brassicaceae family
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Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Catarina Melim ◽  
Maria R. Lauro ◽  
Isabel M. Pires ◽  
Paulo J. Oliveira ◽  
Célia Cabral

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of rapidly renewing cells, which increase the likelihood of cancer. Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed GI cancers and currently stands in second place regarding cancer-related mortality. Unfortunately, the treatment of GI is limited, and few developments have occurred in the field over the years. With this in mind, new therapeutic strategies involving biologically active phytocompounds are being evaluated as anti-cancer agents. Vegetables such as broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, and radish, all belonging to the Brassicaceae family, are high in dietary fibre, minerals, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols, and glucosinolates. The latter compound is a secondary metabolite characteristic of this family and, when biologically active, has demonstrated anti-cancer properties. This article reviews the literature regarding the potential of Cruciferous vegetables in the prevention and/or treatment of GI cancers and the relevance of appropriate compound formulations for improving the stability and bioaccessibility of the major Cruciferous compounds, with a particular focus on glucosinolates.


Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-604
Author(s):  
Anderson Bergamasco Hryczyna ◽  
Tiago Roque Benetoli da Silva ◽  
Lucas Ambrosano ◽  
Gesmila Karoline Zampronio

A canola (Brassica napus L. var oleífera) é uma oleaginosa, pertencente à família Brassicaceae, resultado do cruzamento interespecífico entre repolho silvestre (Brassica oleracea L.) e mostarda (Brassica rapa L., syn. campestris). O boro é considerado um micronutriente, que atua na translocação de açúcares, formação de proteínas, crescimento do tubo polínico, germinação dos grãos de pólen, desenvolvimento das sementes e das paredes celulares. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar as interferências nos componentes produtivos de dois híbridos de canola com a aplicação de adubação com boro por via foliar. Para tanto, instalou-se um experimento em condições de campo num delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3. Utilizou-se os híbridos Hyola 433 e Hyola 575 CL e três doses de boro foliar (0;100; 200) g ha-1 de B. As seguintes características foram avaliadas:  número de plantas, número de síliquas por planta, massa de parte aérea, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade. Com a aplicação de boro houve aumento da massa de grãos independente do híbrido. Para produtividade houve aumento somente para o híbrido Hyola 433, sendo a maior produtividade alcançada na dose de 200 g ha-1. O híbrido Hyola 575 CL não teve sua produtividade alterada com a aplicação de boro. Palavras-chave: ácido bórico; Brassica napus L. var. oleífera; colza; massa de 100 grãos; oleaginosa.   Leaf boron fertilization in two rapessed   ABSTRACT: Rapessed (Brassica napus L. var oleífera) is an oilseed, belongs to Brassicaceae family, resultated between inter specific crossing of wild cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and mustard (Brassica rapa L., syn. campestris). Boron is considered a micronutrient, acting in sugars translocation, protein formation, pollen tube growth, pollen grain germination, seeds and cell wall development. The aimed was to study the interferences in productive components of two rapessed hybrids with application of boron fertilization by leaf application. For this, a field experiment was installed by using experimental design of randomized blocks in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme.  Hyola 433 and Hyola 575CL hybrids and three doses of leaf boron (0; 100 and 200) g ha-1 of B were used. The following characteristics were evaluated: plants number, number of pods per plant, mass of one hundred grains and yield. With boron application there was an increase in grain mass independent of the hybrid. In relation grain yield there was increase only for Hyola 433 hybrid, with the highest yield reached at 200 g ha-1. The Hyola 575CL hybrid did not have its productivity altered with the application of boron. Keywords: boric acid; Brassica napus L. var. oleífera; mustard; mass of a hundred grass; oilseeds.


