project governance
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2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Lan Luo ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Junwei Zheng ◽  
Jianxun Xie

This study builds a measurement framework of project governance for mega-infrastructure considering the institutional situation of mega-infrastructure projects in China, including contractual governance, relational governance, and governmental governance. The factors of governmental governance are identified by the method of grounded theory with six cases of megaprojects, and the measures of project governance for mega-infrastructure are refined by expert interviews. The 235 questionnaires are collected, and exploratory factor analysis is used to identify six factors of the governance mechanism for mega-infrastructure projects. The scales are developed, and reliability and validity tests are conducted. Results indicate that (1) the governmental governance mechanism includes government decision, government supervision, and government coordination. (2) The three-dimensional framework of project governance is established as “contractual–relational–governmental” in the field of mega-infrastructure. (3) The measurement scales of project governance are developed and validated for mega-infrastructure, including government regulation, government coordination, risk sharing, revenue distribution, relationship maintenance, and cultural development. This research contributes to (a) the state of the knowledge by gaining a holistic and comprehensive understanding of project governance in mega-infrastructure in China, and (b) the state of the practice by providing a tool for measuring project governance in mega-infrastructure.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261793
Author(s):  
Terry P. Haines ◽  
Mari Botti ◽  
Natasha Brusco ◽  
Lisa O’Brien ◽  
Bernice Redley ◽  
...  

Disinvestment is the removal or reduction of previously provided practices or services, and has typically been undertaken where a practice or service has been clearly shown to be ineffective, inefficient and/or harmful. However, practices and services that have uncertain evidence of effectiveness, efficiency and safety can also be considered as candidates for disinvestment. Disinvestment from these practices and services is risky as they may yet prove to be beneficial if further evidence becomes available. A novel research approach has previously been described for this situation, allowing disinvestment to take place while simultaneously generating evidence previously missing from consideration. In this paper, we describe how this approach can be expanded to situations where three or more conditions are of relevance, and describe the protocol for a trial examining the reduction and elimination of use of mobilisation alarms on hospital wards to prevent patient falls. Our approach utilises a 3-group, concurrent, non-inferiority, stepped wedge, randomised design with an embedded parallel, cluster randomised design. Eighteen hospital wards with high rates of alarm use (≥3%) will be paired within their health service and randomly allocated to a calendar month when they will transition to a “Reduced” (<3%) or “Eliminated” (0%) mobilisation alarm condition. Dynamic randomisation will be used to determine which ward in each pair will be allocated to either the reduced or eliminated condition to promote equivalence between wards for the embedded parallel, cluster randomised component of the design. A project governance committee will set non-inferiority margins. The primary outcome will be rates of falls. Secondary clinical, process, safety, and economic outcomes will be collected and a concurrent economic evaluation undertaken.


2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger E. Auster ◽  
Stewart W. Barr ◽  
Richard E. Brazier

AbstractSpecies reintroductions are growing in popularity, and example motivations include supporting species populations or the restoration of ecosystem function. Interactions between humans and the reintroduced species are likely to occur post-reintroduction. Coexistence between humans and wildlife is adaptive and dynamic, in part requiring management of conflicts between humans and wildlife, or of conflicts between humans over wildlife management. We seek to learn from the experiences of steering group members in a Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) project in England and identify how governance of coexistence with reintroduced species may differ from the governance of coexistence with species that are already present in the landscape. Using a qualitative thematic analysis of an online survey, we identify a series of lessons in six key areas: (1) project governance, (2) stakeholder engagement, (3) research and monitoring programme, (4) strategy to manage arising conflicts, (5) public engagement, and (6) broad perspectives on reintroduction trials. We advocate for reflective evaluation as an essential component of reintroduction projects to enable knowledge-sharing from experiences, leading to improved practices in the future. Reflecting on our analysis, we identify and define ‘Renewed Coexistence’—a new term that draws on pre-existing coexistence knowledge but identifies the unique elements that relate to governing coexistence with reintroduced species.


