, with morphological alterations associated with apoptosis and necrosis. Cell death was associated with the activation and cleavage of PARP, and with reduced expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax protein and caspase 8, depending on the SSC185 concentration tested. Expression of the necroptosis pathway proteins RIP and MLKL was also reduced. These proteins are phosphorylated during the process of necroptosis. Conclusion: We suggest that the mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect of SSC185 against SW-620 in vitro may be related to the induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death by apoptosis or necroptosis, depending on the concentration used.


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