Author(s):  
Emre SEVİNDİK ◽  
Mehmet Yavuz PAKSOY

Brassicaceae family is an important one since it includes many economic and significant industrial oilseeds, spices, vegetables and some forage plants. In this study, sequences analysis among Chrysochamela (Brassicaceae) species distributed in Turkey were conducted nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL intron sequences. Chrysochamela species were collected and brought to the laboratory. ITS and trnL intron sequences were corrected with BioEdit and FinchTV programs. As a result of the study, ITS nucleotide compound compositions were determined as 22.7% T, 29.1 C, 21.5% A and 26.7% G. The lowest distance was 0.000 and the highest distance was 0.037. The phylogenetic tree obtained using the MEGA 6.0 program consists of two large groups. According to trnL intron sequences 37.9% T, 18.4 C, 28.3% A and 15.5% G. Nucleotide compound compositions were determined. The genetic distance between species was determined between 0.000 and 0.022. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree consists of two large groups.  As a result, phylogenetic analyzes using ITS and trnL intron sequences were compatible with each other. It was also in past studies found to be supported by morphological, anatomical and RAPD data.


Author(s):  
Yu.Yu. Pomorova ◽  
◽  
V.V. Pyatovsky ◽  
D.V. Beskorovayny ◽  
Yu.M. Serova ◽  
...  

Cultivation of oil crops of Brassicaceae family is an important part of agricultural production in many countries. Currently, interest to Brassicaceae crops is caused with their high productivity, diverse fatty-acid composition of oil of the modern cultivars, and a possibility to use them by various ways. Vegetable oils produced from Brassicaceae crops are, on the one hand, a basis of a rational human nutrition, on the other hand, this is a necessary raw material for the different industries. A balance between general chemical and amino acid compositions of protein allows using it in production of compound animal feeds and foods based on vegetable protein, having high nutritional value and useful technological characteristics (oil, protein, and essential amino acids contents). This paper presents a comparative description and principal features of the general chemical and amino acid composition of some oil crops of the Brassicaceae family. Analysis of the Russian and foreign literary sources proves the importance of further development and studying in this direction with the aim of breeding new cultivars with desired properties and providing domestic food industry with quality and safe products.


Author(s):  
Qiwei Tang ◽  
Hanhui Kuang ◽  
Changchun Yu ◽  
Guanghui An ◽  
Rong Tao ◽  
...  

Abstract Key message We identified the loss ofBoFLC gene as the cause of non-vernalization requirement inB. oleracea. Our developed codominant marker ofBoFLCgene can be used for breeding program ofB. oleraceacrops. Abstract Many species of the Brassicaceae family, including some Brassica crops, require vernalization to avoid pre-winter flowering. Vernalization is an unfavorable trait for Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. chinensis Lei), a stem vegetable, and therefore it has been lost during its domestication/breeding process. To reveal the genetics of vernalization variation, we constructed an F2 population through crossing a Chinese kale (a non-vernalization crop) with a kale (a vernalization crop). Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and RNA-seq, we identified one major quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling vernalization and fine-mapped it to a region spanning 80 kb. Synteny analysis and PCR-based sequencing results revealed that compared to that of the kale parent, the candidate region of the Chinese kale parent lost a 9,325-bp fragment containing FLC homolog (BoFLC). In addition to the BoFLC gene, there are four other FLC homologs in the genome of B. oleracea, including Bo3g005470, Bo3g024250, Bo9g173370, and Bo9g173400. The qPCR analysis showed that the BoFLC had the highest expression among the five members of the FLC family. Considering the low expression levels of the four paralogs of BoFLC, we speculate that its paralogs cannot compensate the function of the lost BoFLC, therefore the presence/absence (PA) polymorphism of BoFLC determines the vernalization variation. Based on the PA polymorphism of BoFLC, we designed a codominant marker for the vernalization trait, which can be used for breeding programs of B. oleracea crops.


Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Natalia Drabińska ◽  
Maja Jeż ◽  
Mariana Nogueira

Vegetables from the Brassicaceae family are excellent sources of bioactive phytochemicals and may reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Variation of phytochemicals in the edible part of cauliflower is known. However, information about the distribution of bioactive and nutritive compounds as well as antioxidant activity among aerial organs of cauliflower is unavailable. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the distribution of glucosinolates (GLS), phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophylls, nutritive compounds and antioxidant capacity between the aerial parts of the common variety of cauliflower and to evaluate whether these changes contribute to the differences in the antioxidant capacity between the plant organs. Our study showed that all the aerial organs of cauliflower are a rich source of health-promoting bioactive compounds, including GLS, phenolics and flavonoids, exhibiting antioxidant capacity. The highest contents of phytochemicals and the highest antioxidant capacity were found in leaves. Cauliflower organs were also found to be rich in nutritive compounds, including minerals, proteins and amino acids. Our study showed that the non-edible organs, such as stems and leaves, being neglected parts of cauliflower, if not consumed as the main ingredient, can be used as additives for developing new, functional foodstuff.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2117
Author(s):  
Elena Victorovna Kozar ◽  
Elena Alekseevna Domblides ◽  
Alexsey Vasilevich Soldatenko

