bowel movements
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

389
(FIVE YEARS 201)

H-INDEX

19
(FIVE YEARS 6)

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Marieke H. Schoemaker ◽  
Jeske H. J. Hageman ◽  
Dominique ten Haaf ◽  
Anita Hartog ◽  
Petra A. M. J. Scholtens ◽  
...  

Constipation is a major issue for 10–20% of the global population. In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, we aimed to determine a dose-response effect of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on stool characteristics and fecal microbiota in 132 adults with self-reported constipation according to Rome IV criteria (including less than three bowel movements per week). Subjects (94% females, aged: 18–59 years) received either 11 g or 5.5 g of BiotisTM GOS, or a control product, once daily for three weeks. Validated questionnaires were conducted weekly to study primarily stool frequency and secondary stool consistency. At base- and endline, stool samples were taken to study fecal microbiota. A trend towards an increased stool frequency was observed after the intervention with 11 g of GOS compared to control. While during screening everybody was considered constipated, not all subjects (n = 78) had less than three bowel movements per week at baseline. In total, 11 g of GOS increased stool frequency compared to control in subjects with a low stool frequency at baseline (≤3 bowel movements per week) and in self-reported constipated adults 35 years of age or older. A clear dose-response of GOS was seen on fecal Bifidobacterium, and 11 g of GOS significantly increased Anaerostipes hadrus. In conclusion, GOS seems to be a solution to benefit adults with a low stool frequency and middle-aged adults with self-reported constipation.


mSphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Klopp ◽  
Pamela Ferretti ◽  
Claudius U. Meyer ◽  
Katja Hilbert ◽  
Annette Haiß ◽  
...  

Meconium is present in the intestines of infants before and after birth and constitutes their first bowel movements postnatally. The consistency, composition and microbial load of meconium is largely different from infant and adult stool.


2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Wasim Ahmad

To maintain the wellbeing of the human gut, the role of its microflora and their metabolites is fundamental. Probiotics is a Greek term, which is used to define non-living microbes that are beneficial in nature and exert numerous advantages on the host body. The intestinal microflora’s function and activity may also be improved by administering some of the prebiotics (indigestible dietary fibers) independently or in a c combination with probiotics. The term “Synbiotics” is used to denote the combination of both prebiotics and probiotics. It should always be noted that numerous disorders are being associated with the abnormal function of microbiota/microflora that can be regulated and stabilized with the help of ingestion of probiotics, prebiotics or their combination. Multiple benefits are associated with the use of these probiotics, synbiotics and prebiotics including healthier digestive system, proper immune response of the gut and treatment of numerous GI tract disorders. All these issues are encountered because of treatments with new synthetic drugs that affect the digestive system as well as numerous organs in the body. Ulcerative colitis is a term that refers to chronic inflammation of the colon emerging as a result of improper immune response to intestinal microflora of the host. Researchers have studied the effects of synbiotics to treat this chronic condition1. As for the action mechanism of the synbiotics is concerned, it is assumed that they modulate the inflammatory response through expression of the cytokines, probiotic bacteria assisted modulation of the immune cells and prebiotics assisted production of certain short chain fatty acids. Jayanama and Theou studied the consequences of improper ingestion of probiotics and prebiotics in elderly patients. They revealed that physical inactivity, sarcopenia, and polypharmacy could be treated with the help of probiotics, prebiotics or a combination of both2. All the aforementioned disorders can lead to gut dysbiosis. The researchers have also revealed that the gut microbiota homeostasis can be improved with the help of probiotics and prebiotics and they can be a helping hand in the prevention of aging and frailty. It is evident that left and right prescriptions of antibiotics and their use caused antibiotic resistance in the pathogens. This issue can be best resolved with the ingestion of probiotics and prebiotics. The systematic evidence to treat infected chronic wounds has been provided by Brognara et al3. Similarly, chronic wounds and burns treatment is done widely with the use of Lactobacillus plantarum. Some other researchers have reviewed the available data associated with the use of numerous prebiotics in the treatment of idiopathic constipation, and highly prevalent GIT disorrderrs4-6. This is due to the capability of prebiotics to improve the consistency of the stool, bloating and number of bowel movements. A limited data is available regarding the efficacy of prebiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and pouchitis. It is concluded that probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics have been imparting a role in treating GIT disorders including indigestion, traveler’s diarrhea, IBD etc. Scientific reports have revealed their role in the treatment of cancerous disease, obesity, kidney and brain disorders. Many tools for the research of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are now available; therefore, the future bio-therapeutics are going to be changed with the passage of time.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
Barbara Skrzydło-Radomańska ◽  
Bartosz J. Sapilak

