Breed-specific ecobiometry and ultrasound factors predictive of fetal maturity in healthy English Bulldog bitches subjected to elective cesarean section

The aims of the current study are to build an equation to predict gestational age (GA) and to compare ultrasound parameters indicative of delivery in healthy English Bulldog bitches subjected to elective cesarean section. Sixteen pregnant female dogs were included in the study. Inner chorionic cavity (ICCDD) and biparietal (BPD) diameters were measured at 30 and 50 days after artificial insemination, respectively, to estimate GA at embryonic and fetal stages. BPD, heart rate (HR), and intestinal peristalsis were measured at 48 h, 24 h, and 6 hours before delivery to compare fetal development. ICCD and BPD values were subjected to linear regression and parameters predictive of elective cesarean section were compared through Student’s t-test before delivery. The number of conceptuses did not influence pregnancy duration. Both ICCD and BPD were significantly correlated to GA; their formulas presented accuracy of ± 1 and ± 2 days, respectively, in comparison to that of progesterone dosage. Based on the comparative ultrasound assessment, BPD has significantly increased from 48 h to 6 h before delivery (≥3 cm), regardless of the number of pups, whereas HR has significantly decreased within 6 h before delivery (HR <200 bpm). There was not statistically significant difference in parameter “intestinal peristalsis” among measurement times. The current study is pioneer in highlighting that measuring ICCD and BPD in the formula is a useful tool to predict GA in the herein investigated breed and that fetal parameters such as BPD and HR are fetal maturity predictors.

Fraktur supracondylar os femur pada anjing English Bulldog

Seekor anjing English Bulldog bernama Dexter dirawat di Rumah Sakit Hewan Pendidikan Universitas Brawijaya dengan anamnesa trauma karena terlindas mobil. Presentasi anjing terlihat menghindari menggunakan kaki kiri belakang, pincang dan terdapat rasa sakit saat dipalpasi. Hasil radiografi menunjukkan adanya close complete facture pada bagian distal femur, tepatnya bagian supracondylar. Penanganan fraktur menggunakan kombinasi condylar plate dan intramedullary pen (rod). Post-operasi tidak ada komplikasi dan hewan dipulangkan 6 hari post operasi.

An Urban Case of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Municipality of Pereira, Colombia

American visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by Leishmania infantum/chagasi, transmitted by the sandflies Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lu. evansi. Dogs are the main reservoir and source for zoonotic infections in humans. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to diagnose such diseases in domestic animals to maintain public health. In 2019, the authors of the present study observed intracellular amastigotes in Giemsa-stained bone marrow smear using a real-time qPCR (parasite load was 484,336 DNA copies/mL), a canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) case caused by L. infantum/chagasi, in a 22-month-old male, English bulldog from Pereira, Colombia, a municipality not previously considered endemic for CVL nor human VL. Therefore, further field studies are necessary to determine if there is a low-grade circulation of this parasite among dogs and other animal reservoirs in the area, also entomological surveys are of utmost importance, as well as highlighting the clinical suspicion of this disease in domestic animals and humans.

Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection as an Alternative to Surgery for the Correction of Canine Entropion

A 3-year-old intact female Old English Bulldog and 5-month-old spayed female Chow Chow were diagnosed with entropion. Instead of surgery, hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections were performed to correct the entropion and relieve the associated symptoms. We used the layered feathering technique, which was effective for the administration of the HA into the tissues for the correction of canine entropion. The eyelid positions were maintained for 6-8 months after the procedures. These cases demonstrate that HA filler injections relieve clinical signs quickly and effectively, though temporarily, in patients with entropion

Successful Treatment of Congenital Lobar Emphysema in Multiple Lung Lobes in an English Bulldog Puppy

ABSTRACT A 5 mo old male intact English bulldog was evaluated at a veterinary referral hospital for acute respiratory distress and chronic difficulty breathing. Thoracic radiographs revealed multifocal pulmonary hyperinflation and hyperlucency suspected in the left caudal and accessory lung lobes. A thoracic computed tomography scan identified severe diffuse enlargement of the caudal subsegment of the left cranial lung lobe and the dorsal process of the accessory lung lobe, with parenchymal hypoattenuation, rounded margins, and thin pulmonary vessels. Based on clinical signs and imaging findings, he was diagnosed with suspect congenital lobar emphysema in multiple lung lobes. A median sternotomy was performed, which revealed a hyperinflated, emphysematous left cranial lung lobe (caudal subsegment) and accessory lung lobe for which two lung lobectomies were performed. The remaining lung lobes were small and atelectatic. Histopathology revealed bronchial cartilage hypoplasia and aplasia and findings consistent with congenital lobar emphysema. The puppy recovered well from surgical treatment of congenital lobar emphysema, requiring multiple lung lobectomies, with subsequent computed tomography–evidenced re-expansion of the remaining lung lobes 3 mo after surgery. The patient is still alive 1 yr after surgery with a normal activity level and no evidence of respiratory compromise.