THE USE OF IONTOPHORESIS WITH HYALURONIC ACID ASSOCIATED WITH GOLD NANOPARTICLES ACCELERATES WOUND HEALING IN RATS

This study aimed to investigate the effects of iontophoresis with HA associated to GNPs solution in an epithelial lesion model. Fifty Wistar rats (n=10/group) were randomly assigned to the following groups: epithelial lesion (EL); (EL+MIC); (EL+MIC+HA); (EL+MIC+GNPs); (EL+MIC+HA-GNPs). The animals induced to an epithelial lesion and treatment started 24 hours after injury with microcurrents (300µA) containing gel with HA (0.9%) and/or GNPs (30mg/Kg) in the electrodes (1mL) for seven days. The animals were sacrificed 12 hours after the last treatment application. Results demonstrated a reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNϒ, IL-1β, TNFα, IL6) in the group in which the therapies were combined; an increase in the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) and growth factors (FGF, TGFβ) in EL+MIC+HA and EL+MIC+HA-GNPs groups. As for dichlorofluorescein (DCF) and nitrite levels, decreased in the combined therapy group when compared to the control group, as well as the oxidative damage (carbonyl and sulfhydryl). In antioxidant defense, there was an increase in glutathione (GSH) and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the combination therapy group. Histological analysis showed a reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate in groups treated with MIC and in the combination therapy group. An increase in contraction of the wound area was obtained in all treated groups when compared to the control group, proving that the proposed therapies are effective in the process of epithelial healing. The results of this study demonstrated that the associated therapies favor the tissue repair process more significantly compared to the isolated therapies.

Thermal and behavioral response of horses submitted to functional exercises and acupuncture

ABSTRACT: The present research evaluated muscle activation degrees and relaxation of patrolling horses submitted to dynamic mobilization exercises, associated or not with acupuncture. Twelve mixed breed gelding, aged 10 ± 2.0 years, were distributed in three treatments. Treatment with a single session of dynamic mobilization exercises (longitudinal cervical flexion of head between hooves, between carpus and to up to chest); treatment with a single acupuncture session during 20 minutes, and treatment with a single session of dynamic mobilization exercises with acupuncture. Thermographic images were analyzed before and after applying treatments to the cervical, thoracic, dorsal, abdominal and pelvic regions. Animal behavior was assessed through five minutes filming, before and ten minutes after the end of each treatment application, in an uninterrupted way. Increase in animals body temperature at the end of the single session of functional exercises (P < 0.0001) at all animal regions were reported, being cervical and thoracic areas with highest final temperature values. There was no temperature variation for other treatments (P > 0.05). All treatments stimulated higher expression frequency (P < 0.05) of relaxation behaviors. A single dynamic mobilization exercises session is enough to promote intense muscular response in entire horse body; and with acupuncture, individually or associated, promoted muscle and mental relaxation, interfering positively in animal welfare.

Novel Pneumatic System for Lime Dosage in Water Treatment Application

This paper proposes a new pneumatic mechanism for lime dosage in water treatment application. Conventionally, current water treatment system technologies utilising pump system, which requires scheduling maintenance of operation to avoid choke problem due to scaling development. The choke formation depends on the lime dosage concentration, which will be based on the time of operations. Technically, the pneumatic system uses such a hydraulic mechanism consisting of fluid, especially liquid oil, to operate, requiring higher maintenance costs. Based on these arguments, this research investigates the potential of replacing the pump system with an air pneumatic system for water treatment. For that reason, this study proposed a new design of pneumatic mechanism as the alternative solution for pump system. Several analyses have been performed from fluid mechanics to study the water treatment plant flow rate that could be competitive with the conventional pump system.

Soil response to root-knot nematode management with wine vinasse in a solarised horticultural soil under glasshouse conditions

Summary The increasing interest in agroecological practices and the current consideration of agrarian soils as a sustainable resource are driving the development of new strategies to manage soil parasites and diseases. The application of organic matter from different sources to reduce plant parasites contributes to circular economy by applying by-products as soil organic amendments that reduce wastes. Wine vinasse (WV) is a by-product generated to obtain alcohol from wine by physical methods in distilleries. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of WV and its combination with animal manure (WV+M) as soil biodisinfestation products. For this, it was compared with a plastic-covered control to distinguish the biodisinfestation from solarisation effect. The crops tested consisted of a tomato-Swiss chard rotation under glasshouse conditions. Their effects on Meloidogyne incognita, soil fertility, nematode community and crop yield were assessed. The results obtained after two seasons showed a reduction of M. incognita galling in the root system of both crops. The immediate effect after the treatment application was a reduction in the abundance of nematodes and changes in the nematode-based indices that affected all plots, including the control, most likely related to the tillage effect for the treatments application and the plastic cover. Soil fertility was improved by the application of WV (NO3−, Bioav. P) and WV+M (C, Ntotal, K), which reduced herbivore nematode metabolic footprints and enhanced bacterivore footprints. Our results indicate that the combination WV+M was effective reducing M. incognita infection, and improved crop yield. Use of by-products such as WV is a helpful tool for managing horticultural soils.