Irritable bowel syndrome is a recurrent abdominal pain that occurs at least once a week for 3 months, with symptoms at least 6 months associated with at least two features: bowel movements, change in bowel frequency, change in the appearance of stools. According to the Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria, the disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms. This does not apply to people over 50 years of age (and in the case of first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal cancer after 45 years of age) and patients with alarm symptoms. Due to the lack of a single etiological factor, the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome consists in reducing symptoms and improving the patient’s quality of life. Non-pharmacological treatment includes a high-fiber diet and modification of the microbiota. The most effective drugs are antispasmodics directly affecting the smooth muscle, inhibiting the influx of calcium, i.e. drotaverine, mebeverine and alverine. There has been proven effectiveness of antidepressants. This confirms that functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are a manifestation of the dysfunction of the brain–gut–microbiota axis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6-2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
A. I. Romanitsa ◽  
U. M. Nemchenko ◽  
A. V. Pogodina ◽  
E. V. Grigorova ◽  
N. L. Belkova ◽  
...  

Background. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is one of the important public health problems in the 21st century. Functional bowel disorders in obese children and adolescents are one of the most common pathologies of the digestive tract. The aim: to characterize the bacteriological composition of the colon microbiota in obese adolescents and identify its associations with the clinical manifestations of functional bowel disorders.Materials and methods. The study included 20 adolescents aged 11–17 years. Stool consistency was assessed using the Bristol Stool Scale. The study of biological material was carried out using standard bacteriological methods. To assess the strength of the relationship between the nominal variables, Cramer’s V test was used.Results. It has been shown that in adolescents with obesity and functional bowel disorders, there is a decrease in the number of representatives of bifidoflora, an increase in the microbial density of Escherichia coli with altered enzymatic properties and an excessive growth of potentially pathogenic enterobacteria. In obese adolescents with functional bowel disorders, abdominal pain associated with the act of defecation is associated with the presence of enterobacteria and E. coli with altered enzymatic properties. Rare bowel movements are associated with an increased abundance of Enterococcus spp. and the presence of opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms. Frequent bowel movements are associated with the presence of E. coli with altered enzymatic properties and Clostridium spp. In the presence of loose stool, Clostridium spp. is present; unstable stool (alternation of hard and liquid stools in one patient) is associated with a decrease in the number of lactobacilli and E. coli with normal enzymatic properties, the appearance of E. coli with altered enzymatic properties, opportunistic microorganisms of Enterobacteriaceae family and Clostridium spp. Conclusion. The relationship between the clinical symptoms of functional bowel disorders and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota in obese adolescents may be a justification for conducting in-depth studies aimed at finding early predictors of functional bowel diseases associated with obesity in the adult cohort.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Maurane Rollet ◽  
Torsten Bohn ◽  
Farhad Vahid ◽  

Constipation, a disorder of bowel movements, is among the most frequent gastrointestinal complaints in Western countries. Dietary constituents such as inadequate fiber intake have been related to constipation, but discrepancies exist in the findings regarding dietary factors. This study investigated the association between dietary patterns and bowel movements in adults living in Luxembourg. Data from 1431 participants from ORISCAV-LUX 2 (a cross-sectional survey) who completed a 174-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were analyzed. A questionnaire-based constipation score was assessed by a validated scoring system. Confounders such as physical activity and serum/urine indicators were assessed. Women had higher constipation scores than men (p < 0.001). In food group-based regression models, a negative association was found between higher constipation score and intake of grains (Beta = −0.62, 95%CI: −1.18, −0.05) and lipid-rich foods (Beta = −0.84, 95%CI: −1.55, −0.13), while a positive association was found for sugary products (Beta = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.11, 0.97) (p < 0.05). In a nutrient-based regression model, a positive association was found between constipation score and total energy (Beta = 5.24, 95%CI: 0.37, 10.11) as well as sodium intake (Beta = 2.04, 95%CI: 0.21, 3.87), and a negative one was found for total fats (Beta = −4.17, 95%CI: −7.46, −0.89) and starch (Beta = −2.91, 95%CI: −4.47, −1.36) (p < 0.05). Interestingly, neither fruits and vegetables or dietary fiber were significantly associated with constipation. Thus, grains, lipid-rich foods, total fats and starch were associated with a lower constipation score, while sugary products, sodium, and higher energy intake were correlated with higher constipation.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainhoa Madariaga ◽  
Jenny Lau ◽  
Arunangshu Ghoshal ◽  
Tomasz Dzierżanowski ◽  
Philip Larkin ◽  
...  

