Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) Scale for the assessment of disability level in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: linguocultural ratification in Russia

Background. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a treatable dysimmune polyneuropathy. An objective response for pathogenic therapy is essential in diagnosis and management of CIDP. For proper assessment of patient’s complaints and evaluation of disease progression, it is recommended to use validated scales and questionnaires. The paper presents the results of the first step of Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) validation in patients with CIDP.Objective: the development of the Russian version of the INCAT scale and its linguocultural ratification.Materials and methods. 15 patients with definite CIDP (according to EFNS/PNS criteria) were enrolled. Linguocultural ratification was conducted according to the standard protocol.Results. The Russian version of the INCAT scale was developed.Conclusion. We conducted the first stage of INCAT scale validation in patients with CIDP.

Life-course socioeconomic circumstances in acute, chronic and disabling pain among young employees: a double suffering

Background: Pain is known to be socioeconomically patterned and associated with disability. However, knowledge is scarce concerning life-course socioeconomic circumstances and pain among young adults. Our aim was to examine the associations of childhood and current socioeconomic circumstances with acute pain and chronic pain with low and high disability levels among young Finnish municipal employees. Methods: We analysed questionnaire data retrieved from the Young Helsinki Health Study ( n=4683) covering 18–39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland. We included multiple indicators of childhood and current socioeconomic circumstances and examined their associations with acute pain and with chronic pain with low and high disability levels. The level of chronic pain-related disability was assessed by the chronic pain grade questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted with stepwise adjustments for sociodemographic, socioeconomic and health-related covariates. Results: Childhood and current socioeconomic disadvantage were associated with acute and chronic pain, particularly with chronic pain with high disability level. The strongest associations after adjustments for covariates remained between chronic pain with high disability level and low educational level (odds ratio (OR) 3.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18–5.24), manual occupation (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.92–7.34) and experiencing frequent economic difficulties (OR 3.07, 95% CI 2.00–4.70). Conclusions: Pain is a common complaint that contributes to disability among young employees, particularly the most socioeconomically vulnerable. There is a socioeconomic gradient in both pain chronicity and the level of chronic pain-related disability. Life-course socioeconomic factors should be considered in pain-preventing strategies and in clinical practice.

Non-disabled and disabled women sexual health comparison

Background: Disabled women constitute approximately 16% of all women in Europe. Regardless of disability level women are interested in maintaining sexual activity. The study aim was to compare, understand if there are sexual health disparities between disabled women and non-disabled women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in non-governmental associations and the general practitioner's office in Latvia from November 2018 to January 2019. Data were collected from self-filled questionnaires of 34 DW and 34 NDW.Results: The mean age of NDW was 32 years and 43 years for DW. 73.5% of DW and 41.2% of NDW were partially satisfied with their sex life, p=0.009. 47.1% of DW and 32.4% of NDW admitted having an irregular sex life, p=0.002. 58.8% of NDW and 29.4% of DW had last sexual intercourse within 6 days period, p=0.011. 67.6% NDW and 20.6% DW thought their sex life will improve in future, p=0.001. 70.6% of DW was interested in maintaining sexual relations as well as 91.2% of NDW. 20.6% of DW was interested in maintaining sexual relationships but less than before disability. 29.4% of respondents from both groups noted that the level of disability or other health disorders had little impact on their sexual health. 8.8% of disabled women and 2.9% of non-disabled women had severe symptoms of depression.Conclusions: The study demonstrated that NDW had regular sex life and were more satisfied with it than DW. Regardless of the state of health women were interested in maintaining sexual activity.

Long-Term Evolution of Functional Limitations in Stroke Survivors Compared With Stroke-Free Controls: Findings From 15 Years of Follow-Up Across 3 International Surveys of Aging