Vanadium stimulates growth and flower production in tomato without affecting seed germination

Vanadium (V) is easily absorbed by plants and has been proposed as a novel beneficial element and inorganic biostimulant, since at low doses it can enhance plant metabolism. However, its effects on the biology of cultivated species have not been fully explored. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of V on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during seed germination and initial seedling growth. We tested 0, 5, 10, and 15 µM V in seeds during the germination process and in 37-day-old plants over four weeks. The application of V did not alter seed germination percentage. Plant height increased with the application of 5 µM V at 21 days after treatment application (DAT), while root volume increased with the application of 10 µM V at 28 DAT. Stem diameter, number of leaves, and number of flower buds showed the highest values with 10 µM V, while 5 µM V produced higher means in number of leaves as well as fresh and dry biomass weight of flowers. However, the fresh and dry biomass of leaves, stems, and roots decreased significantly with the application of 15 µM V. The total concentrations of amino acids and sugars in leaves, stems, and roots decreased in the treatments with V. We conclude that V is a beneficial element with high potential to be used in the biostimulation of horticultural crops such as tomato.

Determination of Corrosion Resistance Properties of Al-Sio2 Composite Material

The Al-Sio2 Composite work are widely used in engineering application in automotive industry in india and other countries. The Al-Sio2 composite has been mainly used on high corrosion resistance material. The material used as a high thermal application also. Example boiler shield and engine shield also. The main performance of Al-Sio2 material used in a corrosion resistance properties. Because the aluminum composite material when goes to the heat treatment application. The material was meeting in corrosion. In this way engineering industry was affected. So we are currently focused the work corrosion resistance application. In this work we have used for the Al-Sio2 material was reinforced in aluminum 6061 material. The material was developed by stir casting method. The method the stirrer was run by 2000 RPM. And the material was molten by 550 degree temperature. That time the Al-Sio2 powder was dropped by the molten metals. Hence the composite now formed by Al-Sio2 composite material. After that we have checked by the SEM fractures and XRD measurement and other material properties also and also fracture surface of the materials. Finally we have concluded the result of work also.

What We Know About Kininogen Structure – Importance for Function and Perspectives from Cryo-EM

Kininogens are multidomain glycoproteins found in the blood of most vertebrates. They are important in the blood coagulation cascade pathways - in intrinsic pathway activation leading to thrombin generation partially independently from tissue factor dependent extrinsic pathway, connecting blood coagulation with the kallikrein-kinin system. Nothing is known about the shape on atomic level therefore the endeavor to obtain the good-quality spatial structure of kininogens is important for a better understanding of their role in disease and treatment. Application of cryo-EM is important for solving the spatial structure of kininogens, drawing new frontiers in understanding the function and opening new pathways for drug development.

Titania Nanotube Architectures Synthesized on 3D-Printed Ti-6Al-4V Implant and Assessing Vancomycin Release Protocols

The aim of this study is to synthesize Titania nanotubes (TNTs) on the 3D-printed Ti-6Al-4V surface and investigate the loading of antibacterial vancomycin drug dose of 200 ppm for local drug treatment application for 24 h. The antibacterial drug release from synthesized nanotubes evaluated via the chemical surface measurement and the linear fitting of Korsmeyer–Peppas model was also assessed. The TNTs were synthesized on the Ti-6Al-4V surface through the anodization process at different anodization time. The TNTs morphology was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The wettability and the chemical composition of the Ti-6Al-4V surface and the TNTs were assessed using the contact angle meter, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The vancomycin of 200 ppm release behavior under controlled atmosphere was measured by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and hence, the position for retention time at 2.5 min was ascertained. The FESEM analysis confirmed the formation of nanostructured TNTs with vertically oriented, closely packed, smooth and unperforated walls. The maximum cumulative vancomycin release of 34.7% (69.5 ppm) was recorded at 24 h. The wetting angle of both Ti-6Al-4V implant and the TNTs were found below 90 degrees. This confirmed their excellent wettability.