antiparallel coiled coil
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2021 ◽  
pp. mbc.E20-07-0494
Author(s):  
Samaneh Matoo ◽  
Maura J. Graves ◽  
Prashun Acharya ◽  
Myoung Soo Choi ◽  
Zachary A. Storad ◽  
...  

MyTH4-FERM (MF) myosins evolved to play a role in the creation and function of a variety of actin-based membrane protrusions that extend from cells. Here, we performed an analysis of the MF myosins, Myo7A, Myo7B, and Myo10, to gain insight into how they select for their preferred actin networks. Using enterocytes that create spatially separated actin tracks in the form of apical microvilli and basal filopodia, we show that actin track selection is principally guided by the mode of oligomerization of the myosin along with the identity of the motor domain, with little influence from the specific composition of the lever arm. Chimeric variants of Myo7A and Myo7B fused to a leucine zipper parallel dimerization sequence in place of their native tails both selected apical microvilli as their tracks, while a truncated Myo10 used its native antiparallel coiled-coil to traffic to the tips of filopodia. Swapping lever arms between the Class 7 and 10 myosins did not change actin track preference. Surprisingly, fusing the motor-neck region of Myo10 to a leucine zipper or oligomerization sequences derived from the Myo7A and Myo7B cargo proteins USH1G and ANKS4B, respectively, re-encoded the actin track usage of Myo10 to apical microvilli with significant efficiency.


2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (30) ◽  
pp. e2105447118
Author(s):  
Maria A. Schumacher ◽  
Kelley A. Gallagher ◽  
Neil A. Holmes ◽  
Govind Chandra ◽  
Max Henderson ◽  
...  

Filamentous actinobacteria of the genus Streptomyces have a complex lifecycle involving the differentiation of reproductive aerial hyphae into spores. We recently showed c-di-GMP controls this transition by arming a unique anti-σ, RsiG, to bind the sporulation-specific σ, WhiG. The Streptomyces venezuelae RsiG–(c-di-GMP)2–WhiG structure revealed that a monomeric RsiG binds c-di-GMP via two E(X)3S(X)2R(X)3Q(X)3D repeat motifs, one on each helix of an antiparallel coiled-coil. Here we show that RsiG homologs are found scattered throughout the Actinobacteria. Strikingly, RsiGs from unicellular bacteria descending from the most basal branch of the Actinobacteria are small proteins containing only one c-di-GMP binding motif, yet still bind their WhiG partners. Our structure of a Rubrobacter radiotolerans (RsiG)2–(c-di-GMP)2–WhiG complex revealed that these single-motif RsiGs are able to form an antiparallel coiled-coil through homodimerization, thereby allowing them to bind c-di-GMP similar to the monomeric twin-motif RsiGs. Further data show that in the unicellular actinobacterium R. radiotolerans, the (RsiG)2–(c-di-GMP)2–WhiG regulatory switch controls type IV pilus expression. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the single-motif RsiGs likely represent the ancestral state and an internal gene-duplication event gave rise to the twin-motif RsiGs inherited elsewhere in the Actinobacteria. Thus, these studies show how the anti-σ RsiG has evolved through an intragenic duplication event from a small protein carrying a single c-di-GMP binding motif, which functions as a homodimer, to a larger protein carrying two c-di-GMP binding motifs, which functions as a monomer. Consistent with this, our structures reveal potential selective advantages of the monomeric twin-motif anti-σ factors.


2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika P. Nagarkar ◽  
Galit Fichman ◽  
Joel P. Schneider

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guto G. Rhys ◽  
Christopher W. Wood ◽  
Joseph L. Beesley ◽  
Nathan R. Zaccai ◽  
Antony J. Burton ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTThe association of amphipathic α helices in water leads to α-helical-bundle protein structures. However, the driving force for this—the hydrophobic effect—is not specific and does not define the number or the orientation of helices in the associated state. Rather, this is achieved through deeper sequence-to-structure relationships, which are increasingly being discerned. For example, for one structurally extreme but nevertheless ubiquitous class of bundle—the α-helical coiled coils—relationships have been established that discriminate between all-parallel dimers, trimers and tetramers. Association states above this are known, as are antiparallel and mixed arrangements of the helices. However, these alternative states are less-well understood. Here, we describe a synthetic-peptide system that switches between parallel hexamers and various up-down-up-down tetramers in response to single-amino-acid changes and solution conditions. The main accessible states of each peptide variant are characterized fully in solution and, in most cases, to high-resolution X-ray crystal structures. Analysis and inspection of these structures helps rationalize the different states formed. This navigation of the structural landscape of α-helical coiled coils above the dimers and trimers that dominate in nature has allowed us to design rationally a well-defined and hyperstable antiparallel coiled-coil tetramer (apCC-Tet). This robust de novo protein provides another scaffold for further structural and functional designs in protein engineering and synthetic biology.


Biochemistry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (47) ◽  
pp. 6581-6591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Song ◽  
Minxing Li ◽  
Gaohua Liu ◽  
G.V.T. Swapna ◽  
Nourhan S. Daigham ◽  
...  

Biopolymers ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wheaton Little ◽  
James P. Robblee ◽  
Caroline L. Dahlberg ◽  
Bashkim Kokona ◽  
Robert Fairman

2014 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szczepaniak ◽  
Grzegorz Lach ◽  
Janusz M. Bujnicki ◽  
Stanislaw Dunin-Horkawicz

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deqiang Yao ◽  
Maia Cherney ◽  
Miroslaw Cygler

Legionella pneumophilasecretes over 300 effectors during the invasion of human cells. The functions of only a small number of them have been identified. LegC3 is one of the identified effectors, which is believed to act by inhibiting vacuolar fusion. It contains two predicted transmembrane helices that divide the protein into a larger N-terminal domain and a smaller C-terminal domain. The function of LegC3 has been shown to be associated primarily with the N-terminal domain, which contains coiled-coil sequence motifs. The structure of the N-terminal domain has been determined and it is shown that it is highly α-helical and contains a helical bundle followed by a long antiparallel coiled-coil. No similar protein fold has been observed in the PDB. A long loop at the tip of the coiled-coil distal from the membrane is disordered and may be important for interaction with an as yet unidentified protein.


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