The European radish is one of the most unresponsive crops in the Brassicaceae family to embryogenesis in in vitro microspore culture. The aim of this work was to study the process of embryogenesis of European radish and its biological features. In this study, the embryogenesis of European radish is described in detail with illustrative data for the first time. For the first time for the entire family Brassicaceae, the following were found: microspores with intact exines with ordered-like divisions; microspores completely free of exines; and a new scheme of suspensors attachment to the apical parts of embryoids. The morphology of double and triple twin embryoids was described, and new patterns of their attachment to each other were discovered. Uneven maturation of European radish embryoids at all stages of embryogenesis was noted. The period of embryoid maturation to the globular stage of development corresponded, in terms of time, to the culture of B. napus, and into the cotyledonary stage of development, maturation was faster and amounted to 17–23 days. The rate of embryoid development with and without suspensors was the same.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosub Shin ◽  
Jeong Eun Park ◽  
Hye Rang Park ◽  
Woo Lee Choi ◽  
Seung Hwa Yu ◽  
...  

AbstractHybridization and polyploidization are pivotal to plant evolution. Genetic crosses between distantly related species rarely occur in nature mainly due to reproductive barriers but how such hurdles can be overcome is largely unknown. xBrassicoraphanus is a fertile intergeneric allopolyploid synthesized between Brassica rapa and Raphanus sativus in the Brassicaceae family. Genomes of B. rapa and R. sativus are diverged enough to suppress synapsis formation between non-homologous progenitor chromosomes during meiosis, and we found that both genomes reside in the single nucleus of xBrassicoraphanus without genome loss or rearrangement. Expressions of syntenic orthologs identified in B. rapa and R. sativus were adjusted to a hybrid nuclear environment of xBrassicoraphanus, which necessitates reconfiguration of transcription network by rewiring cis-trans interactions. B. rapa coding sequences have a higher level of gene-body methylation than R. sativus, and such methylation asymmetry is maintained in xBrassicoraphanus. B. rapa-originated transposable elements were transcriptionally silenced in xBrassicoraphanus, rendered by gain of CHG methylation in trans via small RNAs derived from the same sequences of R. sativus subgenome. Our work proposes that not only transcription compatibility but also a certain extent of genome divergence supports hybrid genome stabilization, which may explain great diversification and expansion of angiosperms during evolution.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Eschrig ◽  
Milena Schaeffer ◽  
Tina Illig ◽  
Sonja Eibel ◽  
Lin-Jie Shu ◽  
...  

Perception and processing of various internal and external signals is essential for all living organisms. Plants have an expanded and diversified repertoire of cell surface-localized receptor-like kinases (RLKs) that transduce signals across the plasma membrane. RLKs often assemble into higher-order receptor complexes with co-receptors, regulators and scaffolds to convert extracellular stimuli into cellular responses. To date, the only S-domain-RLK from Arabidopsis thaliana with a known ligand and function is AtLORE, a pattern recognition receptor that senses bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids of medium chain length, such as 3-hydroxy decanoic acid (3-OH-C10:0), to activate pattern-triggered immunity. Here we show that AtLORE forms receptor homomers, which is essential for 3-OH-C10:0-induced immune signaling. AtLORE homomerization is mediated by the transmembrane and extracellular domain. We show natural variation in the perception of 3-OH-C10:0 within the Brassicaceae family. Arabidopsis lyrata and Arabidopsis halleri do not respond to 3-OH-C10:0, although they possess a putative LORE orthologue. We found that LORE orthologues of these 3-OH-C10:0 nonresponsive species have defective extracellular domains that can bind the 3-OH-C10:0 ligand but lack the ability to homomerize. Our findings shed light on the activation mechanisms of AtLORE and explain natural variation of 3-OH-C10:0 perception within the Brassicaceae family.


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