An Analysis of Agricultural Production Efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on a Three-Stage DEA Malmquist Model

The Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is a major national strategic development area in China, and the development of the YREB will greatly promote the development of the entirety China, so research on its agricultural production efficiency is also of great significance. This paper is committed to studying the agricultural production efficiency of 11 provinces in the YREB and adopts a combination of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model and the Malmquist index to make a dynamic and static analysis on the YREB’s agricultural production efficiency from 2010 to 2019. Then, a three-stage DEA Malmquist model that eliminates the factors of random interference and management inefficiency is compared to a model without elimination. The results show that the adjusted technological efficiency changes, technological progress, and total factor productivity increased by −0.1%, 0.24%, and 0.22%, respectively. When comparing these values to the pre-adjustment values, the results indicate that the effect of environmental variables cannot be ignored when studying the agricultural production efficiency of the YREB. At the same time, the differences in the agricultural production efficiency in the YREB are reasonably explained, and feasible suggestions are put forward.

Geological Resource Planning and Environmental Impact Assessments Based on GIS

The purpose is to study the geological resource planning and environmental impact assessments based on the geographic information system (GIS). In this study, the land resources of Yinan County in southeastern Shandong Province are taken as the research object. Based on a GIS, the current situation of land resource development is analyzed, land resource planning is carried out, and environmental impact mitigation measures are evaluated and analyzed through the environmental impact. The results obtained depict the distribution of cultivated land; the development area is 1617.31 hm2, of which 577.32 hm2 is cultivated land, 30.43 hm2 is garden land, 399.66 hm2 is forest land, 40.87 hm2 is urban and rural construction land, 10.11 hm2 is traffic water conservancy and other construction land, and 558.92 hm2 is natural reserve land. In the layout of the construction land, the development area is 841.94 hm2, of which 175.44 hm2 is cultivated land, 47.88 hm2 is garden land, 100.54 hm2 is forest land, 0.1 hm2 is other agricultural land, 90.45 hm2 is urban and rural construction land, 3.66 hm2 is traffic water conservancy and other construction land, 11.33 hm2 is water area, and 412.54 hm2 is natural reserve land. The impact of the implementation of planning on most indicators is positive and beneficial, while the impact of negative indicators is relatively small. It is revealed that the implementation of the plan has little impact on most of the ecological environment indicators. Construction and cultivated land development further improve the level of urbanization. In the process of planning implementation, corresponding measures should be taken to slow down or eliminate the negative development of the ecological environment.

Research on the Matching Relationship between the Supply of Urban Ecological Recreational Space and the Demand of Residents—A Case Study of an Urban Development Area in Wuhan

An urban ecological recreational space (UERS), which connects the natural environment with urban residents, is an important guarantee for developing a livable city and improving the well-being of residents. However, there is a serious imbalance between the supply of UERSs and the demand of residents in many big, rapidly developing cities. Previous studies usually used indicators such as scale or quantity to measure the supply level of UERS enjoyed by residents, ignoring its own quality differences. Therefore, taking the urban development area of Wuhan as the research object, we measured the quality of UERS from four dimensions using the entropy method and designed a method to measure the supply service level under the hierarchical travel threshold to analyze the supply level of UERSs based on a community unit. Finally, combined with the demand characteristics of different groups, the matching relationship between supply and demand of UERSs in each community is quantitatively analyzed. The results show the following: (1) The quality of UERS in urban development area of Wuhan varies greatly and its distribution is extremely uneven. (2) The level of supply services and the demand level vary greatly, and the overall performance has a trend of decreasing from the city center to the periphery. (3) The overall matching relationship between supply and demand of UERS is not ideal, and more than half of the communities are in supply deficit or without services. Our study provides a novel perspective on quantifying the supply–demand relationship of UERS. It can more accurately guide decision-makers and planners in determining areas with mismatches between the supply and demand of UERSs and in making targeted layouts of UERSs and relevant policies.

