Fatores de risco maternos para toxoplasmose numa maternidade pública do nordeste do brasil

Introduction: Vertical transmission by Toxoplasma gondii usually occurs in women who are infected for the first time during pregnancy. Screening for toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is one of the measures adopted in our country as a form of prevention. Objective: To investigate maternal risk factors associated with gestational toxoplasmosis in a large maternity hospital located in Fortaleza-Ceará. Methodology: This is an observational, quantitative comparative study conducted in a federal public maternity hospital located in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil in 2014. Data collection occurred from January to March 2014, through the analysis of medical records. guided by a data collection instrument. The research project was submitted to the Assis Chateaubriand School Maternity Research Ethics Committee (MEAC), and was approved in the register 513.392 / 2014-14. Results: The sample analyzed was established by high risk pregnant women aged 13 to 40 years. The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was predominant in the age group between 20 and 30 years. As managers diagnosed with toxoplasmosis reside mainly in the interior of Ceará with statistically significant difference compared to pregnant women residing in the capital. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the analysis analyzed as the variables that were associated with toxoplasmosis were: residing within the state, gestational week between 13 to 27 weeks, normal sharing and using positive IgG serology for toxoplasmosis.

Maternal and Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations of a French Multidisciplinary Working Group

Women infected with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy do not present symptoms in most cases, but the consequences of the congenital infection may be severe for the unborn child. Fetal damage can range from asymptomatic to severe neurological alterations to retinal lesions prone to potential flare up and relapses lifelong. Despite the possible severity of outcome, congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) is a neglected disease. There is no consensus regarding screening during pregnancy, prenatal/postnatal treatment or short or medium term follow-up. Since 1992, France has offered systematic serological testing to non-immune pregnant women, monthly until delivery. Any maternal infection is thus detected; moreover, diagnosis of congenital infection can be made at birth and follow-up can be provided. “Guidelines” drawn up by a multidisciplinary group are presented here, concerning treatment, before and after birth. The recommendations are based on the regular analysis of the literature and the results of the working group. The evaluation of the recommendations takes into account the robustness of the recommendation and the quality of the evidence.

Percepção de gestantes sobre a incidência da toxoplasmose, Barreiras – BA / Perception of pregnant on incidence of toxoplasmosis, Barreiras – BA

No Brasil 4 a 5% das mulheres correm o risco de adquirir a toxoplasmose. O objetivo desse artigo é avaliar o perfil socioeconômico das gestantes, bem como sua percepção sobre a toxoplasmose, com foco nas fontes de infecção, transmissão e nas medidas preventivas da doença. A pesquisa ocorreu mediante aplicação de questionários socioeconômicos a 68 gestantes, pacientes de postos de saúde de Barreiras. Os resultados mostraram que 66,2% das gestantes nunca ouviram falar sobre a expressão “toxoplasmose e/ou toxoplasmose congênita”, o que justifica o fato de 97% delas desconhecerem os danos à saúde causados pela taxoplasmose durante a gestação. Embora tenha se percebido falhas quanto às orientações de prevenção das gestantes, pelos profissionais de saúde, ainda assim o rastreio no pré-natal, realizados a cada trimestre da gestação, é a estratégia mais eficiente, quanto à identificação e tratamento de uma possível infecção da toxoplasmose e de outras doenças nesse período da vida. ABSTRACTIn Brazil 50 to 80% of women have been infected with toxoplasmosis. The objective of this article is to evaluate the perception of pregnant women about how to acquire and transmit toxoplasmosis. The research was carried out through the application of socioeconomic questionnaires to 68 pregnant women, patients from Barreiras health posts. The results showed that 66.2% of pregnant women had never heard of the term "toxoplasmosis and / or congenital toxoplasmosis", which explains why 97% of them do not know the health damage caused by toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Although the pregnant women presented low perception about the infection/disease prevention guidelines, prenatal screening, performed every trimester of gestation, is the most efficient strategy in identification and treatment of a possible Toxoplasma infection and of other diseases in this period of life.

Role ofToxoplasmaIgA as Part of a Reference Panel for the Diagnosis of Acute Toxoplasmosis during Pregnancy

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the usefulness of adding theToxoplasma gondiiIgA antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to the serologic panel of tests done for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in a reference laboratory in the United States. We conducted a retrospective study of 690 consecutive pregnant women with positiveT. gondiiIgG antibody test results who also hadT. gondiiIgA and IgM antibody tests performed. Patients were defined as acutely or chronically infected withT. gondiibased on a panel of serologic tests performed at the Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory (PAMF-TSL). Among the 81 women who were positive byT. gondiiIgA antibody ELISA testing, 61 (75.3%) were acutely infected withT. gondii, while of the 547 who were negative by IgA testing, only 24 (4.4%) were acutely infected (P < 0.001). Among the 71 women who were positive by both IgA and IgM antibody tests, 61 (85.9%) were acutely infected, whereas 24 (19.2%) of the 125 women who were positive by only the IgM ELISA were acutely infected (P < 0.001). These results demonstrate that pregnant women withT. gondiiIgA antibodies are more likely than pregnant women withoutT. gondiiIgA antibodies to have had a recent infection withT. gondii.ToxoplasmaIgA antibody testing can therefore improve the accuracy of a serologic panel for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Physicians who ordered testing only forT. gondiiIgG and IgM should also request additional testing for IgA and IgG avidity, if both IgG and IgM are positive. This further testing should, ideally, be performed in a reference laboratory.