rapid industrialization
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

238
(FIVE YEARS 86)

H-INDEX

11
(FIVE YEARS 2)

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Yinyin Wang ◽  
Suad Hassan Danook ◽  
Hussein A.Z. AL-bonsrulah ◽  
Dhinakaran Veeman ◽  
Fuzhang Wang

Water is essential for food security, industrial output, ecological sustainability, and a country’s socioeconomic progress. Water scarcity and environmental concerns have increased globally in recent years as a result of the ever-increasing population, rapid industrialization and urbanization, and poor water resource management. Even though there are sufficient water resources, their uneven circulation leads to shortages and the requirement for portable fresh water. More than two billion people live in water-stressed areas. Hence, the present study covers all of the research based on water extraction from atmospheric air, including theoretical and practical (different experimental methods) research. A comparison between different results is made. The calculated efficiency of the systems used to extract water from atmospheric air by simulating the governing equations is discussed. The effects of different limitations, which affect and enhance the collectors’ efficiency, are studied. This research article will be very useful to society and will support further research on the extraction of water in arid zones.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Ankit ◽  
Sandhya Ankit

This paper attempts to analyse the trends of urbanization based on three-decade census data during 1991, 2001, and 2011 in Nagaur city. Various dimensions of urbanization have been studied through charts and diagrams. For this purpose, the urban parameters such as the growth rate of the urban population, gender dynamics, literacy rate, density, work, and economic structure of the Nagaur city have been examined. Results show that in these last three decades the urban structure of Nagaur city has been changed due to rapid industrialization and rural to urban migration. Urbanization in Nagaur has been relatively slow compared to many developing megacities. As per data released by Govt. of India, Nagaur is an Urban Agglomeration coming under the category of Class I UAs/Towns. According to trends, Nagaur is at the acceleration stage of the process of urbanization. Rapid urbanization raises many issues that might have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. In this situation, monitoring urbanization is vital for planners, management, government, and non-government organizations for implementing policies to optimize the use of natural resources and accommodate development at the same time minimizing the impact on the environment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-469
Author(s):  
Oindrila Paul ◽  
Amrita Jasu ◽  
Dibyajit Lahiri ◽  
Moupriya Nag ◽  
Rina Rani Ray

Enhanced population growth, rapid industrialization, urbanization and hazardous industrial practices have resulted in the development of environmental pollution in the past few decades. Heavy metals are one of those pollutants that are related to environmental and public health concerns based on their toxicity. Effective bioremediation may be accomplished through “ex situ” and “in situ” processes, based on the type and concentration of pollutants, characteristics of the site but is not limited to cost. The recent developments in artificial neural network and microbial gene editing help to improve “in situ” bioremediation of heavy metals from the polluted sites. Multi-omics approaches are adopted for the effective removal of heavy metals by various indigenous microbes. This overview introspects two major bioremediation techniques, their principles, limitations and advantages, and the new aspects of nanobiotechnology, computational biology and DNA technology to improve the scenario.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1228-1233
Author(s):  
Bini Kiron ◽  
Sudip Basack ◽  
Ghritartha Goswami ◽  
Habung Bida

Rapid industrialization, road cutting, excavation and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture practices are causing varied pollution in aquatic environment, leading to deterioration of water quality and depletion of aquatic biota. Due to use of this contaminated water, human population suffers from various water borne diseases. It is therefore necessary to check water quality at a regular interval of time to determine whether it is good for consumption or other purpose such as irrigation, industrialization etc. In this study paper, hydrological and environmental characterization of surface water was done by different water quality parameters conducted in water samples at Kamle District of Arunachal Pradesh, India, reported for both pre- and post-monsoon periods. The physical and chemical water parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total dissolved solids, nitrate, and phosphate were analyzed and are studied. Water quality index was then determined by using National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) method. Based on these data, the surface water from different sources is classified as unacceptable, poor, medium, good and excellent.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lethiwe D. Mthembu ◽  
Rishi Gupta ◽  
Nirmala Deenadayalu

Rapid industrialization has led to development of various platform chemicals and fossil fuel refinery is one of the mainstreams for their production. However continuous depletion of fossil fuels reserves has led an urge to look for alternate source of feedstocks. Among various renewable sources, biomass is found to be most sustainable as it is replaced naturally. Biomass by virtue of its nature is comprised of various recalcitrant polymers and cellulose is one of them, which can be used for the generation of various platform chemicals. This chapter gives a background of cellulose and illustrate platform chemicals that can be produced from cellulose.