Karakteristik Lahan untuk Kesesuaian Tanaman Apel (Malus sylvestris Mill.) di Kecamatan Sindang Dataran, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu

<p><strong>[<em>Land Characteristics for Suitability of Apples</em> (<em>Malus sylvestris</em> Mill.) <em>in Sindang Dataran District, Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu</em>]</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p>Penilaian kesesuaian lahan merupakan tahap pertama dan penting dalam usaha pengembangan suatu komoditas pertanian. Kecamatan Sindang Dataran, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong merupakan salah satu lokasi yang direncanakan menjadi daerah pengembangan apel dengan temperatur udara mencapai 23oC dan ketinggian tempat bervariasi antara 785 – 1.129 lebih m dpl. dengan kondisi tanah yang cukup subur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan kelas kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman apel. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey dan observasi. Parameter yang diamati meliputi karakteristik lahan dan syarat tumbuh tanaman apel. Evaluasi kesesuaian lahan yang digunakan ialah kesesuaian lahan kualitatif, yaitu yang hanya didasarkan kondisi fisik lahan. Metode evaluasi kesesuaian lahan dilakukan dengan mengikuti prosedur dari FAO (1976), yaitu evaluasi kesesuaian lahan ini dilakukan dengan cara mencocokkan (matching) data antara karakteristik lahan dengan persyaratan tumbuh tanaman apel dan hasilnya didasarkan pada nilai terkecil (hukum minimum) sebagai keputusan kesesuaian lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian lahan tanaman apel yang berada di Kecamatan Sindang Dataran, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, dari faktor iklim termasuk S2 (cukup sesuai), sementara dari faktor ketersediaan hara termasuk S3 (sesuai marjinal). Hal yang menjadi faktor pembatas adalah rendahnya P tersedia, tetapi dapat diatasi dengan pemupukan sehingga dapat naik kelas menjadi S2. Melalui usaha pemupukan P maka Kecamatan Sindang Dataran memiliki potensi sebagai daerah pengembangan tanaman apel yang cukup sesuai.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Karakteristik lahan; Kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman apel; Malus sylvertris Mill</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Land suitability assessment is the first and important stage in the development of an agricultural commodity. Sindang Dataran District, Rejang Lebong Regency is one of the locations that is planned to be an apple development area with air temperatures reaching 23oC and altitude varying between 785–1,129 meters above sea level with fairly fertile soil conditions. The aim of the study was to determine the land suitability class for apple plants. The research was conducted using survey and observation methods. Parameters observed included land characteristics and growing conditions for apple plants. Land suitability evaluation used qualitative land suitability, which is only based on the physical condition of the land. The land suitability evaluation method is carried out by following the procedure from FAO (1976), namely the evaluation of land suitability is carried out by matching data between land characteristics and the requirements for growing apples and the results are based on the smallest value (minimum law) as a land suitability decision. The results showed that the suitability of the land for apple crops in Sindang Dataran District, Rejang Lebong Regency, from climatic factors including S2 (quite suitable), while from nutrient availability factors including S3 (marginal according to). The limiting factor is the low available P, but it can be overcome by fertilization so that it can be promoted to S2. Through P fertilization efforts, Sindang Dataran District has the potential as a suitable apple crop development area.</p>

Adaptasi Pertumbuhan Setek Bunga Krisan (Chrysanthemum sp.) Menggunakan Naungan di Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan [Growth Adaptation of Chrysanthemum Cuttings (Chrysanthemum sp.) Using Shade in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan]

