Symmetries and Covariant Poisson Brackets on Presymplectic Manifolds

As the space of solutions of the first-order Hamiltonian field theory has a presymplectic structure, we describe a class of conserved charges associated with the momentum map, determined by a symmetry group of transformations. A gauge theory is dealt with by using a symplectic regularization based on an application of Gotay’s coisotropic embedding theorem. An analysis of electrodynamics and of the Klein–Gordon theory illustrate the main results of the theory as well as the emergence of the energy–momentum tensor algebra of conserved currents.

Conserved laws and dynamical structure of axions coupled to photons

In this work, we carry out a study of the conserved quantities and dynamical structure of the four-dimensional modified axion electrodynamics theory described by the axion-photon coupling. In the first part of the analysis, we employ the covariant phase space method to construct the conserved currents and to derive the Noether charges associated with the gauge symmetry of the theory. We further derive the improved energy–momentum tensor using the Belinfante–Rosenfeld procedure, which leads us to the expressions for the energy, momentum, and energy flux densities. Thereafter, with the help of Faddeev–Jackiw’s Hamiltonian reduction formalism, we obtain the relevant fundamental brackets structure for the dynamic variables and the functional measure for determining the quantum transition amplitude. We also confirm that modified axion electrodynamics has three physical degrees of freedom per space point. Moreover, using this symplectic framework, we yield the gauge transformations and the structure of the constraints directly from the zero-modes of the corresponding pre-symplectic matrix.

Extended superconformal higher-spin gauge theories in four dimensions

Using the off-shell formulation for $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 conformal supergravity in four dimensions, we describe superconformal higher-spin multiplets of conserved currents in a curved background and present their associated unconstrained gauge prepotentials. The latter are used to construct locally superconformal chiral actions, which are demonstrated to be gauge invariant in arbitrary conformally flat backgrounds. The main $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 results are then generalised to the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N -extended case. We also present the gauge-invariant field strengths for on-shell massless higher-spin $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 supermultiplets in anti-de Sitter space. These field strengths prove to furnish representations of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 superconformal group.

First steps in classical field theory

Classical field theory, as it is applied to the most simple scalar, vector and spinor fields in flat spacetime, is described. The Klein-Gordan, Weyl and Dirac equations are obtained, and some features of their solutions are discussed. The Yukawa potential, the plane wave solutions, and the conserved currents are obtained. Spinors are introduced, both through physical pictures (flagpole and flag) and algebraic defintions (complex vectors). The relationship between spinors and four-vectors is given, and related to the Lie groups SU(2) and SO(3). The Dirac spinor is introduced.

The field-theoretical methods in Lovelock gravity

The field-theoretical methods are used to construct conserved currents and related superpotentials for perturbations on arbitrary backgrounds in the Lovelock gravity. The perturbations are considered as a dynamic field configuration propagating in a given spacetime. The field-theoretical formalism is exact (without approximations) and equivalent to the original metric theory. As Lagrangian based formalism, it allows us to apply the Noether theorem. As a result, we construct conserved currents and superpotentials, where we use arbitrary displacement vectors, not only the Killing ones or other special vectors. The developed formalism is checked in calculating mass of the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole. The new formalism is adopted to the case of a so-called pure Lovelock gravity, where in the Lagrangian only a one polynomial in Riemannian tensor presents. We construct conserved charges and currents for static and dynamic black holes of the Vaidya type with AdS, dS and flat asymptotics. New properties of the solutions under consideration have been found. The more results are discussed. The first section in your paper

On the Schwarzschild solution in TEGR

Conserved currents, superpotentials and charges for the Schwarzschild black hole in the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity (TEGR) are constructed. We work in the covariant formalism and use the Noether machinery to construct conserved quantities that are covariant/invariant with respect to both coordinate and local Lorentz transformations. The constructed quantities depend on the vector field ξ and we consider two different possibilities, when ξ is chosen as either a timelike Killing vector or a four-velocity of an observer. We analyze and discuss the physical meaning of each choice in different frames: static and freely falling Lemaitre frame. Moreover, a new generalized free-falling frame with an arbitrary initial velocity at infinity is introduced. We derive the inertial spin connection for various tetrads in different frames and find that the “switching-off” gravity method leads to ambiguities.

Elements of Classical Field Theory

The purpose of this chapter is to recall the principles of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian classical mechanics. Many results are presented without detailed proofs. We obtain the Euler–Lagrange equations of motion, and show the equivalence with Hamilton’s equations. We derive Noether’s theorem and show the connection between symmetries and conservation laws. These principles are extended to a system with an infinite number of degrees of freedom, i.e. a classical field theory. The invariance under a Lie group of transformations implies the existence of conserved currents. The corresponding charges generate, through the Poisson brackets, the infinitesimal transformations of the fields as well as the Lie algebra of the group.

Four-point correlation modular bootstrap for OPE densities

In this work we apply the lightcone bootstrap to a four-point function of scalars in two-dimensional conformal field theory. We include the entire Virasoro symmetry and consider non-rational theories with a gap in the spectrum from the vacuum and no conserved currents. For those theories, we compute the large dimension limit (h/c ≫ 1) of the OPE spectral decomposition of the Virasoro vacuum. We then propose a kernel ansatz that generalizes the spectral decomposition beyond h/c ≫ 1. Finally, we estimate the corrections to the OPE spectral densities from the inclusion of the lightest operator in the spectrum.

The Cosmological Bootstrap: Spinning correlators from symmetries and factorization

We extend the cosmological bootstrap to correlators involving massless spinning particles, focusing on spin-1 and spin-2. In de Sitter space, these correlators are constrained both by symmetries and by locality. In particular, the de Sitter isometries become conformal symmetries on the future boundary of the spacetime, which are reflected in a set of Ward identities that the boundary correlators must satisfy. We solve these Ward identities by acting with weight-shifting operators on scalar seed solutions. Using this weight-shifting approach, we derive three- and four-point correlators of massless spin-1 and spin-2 fields with conformally coupled scalars. Four-point functions arising from tree-level exchange are singular in particular kinematic configurations, and the coefficients of these singularities satisfy certain factorization properties. We show that in many cases these factorization limits fix the structure of the correlators uniquely, without having to solve the conformal Ward identities. The additional constraint of locality for massless spinning particles manifests itself as current conservation on the boundary. We find that the four-point functions only satisfy current conservation if the s, t, and u-channels are related to each other, leading to nontrivial constraints on the couplings between the conserved currents and other operators in the theory. For spin-1 currents this implies charge conservation, while for spin-2 currents we recover the equivalence principle from a purely boundary perspective. For multiple spin-1 fields, we recover the structure of Yang--Mills theory. Finally, we apply our methods to slow-roll inflation and derive a few phenomenologically relevant scalar-tensor three-point functions.