Background and Purpose: In the chronic phase 2 to 5 years poststroke, limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) initially plateau before steady increasing. However, the impact of age and differences in initial levels of disability on the evolution of these limitations remains unclear. As such, this study aims to evaluate differences in long-term evolution of ADL/IADL limitations between stroke survivors and stroke-free population, and how limitations differ by initial level of disability for stroke survivors. Methods: Thirty-three thousand six hundred sixty participants (5610 first-ever stroke cases with no recurrence during follow-up and 28 050 stroke-free controls) aged ≥50 from the Health and Retirement Study, Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were assessed for number of ADL/IADL limitations during the poststroke chronic phase (for cases) and over follow-up years 1996 to 2018 (for controls). Three thousand seven hundred eighteen stroke cases were additionally categorized by disability level using the modified Rankin Scale score of 1 to 2 years poststroke. Evolution of ADL/IADL limitations was assessed in stroke cases and controls and by modified Rankin Scale score (0–1, 2–3, 4–5) using linear mixed models. Models were stratified by age group (50–74 and ≥75 years) and adjusted for baseline characteristics, health behaviors, BMI, and comorbidities. Results: Findings showed relative stability of ADL/IADL limitations during 3 to 6 years poststroke followed by an increase for both populations, which was faster for younger stroke cases, suggesting a differential age-effect ( P <0.001). Disability level at 1 to 2 years poststroke influenced the evolution of limitations over time, especially for severe disability (modified Rankin Scale score, 4–5) associated with a reduction in limitations at 5 to 6 years poststroke. Conclusions: Our findings showed that during the poststroke chronic phase functional limitations first plateau and then increase and the evolution differs by disability severity. These results highlight the importance of adaptive long-term health and social care measures for stroke survivors.

Effect of Lumbar Stabilization Exercises on Stable versus Unstable Surface on Pain and Function in Mechanical Low Back Pain-an Evidence Based Study

Background: Low back pain is the most common complaint all over the world. Lumbar instability is an important causative factor for low back pain. Lumbar stabilization exercises are helpful in reducing and preventing its recurrence. Purpose: To study the evidences regarding effect of lumbar stabilization exercises on stable versus unstable surface on pain and function in mechanical low back pain. Methodology: The study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Evidences selected since year 2010-February 2020 from PubMed, Google Scholar, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Research Gate, Science Direct and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Key words used were: Lumbar stabilization exercise, Core stability exercise, Pain and Function. Analysis was done using 2 scales: PEDro scale and Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence Scale. Total 202 articles were found, out of which 22 articles were relevant and from those 17 articles were included in the study and other articles were excluded as per eligibility criteria. Results: 11 studies were shown that core stability exercise is effective treatment for reducing pain and improving disability. (Level of evidence-1a,1b,2b). 2 studies were showed that motor control exercise was more effective than core stability exercise. (Level of evidence-1b). 4 studies shown that lumbar stabilization exercise performed on unstable surfaces showed significant improvement in back pain and disability (Level of evidence-1b, 2b). Conclusion: Lumbar stabilization exercise performed on unstable surface provide significant benefit in reducing pain and improving function in patients with mechanical low back pain. Keywords: Lumbar stabilization exercise, Core stability exercise, Pain and Function Low Back Pain.

Ergonomic Intervention on Physical Therapy Programs Decrease Pain and Disability Level on Subject with Myogenic Low Back Pain: A Case Report

Introduction: Myogenic Low Back Pain is an uncomfortable pain on the lower back, often caused by musculoskeletal disorders resulting in pain and disability. This case report aims to review ergonomic intervention on physical therapy program on myogenic low back pain. Case description: A 45-years-old man working as a roof tile craftsman complained of pain in the lower back area and already felt it for 1 month ago. The pain did not radiate to the leg. The patient has no neurological signs and symptoms. Patient-reported that he had experienced the same incident about 9 times in the last 3 years ago. The patient always performed bending motion and lifting the roof tile every day. The patient has been visited physical therapy and received ergonomic intervention and physical therapy programs such as core stability exercise, soft tissue mobilization and modalities for seven weeks. Following the ergonomic intervention and therapeutic exercise application, the Visual Analogue Scale score decreased from 6 to 0. The Modified Oswestry Disability Index score gradually decreased from 60% disability to 0% disability. The patient no longer complained of MLBP and was able to lift the roof tile well. Conclusion: After a seven-weeks physical therapy treatment session, the patient did not feel pain and can perform forward bending. Modified Oswestry Disability Index score improved and demonstrated improved lifting the roof tile without any complaints. We concluded that the ergonomic intervention combined with physical therapy programs effectively decreased pain and disability level on a subject with MLBP