<p>Banjarbaru merupakan salah satu daerah di Kalimantan Selatan yang memiliki prospek yang baik sebagai daerah pengembangan komoditas krisan. Pertumbuhan tanaman krisan sangat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, misalnya media tanam, ketersediaan air dan hara, iklim mikro, suhu, kelembaban, serta intensitas cahaya matahari tertentu sehingga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan cahaya yang optimal maka perlakuan naungan diperlukan selama fase pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh persentase kerapatan pada naungan terhadap pertumbuhan setek krisan varietas Puspita Nusantara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan November sampai Desember 2020, bertempat di Kebun Percobaan Jurusan Agroekoteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan kerapatan paranet, yaitu n1 (paranet dengan kerapatan 75%), n2 (paranet dengan kerapatan 100%), n3 (paranet dengan kerapatan 125%), dan n4 (paranet dengan kerapatan 150%), yang terdiri atas lima kelompok sehingga terdapat 20 satuan percobaan, dan setiap satuan percobaan terdapat lima unit tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase naungan berpengaruh terhadap parameter jumlah daun, persentase setek hidup, dan tinggi tanaman yang tumbuh, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada saat awal muncul tunas. Perlakuan n2 berpengaruh paling baik terhadap persentase setek hidup (64%), jumlah daun (4,1 helai) serta tinggi tunas (4,26 cm).</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Krisan; Setek; Paranet; Iklim mikro</p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Banjarbaru as one of the areas in South Kalimantan has good prospects as a chrysanthemum development area. The growth of chrysanthemums is strongly influenced by several factors, such as planting media, availability of water and nutrients, microclimate, temperature, humidity, and a certain intensity of sunlight, so to meet the need for optimal light, shade treatment is required during the growth phase. This study aims to determine the effect of the percentage density in the shade on the growth of chrysanthemum cuttings of the Puspita Nusantara variety. The research was carried out from November to December 2020, at the Experimental Garden of the Department of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru. The method used in this research is a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the treatment of n1 (shading net with a density of 75%), n2 (shading net with a density of 100%), n3 (shading net with a density of 125%), and n4 (shading net with a density of 150%), which consisted of five groups so that there were 20 experimental units, and each experimental unit contained five plant units. The results showed that the percentage of shade affected the parameters of the number of leaves, the percentage of live cuttings, and plant height that grew, but had no significant effect on the initial emergence of shoots. The n2 treatment had the best effect on the percentage of live cuttings (64%), the number of leaves (4.1 strands), and shoots height (4.26 cm).</p><p> </p>

Development of a Corporate-Based Beef Cattle Breeding Area

Livestock is an integral part of agriculture which significantly contributes to the economic and socio-economic development. Based on its potential in natural resources and human resources, East Kalimantan Province has opportunity to become a beef cattle development area. The development of a corporate-based beef cattle breeding area is an approach which taken toward industrial and business-oriented beef cattle breeding. The concept of breeder corporation will create new strengths such as strengths in human resources, capital, and banking in business development, which can more open the opportunities for the success and growth of the breeder's business. The development of a corporate-based beef cattle breeding area provides opportunities, including: 1) improving the competitiveness and added value of the region and beef cattle commodities in order to support national sustainable food security; 2) strengthening the livestock business system in one area management in a holistic manner; and 3) strengthening breeders institutions in accessing information, technology, public facilities and infrastructure, capital, processing and marketing, so that the concept is expected to be applied in East Kalimantan Province.

Interdisciplinary approach for qualitatively monitoring coastline dynamics in North Java Coast, Case study: Karawang Regency Indonesia

The coast of north Java is the most rapid development area among other parts of Indonesia. Since the North Java Coast is dominated by mild slope, soft-loose quaternary sediment and provoked by the sea thus the vulnerability of it is the most challenging issue to be assessed. Karawang is the representative area to investigate the scientific reason of coastal dynamics. This study aims to reveal the coastline changing based on RBI (1210-211, 1210-212, 1210-221, 1210-542, 1210-543, 1210-544 and 1210-631) and LPI (1210-04 and 1209-01) maps, hydrodynamics simulation and field measurements associated with abrasion and accretion. The equalizing procedure has been applied for a benchmark of zero coastlines that LPI and RBI data were used to observe the back and forth of coastline changing throughout 2000 and 2018. The results show five districts, Tirtajaya, Pakisjaya, Cilebar, Cibuaya and Pedes have the highest abrasion with an average magnitude of 11.3 m/year, 9.1 m/year, 6.9 m/year, 5.1 m/year and 3.7 m/year respectively within a total 489 ha disappear area. By all integrated analysis data so we can conclude that the dominated monsoonal longshore current is east to west and working on the dominantly terrigenous coastal alluvium and intercalated by carbonatic marine sediment.