Author(s):  
V. Khandelwal ◽  
T. Sharma ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
S.V. Singh

Rapid industrialization and successful green revolution have introduced a wide array of chemicals into our environment; some of these chemicals entered in ecosystem; gets accumulated and exert serious health and ecological problems. These toxic substances can enter the food chain and emphasize pathological changes which damage either cell, organ or system (circulatory, immune, respiratory, digestive, nervous, reproductive and musculo-skeletal etc.) by altering structure and/or function of biological components; DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. This review article provides certain molecular diagnostic techniques used for their robust and accurate detection at molecular level. Investigations conducted during 2020-2021 where various review and research articles were surveyed and then extracted to enlist congestive datum for rapid detection of toxicological changes in animals. In our investigations we concluded that toxic substances present in our environment affects health of animals by altering structure and functioning of biomolecules and their concerned system. These cytological and systemic changes can be detected with the help of molecular diagnostic techniques including dideoxysequencing, pyrosequencing, allele specific RT-PCR, CRISPER/Cas, genotyping and microarrays etc. present collection of data will provide congestive information for rapid toxicological detection at molecular level.


2021 ◽  
pp. 76-95
Author(s):  
Marcela Velasco

Gabriel García Márquez offers rich accounts of the Colombian Caribbean’s experience with the historical forces of progress that test traditional societies and their predominant values and attitudes. Colombian historiography identifies various broad stages of secular change in the Caribbean since independence: (1) the emergence of enclave economies, (2) the arrival of people fleeing violence, (3) the foundation of new settlements in the hinterland, (4) the rapid industrialization of Barranquilla, and (5) the region’s full integration into the national project. García Márquez’s fictional towns and generations exist in phases 1–4, which roughly correspond with one hundred years of postindependence history. His Caribbean, like the real one, follows a messy path to modernity where traditional values are tested. It has fuzzy political, cultural, and economic borders and is governed by overlapping elites who, unintentionally, leave vacuums of power for the reproduction of morally loose, intercultural, and miscegenated societies. These societies see the dominant civilization and are familiar with its technologies and social projects. News of progress comes to them in leaf storms, books of knowledge brought by gypsies, trains arriving out of nowhere, or the speeches of shady politicians. This article argues that such broad changes shape values and attitudes as people adapt to new patterns of organization. In the standard modernization account, traditional values (i.e., survival/family orientation) give way to secular values (i.e., self-expression/trust in anonymous institutions). But this cultural transition is neither smooth nor complete. Rather, traditional and secular values coexist in constant tension, and García Márquez shows how.


Nano Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Ismail Adamu ◽  
Peipei Chen ◽  
Weiguo Chu

Abstract Nanostructuring, including tailoring dimensionality, size and morphology, and nanopatterning, is well recognized to play an increasingly important role in sensing units/chips of electrical gas sensors. As two predominant and fundamental configurations, chemiresistor- and field emission transistor (FET)-based electrical gas sensors are receiving increasing attention for fundamental research and practical applications. Herein, state-of-the-art overviews of electrical gas sensors are presented with emphasis on the role of nanostructuring in sensing units for both chemiresistors and FETs types, the strategies for their performance enhancement, and some key sensing mechanisms involved. Nanostructuring of sensing units and their dependence of the performance of chemiresistor- and FET-based gas sensors are discussed according to zero- (0D), one-(1D), two- (2D), and three-dimension (3D), respectively. Other types of gas sensors are also mentioned briefly. Some particular strategies such as loading external heat and light sources, electrical field, and mechanical forces for providing extra freedom to improve and optimize the performance are introduced in detail. Finally, a summary and future perspectives about gas sensors are given with some novel strategies, ideas, and solutions that could make it possible to meet the requirements of rapid industrialization, informatization, intelligentization, and population expansion.


Author(s):  
Suchitra K

Abstract: The environment which is a part of ecosystem is being polluted due to urbanization, rapid industrialization increased demands for resources in our day to day lives have left no resources untouched. Various anthropogenic activities such as mining and milling operations, which include grinding, screening, concentrating ores and removal of tailings, disposal of mine and mill waste water release toxic metals into the natural environment affecting the lithosphere. Reclamation is the process of restoring the environmental soundness of these distressed mine lands. It consists of governing all kinds of physical, chemical and biological inconvenience of land area or soil such as fertility, pH, microbial activities and different soil nutrient cycles that make the destructed land soil fertile. The main aim of the reclamation is to bring back the fertility of soil by increasing its N, P, K values and Carbon contents. There are various remediation technologies available for removal of heavy metal from contaminated mine soil, in this paper we have discussed in-situ remediation, physical remediation, chemical remediation and biological remediation technologies which are implemented across the globe.


Author(s):  
Aatish Dhiraj Agrawal

Abstract: Rapid industrialization and sudden growth of population around the globe from the 18th century onwards ultimately led to the uncontrolled growth of manufacturing and energy producing industries. To make processes economical industries side lined the environment which began showing its effects from the past 50 years. Ever since Global Warming (commonly attributed to the unhealthy quantities of greenhouse gasses) starting to take up the centre stage, environmentalist and chemical engineers around the globe felt the need to reinvent our industrial processes to balance economy with environmental health. Through the medium of this report we intend to highlight yet another essential need of the hour that not only has the potential to reverse the damage of high carbon release by industries but also maintain economics of plant operation. Although Carbon capture is already a subject that is in study by scientists and engineers around the globe we intend to contribute and understand its plausibility using technology and simulation as a tool to facilitate better understanding of Co2 extraction from flue gasses


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document