Abstract PurposeTo provide evidence based recommendations on the management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) for patients with advanced cancer.MethodsThe Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) MBO study group conducted a systematic review of databases (inception to March 2021) to identify studies about patients with advanced cancer and MBO that reported on the following outcomes: symptom management, bowel obstruction resolution, prognosis, overall survival and quality of life. The review was restricted to studies published in English but no restrictions were placed on publication year, country and study type. As per the MASCC Guidelines Policy, the findings were synthesized to determine the levels of evidence to support each MBO intervention and, ultimately, the graded recommendations and suggestions.ResultsThe systematic review identified 17,656 published studies and 397 selected for the guidelines. The MASCC study group developed a total of 25 evidence-based suggestions and recommendations about management of MBO-related nausea and vomiting, bowel movements, pain, inflammation, bowel decompression and nutrition. Expert consensus-based guidance about advanced care planning and psychosocial support is also provided.ConclusionThis MASCC guideline provides comprehensive, evidence-based recommendations about MBO management for patients with advanced cancer.


Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
А.М. Мадаминов ◽  
Ы.А. Бектенов ◽  
А.Ю. Айсаев ◽  
С.И. Турдалиев

До настоящего времени результаты лечения больных долихосигмой с длительными запорами остаются неудовлетворительными. Так при консервативном лечении долихосигмы неудовлетворительные результаты наблюдаются у 20-30% больных, а прихирургическом лечении доходит до 35-45%. Целью настоящего исследования является изучение результатов хиркргического лечения долихосигмы с длительностью запоров 7 и более дней. Материалом данного исследования являются результаты обследования и хирургического лечения 98 больных долихосигмой с длительными запорами, находившихся в отделении проктологии Национального Госпиталя при Министерстве здравоохранения Кыргызской Республики с 2001 года по 2020 год. Для уточнения диагноза кроме общеклинических методов исследования применены: пальцевое исследование прямой кишки, ректороманоскопия, сфинктерометрия, колоноскапия, ирригоскапия, пассаж бариевой взвеси по толстой кишке. Результаты хирургического лечения больных долихосигмой с длительными запорами в зависимости от вида оперативного вмешательства изучены в сравнительном аспекте. Из 98 больных 50 (51%) пациентам произведена резекция сигмовидной кишки, а 48 (49%) пациентам левосторонняя гемиколэктомия. Изучены отдаленные результаты хирургического лечения долихосигмы с длительными запорами у 79 больных. Так из 79 больных у 38 (48%) пациентов ранее была произведена левосторонняя гемиколэктомия, а у 41 (52%) - резекция сигмовидной кишки. У всех 38 больных перенесших левосторонную гемоколэктомию результаты хирургического лечения были хорошими. У этих пациентов отмечалось самостоятельный стул 1 раз в два дня, исчезли боли в левой половине живота и метиоризм. Из 41 пациента, перенесших резекцию сигмовидной кишки, у 29 (70,7%) больных результаты хирургического лечения оценены кака удовлетворительные. У этих больных улучшилось общее состояние, периодически наблюдался самостоятельный стул. А у 12(29,3%) больных, так же перенесших резекцию сигмовидной кишки, в последующем вновь отмечалось отсутствие самостоятельного стула, возникли боли в левой половине живота и метиоризм. У этих 12 больных результаты хирургического расценены как неудовлетворительные. Таким образом, сравнительный анализ результатов хирургического лечения долихосигмы с длительностью запора 7 и более дней показал преимущества левосторонней гемоколэктомии при этой патологии. Until now, the results of treatment of patients with dolichosigma with prolonged constipation remain unsatisfactory. So with the conservative treatment of dolichosigma, unsatisfactory results are observed in 20-30% of patients, and with surgical treatment it reaches 35-45%. The aim of this research is to study the results of surgical treatment of dolichosigma with constipation duration of 7 or more days. The material of this research is the results of examination and surgical treatment of 98 patients with dolichosigma with prolonged constipation, who were in the proctology department of the National Hospital under the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic since 2001 till 2020. To clarify the diagnosis, in addition to general clinical research methods applied: digital examination of the rectum, sigmoidoscopy, sphincterometry, colonoscopy, irrigoscapia, passage of barium suspension through the colon. The results of surgical treatment of patients with dolichosigma with prolonged constipation, depending on the type of surgical intervention, were studied in a comparative aspect. From 98 patients, 50 (51%) patients underwent resection of the sigmoid colon, and 48 (49%) patients underwent left-sided hemicolectomy. The long-term results of surgical treatment of dolichosigma with prolonged constipation were studied in 79 patients. Thus, out of 79 patients, 38 (48%) patients had previously undergone left-sided hemicolectomy, and of 41 (52%) had sigmoid colon resection. In all 38 patients who underwent left-sided hemocolectomy, the results of surgical treatment were good. These patients had independent bowel movements once every two days, pain in the left abdomen and methiorism disappeared. From 41 patients who underwent resection of the sigmoid colon, in 29 (70.7%) patients, the results of surgical treatment were assessed as satisfactory. These patients have improved their general condition, periodically there was an independent bowel movements. And in 12 (29.3%) patients who also underwent resection of the sigmoid colon, subsequently, there was again a lack of independent bowel movements, and pain in the left side of abdomen and methiorism. In these 12 patients, the results of the surgical procedure were assessed as unsatisfactory. Therefore, a comparative analysis of surgical treatment results of dolichosigma with constipation duration of 7 or more days showed the advantages of left-sided hemocolectomy in this pathology.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 856-864
Author(s):  
Tetania Putri P ◽  
St. Rahmatullah ◽  
Dwi Bagus Pambudi ◽  
S Slamet

