Fear of missing out (FoMO) and internet use: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and aims FoMO has been considered a predisposing factor toward excessive internet use, and a great deal of literature has investigated the link between FoMO and internet use. However, there is still a lack of cohesion in the literature. Methods The current study have been conducted and reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results In the current systematic review and meta-analysis of 86 effect-sizes, representative of 55,134 participants (Mean age = 22.07, SD = 6.15, females = 58.37%), we found that the strength of the trait FoMO- internet use association significantly varies from r = 0.11 to r = 0.63. In some populations, FoMO appears to increase with age and it is reverse in other populations. Facebook use was unrelated to FoMO in some populations, and higher FoMO was linked with stopping Instagram use for some individuals. The FoMO- internet use association was independent of their severity, as the interaction was not significant, and this association was neither linear nor curvilinear. The FoMO-internet use association does not appear to be associated with depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms or level of life satisfaction. The COVID-19 pandemic was the only significant moderator of the FoMO-internet use association, strengthening this relationship. Discussion and Conclusions FoMO demonstrates a considerable role in internet use; however, there is no evidence of interaction or bi-directional association between the mentioned. Overall, we still don’t know what factors contribute to individuals exhibiting distinct patterns in the FoMO-internet use association.

Perceived Partner Responsiveness and Depression: The Moderating Role of Age and Gender

A growing body of research suggests that greater perceived partner responsiveness- the extent to which individuals feel cared for, understood, and validated by their romantic partner- leads to longer, healthier, and happier life in adulthood, yet little is known about possible moderating factors between responsiveness and well-being. Using a longitudinal design, the current study tested the moderating roles of age and gender in association between perceived partner responsiveness and depression symptoms. The data for the present study came from the National Survey of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS I and II) which is a longitudinal study on health and aging. A life span sample of 2856 married or cohabiting individuals (1402 Female, Mage= 47.16) completed measures of perceived partner responsiveness, depression, age, and gender in two waves (T1 and T2). The results showed that greater perceived partner responsiveness at T1 predicted lower depressive symptoms at T2 controlling for depressive symptoms at T1. This finding remained when controlling for potential confounders including demographics and health covariates. The moderation analysis demonstrated that participants’ age was not a significant moderator in the association between perceived partner responsiveness and depression. Yet, gender significantly was a significant moderator such that the association of perceived partner responsiveness and depression was significant for female but not for male participants. These findings can have implications for mental health and relational well-being.

The Roles of Initial Mathematics, Reading, and Cognitive Skills in Subsequent Mathematics Performance: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling Approach

In the present meta-analysis, we systematically investigated the relative contributions of students’ initial mathematics, reading, and cognitive skills on subsequent mathematics performance measured at least 3 months later. With one-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling, we conducted analyses based on 580,437 students from 265 independent samples and 250 studies. Findings suggested fluency in both mathematics and reading, as well as working memory, yielded greater impacts on subsequent mathematics performance. Age emerged as a significant moderator in the model, such that the effects of comprehensive mathematics and working memory on subsequent mathematics increased with age, whereas attention and self-regulation’s impacts declined with age. Time lag between assessments also emerged as a significant moderator, such that the effects of word-problem solving and word recognition accuracy decreased as the time lag increased, whereas vocabulary, attention, and self-regulation’s effects increased as the time lag increased.

Investigating the Effects of Tablet-Based Math Interventions: A Meta-Analysis

There is debate over the effectiveness of using touch-screen tablet technology on overall student learning gains. This article provides a meta-analysis of studies that used tablets for the delivery of math interventions, programs, or apps to increase student math achievement. A total of 20 group design studies with 2,805 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, tablet-based math interventions provided moderate positive effects for student math gains. Significant moderator variables included participant ethnicity, and socio-economic status, selecting a specific app for use, minutes in intervention, dependent variable, and type of control group. Discussion focuses on the need for more rigorous methodology and reporting of participant and design variables in future studies and the implications for researchers and practitioners when using tablets as a delivery method for math interventions.

710Do exercise facilities moderate the effect of socioeconomic inequities in Body Mass Index?

Background The influence of area-level socioeconomic status (SES) on Body Mass Index (BMI) and adiposity is well known. There is an unequal distribution of exercise facilities (EF), which is dependent on area-level SES. However, is unclear whether EF intervenes on the relationship between SES and BMI. Methods BMI data were obtained from baseline of the Heart Healthy Hoods Cohort. Overall, 1,258 (40-75 years old) residents of Madrid, Spain were recruited between 2017 and 2019. Area-level SES was calculated for each census section based on 7 indicators in 4 domains: education, welfare, employment and living conditions. Availability of EF was defined as the count of EF in a 1,000m street network buffer around participants’ census sections of residence. A five-step mediation analysis was carried out to quantify the effect of EF availability. Analysis of each specific path was carried out with multilevel regression model, adjusted by sex and population density. Results Increases in SES were associated with decreases in BMI (β=-0.723, IC95% -1.003; -0.444). Alike, increases on availability of EF were associated with decreases on BMI (β=-0.09, IC95% -0.132; -0.048). Multilevel regression confirmed availability of EF was a significant moderator between SES and BMI (β=-0.566, IC95% -0.959; -0.173). Thus, the indirect effect of EF on the association between SES on diabetes was -0.258. Conclusions Availability of exercise facilities moderate socioeconomic inequities in BMI. Key messages Increasing the availability of EF in disadvantaged areas may have the potential to moderate inequities related to body size.

