single macromolecule
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerald Taylor ◽  
Akiko Sato ◽  
Prashant Gudeangadi ◽  
David Beal ◽  
James Hopper ◽  
...  

DNA-peptide conjugates offer an opportunity to marry the benefits of both biomolecules, such as the high level of control and programmability found with DNA and the chemical diversity and biological stability of peptides. These hybrid systems offer great potential in fields such as therapeutics, nanotechnology, and robotics to name a few. Using the first DNA-β-turn peptide conjugate, we present three studies designed to investigate the self-assembly of DNA-peptide conjugates over a period of 28 days. Time-course studies, such as these have not been previously conducted for DNA-peptide conjugates, although they are common in pure peptide assembly, for example in amyloid research. By using aging studies to assess the structures produced, we gain insights into the dynamic nature of these systems. The first study explores the influence varying amounts of DNA-peptide conjugates have on the self-assembly of our parent peptide. Study 2 explores how DNA and peptide can work together to change the structures observed during aging. Study 3 investigates the presence of orthogonality within our system by switching the DNA and peptide control on and off independently. These results show that two orthogonal self-assemblies can be combined and operated either independently or in tandem within a single macromolecule, with both spatial and temporal effects upon the resultant nanostructures.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerald Taylor ◽  
Akiko Sato ◽  
Prashant Gudeangadi ◽  
David Beal ◽  
James Hopper ◽  
...  

DNA-peptide conjugates offer an opportunity to marry the benefits of both biomolecules, such as the high level of control and programmability found with DNA and the chemical diversity and biological stability of peptides. These hybrid systems offer great potential in fields such as therapeutics, nanotechnology, and robotics to name a few. Using the first DNA-β-turn peptide conjugate, we present three studies designed to investigate the self-assembly of DNA-peptide conjugates over a period of 28 days. Time-course studies, such as these have not been previously conducted for DNA-peptide conjugates, although they are common in pure peptide assembly, for example in amyloid research. By using aging studies to assess the structures produced, we gain insights into the dynamic nature of these systems. The first study explores the influence varying amounts of DNA-peptide conjugates have on the self-assembly of our parent peptide. Study 2 explores how DNA and peptide can work together to change the structures observed during aging. Study 3 investigates the presence of orthogonality within our system by switching the DNA and peptide control on and off independently. These results show that two orthogonal self-assemblies can be combined and operated either independently or in tandem within a single macromolecule, with both spatial and temporal effects upon the resultant nanostructures.


Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Saad Alafnan

Production stimulation techniques such as the combination of hydraulic fracturing and lateral drilling have made exploiting unconventional formations economically feasible. Advancements in production aspects are not always in lockstep with our ability to predict and model the extent of a fracturing job. Shale is a clastic sedimentary rock composed of a complex mineralogy of clay, quartz, calcite, and fragments of an organic material known as kerogen. The latter, which consists of large chains of aromatic and aliphatic carbons, is highly elastic, a characteristic that impacts the geomechanics of a shale matrix. Following a molecular simulation approach, the objective of this work is to investigate kerogen’s petrophysics on a molecular level and link it to kerogen’s mechanical properties, considering some range of kerogen structures. Nanoporous kerogen structures across a range of densities were formed from single macromolecule units. Eight units were initially placed in a low-density cell. Then, a molecular dynamic protocol was followed to form a final structure with a density of 1.1 g/cc; the range of density values was consistent with what has been reported in the literature. The structures were subjected to petrophysical assessments including a helium porosity analysis and pore size distribution characterization. Mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, and Poisson ratio were calculated. The results revealed strong correlations among kerogen’s mechanical properties and petrophysics. The kerogen with the lowest porosity showed the highest degree of elasticity, followed by other structures that exhibited larger pores. The effect temperature and the fluid occupying the pore volume were also investigated. The results signify the impact of kerogen’s microscale intricacies on its mechanical properties and hence on the shale matrix. This work provides a novel methodology for constructing kerogen structures with different microscale properties that will be useful for delineating fundamental characteristics such as mechanical properties. The findings of this work can be used in a larger scale model for a better description of shale’s geomechanics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Eline Laurent ◽  
Jean-Arthur Amalian ◽  
Thibault Schutz ◽  
Kevin Launay ◽  
Jean-Louis Clément ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (64) ◽  
pp. 9190-9193
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Zhenxia Zhou ◽  
Dongmei Qi ◽  
Yanchao Li ◽  
Zhiying Zeng ◽  
...  

Self-assembled highly uniform microspheres has been developed as a local drug delivery system for effective synergistic immunotherapy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Pesce ◽  
Giulia Rusciano ◽  
Antonio Sasso

Arthur Ashkin, with his discovery of the optical tweezers, has made possible the dream of science fiction to manipulate matter with light. The optical tweezers have opened up an extremely interesting field of science, not yet exhausted, where questions of fundamental physics intertwine with intriguing investigations of biological systems at level of single macromolecule or cell.


2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (19) ◽  
pp. 7597-7604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weston L. Merling ◽  
Johnathon B. Mileski ◽  
Jack F. Douglas ◽  
David S. Simmons

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