AbstractApus shoots (Gigantochloa apus) is a plant that can be used as an appetite enhancer, because it contains curcumin compounds in it. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, dietary fiber has a very important function in the body, which can make children full and facilitate the digestive system. Children's diet with sufficient fiber, can prevent constipation (difficult bowel movements). The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the granules of apus shoots (Gigantochloa apus) extract that met the physical requirements of good granules. The research method for making granules of apus shoots (Gigantochloa apus) extract was wet granulation. The data obtained from this study is that the 1st granule formula is the optimal formula among the three formulas tested because the flow is faster, namely 23.47 gr/second so that the angle of repose is getting smaller, namely 30.02⁰ and the compressibility of 7% obtained is small so that the granules are smaller got good.Key words : Bamboo shoots Extract, Granules, Wet Granulation. AbstrakTanaman rebung apus (Gigantochloa apus) merupakan tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai penambah nafsu makan, karena mengandung senyawa kurkumin didalamnya. Menurut American Academy Ofpediatrics, Serat pangan memiliki fungsi yang sangat penting dalam tubuh yaitu dapat membuat anak kenyang dan memperlancar sistem pencernaan. Pola makan anak dengan serat yang cukup, bisa mencegah sembelit (susah buang air besar). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik granul ekstrak rebung apus (Gigantochloa apus) yang memenuhi persyaratan fisik granul yang baik. Metode penelitian pada pembuatan granul ekstrak rebung apus (Gigantochloa apus) adalah granulasi basah. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah formula granul ke 1 merupakan formula yang optimal diantara tiga formula yang diuji karena sifat aliran lebih cepat yaitu 23,47 gr/detik sehingga sudut diam semakin kecil yaitu 30,02⁰ dan kompresibilitas 7% yang didapatkan kecil sehingga granul yang didapat baik.Kata kunci : Ekstrak Rebung apus, Granul, Granulasi Basah.


2021 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
N.V. Vorobiova ◽  

Purpose — to determine the role of the lactase gene MCM6 allelic polymorphism 13910 C/T and the concomitant food allergy (FA) and atopic dermatitis (AD) on the formation of carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome manifestations in early-aged children with rotavirus infection (RVI). Materials and methods. 60 children aged 1–24 months with RVI were examined. The determination of single nucleotide polymorphism 13910 C/T of the MCM6 gene was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and the content of total Ig E in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay for all children on the day of hospitalization. Total amount of carbohydrates in feces (Benedict's test) and the level of lactose in feces (Malfatti's test) were also determined in the dynamics of the disease (on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th day). The analysis of the carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome clinical and laboratory signs was carried out in subgroups depending on the genotype 13910 C/T of the MCM6 gene and concomitant allergic pathology. Results. No significant differences were found in the maximum daily frequency of diarrhea, its duration and the frequency of intestinal colic and flatulence registration in children with genotypes C/C, C/T and T/T -13910 of the MCM6 gene (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total level of carbohydrates and lactose in feces at all stages of the disease (p>0.05 on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th). Children with concomitant FA and AD had 1.3 and 2 times higher daily frequency of liquid bowel movements during the height of the disease (p<0.05 on the 5th and 7th days, respectively), 1.3 times longer diarrhea (p<0.05), 1.6 and 1.8 times higher incidence of flatulence and intestinal colic (p<0.05). These children had 3 and 3.3 times higher Benedict's test values (p<0.01), as well as 3 and 2.5 times higher Malfatti's test values (p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively) on the 3rd and 5th days of RVI, respectively, than in patients without allergies, with a gradual decrease in this difference during the period of convalescence (p>0.05 on the 10th day). Conclusions. The allelic polymorphism 13910 C/T of the MCM6 gene does not affect the degree of oligosaccharide metabolism disorders in the intestines in early-aged children with RVI. Against the background of concomitant food allergy and atopic dermatitis in children with RVI, there are more pronounced laboratory signs of carbohydrate malabsorption, and, as a consequence, diarrhea more pronounced during the height of the disease with a higher incidence of flatulence and intestinal colic. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: rotavirus infection, early-aged children, carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome, lactase gene polymorphism, food allergy, atopic dermatitis.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document