Paternal Borderline Symptoms and Offspring Outcomes in Young Adulthood

Borderline personality disorder symptoms (BPDsx) in mothers have been linked to psychopathology in their offspring. However, it is still unclear whether BPDsx in fathers influences offspring psychopathology and, if so, how this risk transmission may occur. A total of 448 father-mother-offspring triads completed a longitudinal study following children from birth until age 20 and included self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews when children were 15 and 20 years old. Results revealed that paternal BPDsx were predictive of youth BPDsx and internalizing symptoms, even after controlling for maternal BPDsx. Chronic family stress was a significant mediator of the relationship between paternal BPDsx and offspring BPDsx, internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms. Fathers' expressed emotion and child temperament were not significant mediators. Although offspring sex predicted youth outcomes, it was not a significant moderator of the association between paternal BPDsx and offspring symptoms. Finally, controlling for comorbid paternal disorders weakened the association between paternal BPDsx and youth psychopathology.

Does the Dark Side of Personality Traits Explain Compulsive Smartphone Use of Higher Education Students? The Interaction Effect of Dark Side of Personality with Desirability and Feasibility of Smartphone Use

Research on compulsive use of smartphones amongst students largely remains unexplored. The study seeks to investigate the feasibility and desirability motives—instant gratification, mood regulations, convenience, flow and personality—to understand the compulsive use of smartphones. The results of the useful data of 200 respondents following purposive sampling design, provided evidence of instant gratification, mood regulation and convenience motives, which significantly explain flow and compulsive smartphone use. Personality of users also appeared as a significant moderator between flow and compulsive smartphone use. The findings of the study reveal that the personality of smartphone users enhances the propensity to build compulsive smartphone use. Additionally, the findings reveal the double-edged sword impact of flow in forming compulsive smartphone use and allowing smartphone brands to design phones that help phone users to develop self-control over their behaviours related to using smartphones.

Sociocultural attitudes as a moderator of the relations between negative eating and weight messages from family members and Latinas' body image shame

Research shows that family members are important for young women's body image. Using the sociocultural model, I explored associations between negative eating and weight messages from fathers, mothers, and sisters and Latinas' internalized and externalized body image shame and the moderating role of Latinas' sociocultural attitudes (i.e., internalization of US Western beauty standards) on those associations. I conducted hierarchical linear regression analyses and found positive associations between negative eating and weight messages from fathers and mothers and Latinas' internalized body image shame. Additionally, I found positive associations between negative eating and weight messages from fathers, mothers, and sisters and Latinas' externalized body image shame. Lastly, Latinas' sociocultural attitudes was positively associated with both internalized and externalized body image shame, but was not a significant moderator. My findings reveal that family members' negative comments are harmful for Latinas' body image. Further, my findings have important clinical implications for practitioners working with Latinx families.

637 Cumulative risk associated with poor sleep health in children and adolescents

Introduction Social risk factors are associated with poor sleep outcomes across the life course. It is unclear if this association varies based on biological factors, such as age and gender. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis was to identify if age or gender moderated the association between cumulative risk and sleep duration/regularity in a national sample of children and adolescents. Methods We completed a secondary data analysis using the National Survey of Children’s Health 2017–2018 publicly available dataset. In a sample of 36,997 children age 6–17 years, we explored the association between a social cumulative risk index score (CRI) and child sleep duration and regularity. We included eight dichotomous social risk variables in the CRI: parental education Results Age was a significant moderator of the association between CRI and short sleep duration, such that the magnitude of the CRI-sleep relationship was greater in school-age children (age 6–11; b = -0.13, p<0.001) compared to adolescents (age 12–17 years; b = -0.05, p<0.001). Age was not a significant moderator between CRI and sleep irregularity. However, CRI independently predicted increased odds of sleep irregularity (OR = 1.30, p<.001) and older age moderately increased the odds of sleep irregularity (OR = 1.21, p = 0.06). Sex was not a significant moderator of the association between CRI and sleep duration or sleep regularity. However, female sex was positively associated with sleep duration (b = 0.06, p = 0.11), but was not a significant independent predictor of sleep irregularity. Conclusion Younger children with cumulative risk factors are at risk for short sleep duration. Further research is needed to uncover biological mechanisms underlying multiple sleep parameters across developmental ages. Support (if any):

The Relation Between Anti-Fat Stereotypes and Anti-Fat Prejudices: The Role of Gender as a Moderator

Research suggests that people attribute more negative traits to individuals with obesity than to non-obese individuals, and that females with obesity are seen more negatively than males. The theory also suggests that stereotypes are cognitive predecessors of prejudices. The aims of this research were to examine the latent structure underlying anti-fat stereotypical traits, differences in perceiving individuals with obesity and non-obese individuals, male and female individuals with obesity, as well as the role of anti-fat stereotypes in anti-fat prejudices. The sample consisted of 106 respondents (Male = 16; Female = 86; Mean age = 19.98), who graded stimuli photographs of male and female individuals (with obesity and average-weight) on series of anti-fat stereotypical traits on two occasions, and filled in Anti-fat prejudices questionnaire. The data were analyzed through EFA and CFA, ANOVA, and structural equation modeling (moderation). Four factors behind stereotypical traits were extracted: Positive social image, Perceived lack of self-care, Perceived persistence, and Antipathy. It has been shown that respondents gave stimuli photographs of individuals with obesity lower scores on Positive social image and Perceived persistence, and higher scores on Perceived lack of self-care and Antipathy. The same results were obtained for females within the subsample of individuals with obesity. Furthermore, it has been shown that certain anti-fat stereotypes (Positive social image, Perceived lack of self-care, and Perceived persistence) predict anti-fat prejudices, and that gender was a significant moderator of the effect of Perceived lack of self-care on anti-fat prejudices. We can conclude that individuals with obesity are indeed seen in a more negative light than non-obese individuals, and that this is more pronounced for females with obesity, which is in accordance with previous studies. Moreover, the results suggest the possible role of anti-fat stereotypes as cognitive predecessors of anti-fat prejudices, and that gender of individuals with obesity has an effect on this relationship.