2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522110598
Author(s):  
Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Latiff ◽  
Aini Jaapar ◽  
Che Maznah Mat Isa

Poverty alleviation projects are implemented as part of the national development and prosperity agenda. This study aimed to gain an understanding of the factors that contribute to the project governance practices in poverty alleviation efforts for the rural poor in Malaysia, which will lead to better project delivery and the successful outcome of the projects. Multiple case studies were conducted on two public initiative housing assistance projects in rural areas of peninsular Malaysia. It explored how dealing with the rural poor influences public officials in conducting projects through stewardship-governance notion. A qualitative approach through multiple case studies was utilised in this study where multiple sources of evidence were used such as semi-structured interviews with 12 public officials, document analysis and observation. The study discovered five factors that contribute to project governance practices, namely altruistic empathy, intrinsic motivation, effective leadership, learning environment and shared vision where these factors interplay with each other towards the achievement of project outcome. Hence, this article contributes to the dynamic understanding of how public officials embraced motivational factors in conducting their works related to the rural poverty alleviation projects. Appropriate utilisation of project governance practices drives for better project delivery to the target groups.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Johnstone

<p>IT projects have long been problematic, particularly as they have grown in size and complexity, frequently integrating several organisational functions, and often involving many stakeholders as a result. A common problem with large, complex IT projects is stakeholder conflict. Unless conflict is resolved effectively, there is a risk that the project will suffer delays and struggle to make progress. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role that environmental factors, such as culture, power, and history, play in conflict resolution. This study also examines how IT project governance can moderate the negative effects of environmental factors, and facilitate more successful conflict resolution. A systems perspective is used to represent the research framework. A positivist, qualitative research method using three case studies is used to examine the nature of conflict resolution in IT projects, comparing and contrasting outcomes. IT project governance arrangements (policies, authority structures and mechanisms) are found to be critical to the way stakeholder conflict is resolved</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Johnstone

<p>IT projects have long been problematic, particularly as they have grown in size and complexity, frequently integrating several organisational functions, and often involving many stakeholders as a result. A common problem with large, complex IT projects is stakeholder conflict. Unless conflict is resolved effectively, there is a risk that the project will suffer delays and struggle to make progress. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role that environmental factors, such as culture, power, and history, play in conflict resolution. This study also examines how IT project governance can moderate the negative effects of environmental factors, and facilitate more successful conflict resolution. A systems perspective is used to represent the research framework. A positivist, qualitative research method using three case studies is used to examine the nature of conflict resolution in IT projects, comparing and contrasting outcomes. IT project governance arrangements (policies, authority structures and mechanisms) are found to be critical to the way stakeholder conflict is resolved</p>


Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Knut Boge ◽  
Amin Haddadi ◽  
Ole Jonny Klakegg ◽  
Alenka Temeljotov Salaj

Real estate and buildings are some of facility managers’ most costly resources. Thus, knowledge about how to get the most out of building or renovation projects both in the short term and in the long term are of great importance for facility managers. This paper investigates which factors are most important for building and renovation projects’ output or short-term value creation, and outcome or long-term value creation, i.e., the completed building’s effect for owners and users. Thus, the focus is not primarily financial and the buildings’ asset value. The study is based on a national questionnaire survey in Norway (550 respondents). Multivariate statistics (Principal Component Analysis and Linear Multiple Regressions validated with bootstrapping) were used to test the hypotheses. Short-term project management priorities, such as early involvement of technical contractors and FM providers, contract strategy and involvement of owners and users largely decide the qualities of the building, and thus the potential for long-term value creation. The most important factors for long-term value creation, i.e., buildings that facilitate the demand organisation’s value creation are the qualities of the completed building, project governance and involvement of owners and users during early phase planning.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.P. Arsecularatne ◽  
◽  
Y.G. Sandanayake ◽  

In this era of globalisation and fierce competition among businesses, contractors in the construction industry often tend to engage in opportunistic behaviour to gain more benefits at the expense of owners. The past researchers have defined contractors’ opportunistic behaviour (COB) as the behaviour of the contractor that is motivated to pursue self-interests at the expense of the client. The researchers in this field have identified project governance (PG), which considered as management of project management can be used to minimise the COB. Trust and formal control are the major PG modes that are used in the global construction industry. However, there is a dearth of research that identified the suitable PG modes to minimise the effects of COB in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Hence, this study aims to investigate the PG modes that can be used to minimise the effects of COB. Accordingly, qualitative research approach was adopted to achieve the research aim. A comprehensive literature review followed by case studies was conducted to investigate the synergy between the concepts. Information gathered were subjected to content analysis. This study revealed that formal control and combination of trust and formal control as the most suitable PG modes for Sri Lankan construction industry. The research further identified the factors that affect the COB namely, contractors focus on revenue maximisation, external uncertainties, contractual complexity, and dynamic complexity. The study further highlighted the importance of minimising COB to help minimise conflicts and reduce the financial losses incur for project stakeholders.


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