external electric fields
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Author(s):  
Mikhail Bryushinin ◽  
Vladimir Kulikov ◽  
Alexander Petrov ◽  
Igor Sokolov ◽  
Roman Romashko ◽  
...  

Abstract We report the nonstationary holographic current excitation in a β-Ga2O3 crystal at light wavelength λ=457 nm. The material demonstrates insulating properties and high transparency for a visible light, but this, however, does not prevent the dynamic space-charge grating formation and the holographic current observation for various external electric fields - zero, dc and ac ones. The signal amplitude is measured and analyzed versus the frequency of phase modulation, spatial frequency and electric field value. The main photoelectric parameters such as specific photoconductivity, sensor responsivity and diffusion length of carriers are determined for the blue region of spectrum.


Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Yudong Wang ◽  
Jinhua Yuan ◽  
Xiaopeng Zhao ◽  
Jianbo Yin

Due to their unique anisotropic morphology and properties, graphene-based materials have received extensive attention in the field of smart materials. Recent studies show that graphene-based materials have potential application as a dispersed phase to develop high-performance electrorheological (ER) fluids, a kind of smart suspension whose viscosity and viscoelastic properties can be adjusted by external electric fields. However, pure graphene is not suitable for use as the dispersed phase of ER fluids due to the electric short circuit caused by its high electrical conductivity under electric fields. However, graphene oxide (GO) and graphene-based composites are suitable for use as the dispersed phase of ER fluids and show significantly enhanced property. In this review, we look critically at the latest developments of ER fluids based on GO and graphene-based composites, including their preparation, electrically tunable ER property, and dispersed stability. The mechanism behind enhanced ER property is discussed according to dielectric spectrum analysis. Finally, we also propose the remaining challenges and possible developments for the future outlook in this field.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dat D. Vo ◽  
Vu V. Tuan

A first principles calculation was performed to investigate the photocatalytic behavior of 2D Janus monolayer HfSO at equilibrium and under the influence of strains and external electric fields. A thorough...


Author(s):  
Наталья Николаевна Большакова ◽  
Евгений Викторович Вахтеров ◽  
Александра Ивановна Иванова ◽  
Борис Борисович Педько ◽  
Елена Михайловна Семенова

В работе представлены результаты исследований термоиндуцированных доменных процессов в хромсодержащих кристаллах триглицинсульфата. Показано, что изменение температуры кристаллов ТГС: Cr в отсутствие внешних электрических полей сопровождается перестройкой доменной структуры, которая наиболее интенсивно происходит в области фазового перехода. Деполяризующее поле величиной ~1,4·10 В·м, которое порождается градиентным изменением температуры образца, вызывает процесс переключения его доменной структуры. В неотожженных кристаллах при концентрациях примеси, превышающих 5·10 вес. % процессы переключения затруднены, а интенсивность термоиндуцированных доменных процессов существенно ниже аналогичных для образцов с меньшим содержанием примеси. На интенсивность процессов переключения кристаллов ТГС: Cr существенное влияние оказывает скорость их нагревания. Зависимости интегрального числа скачков переполяризации от скорости нагревания образцов N = f (V) носят экстремальный характер. Экстремумы кривых N = f (V) лежат в интервалах скоростей (0,2-0,8) K·c. Доменная структура кристаллов ТГС:Cr состоит из матрицы основного домена, линзовидных и ламелеобразных доменов. Под воздействием электронного пучка наблюдается эволюция доменной структуры, сопровождающаяся ростом доменов, их слиянием и переключением образца. Высокотемпературный отжиг кристаллов приводит к их полидоменизации. The article presents the results of studies of thermally induced domain processes in chromium-containing crystals of triglycine sulfate (TGS). It is shown that a change in the temperature of TGS: Cr crystals in the absence of external electric fields is accompanied by a rearrangement of the domain structure, that occurs most intensively in the region of the phase transition. A depolarizing field of ~1,4·10 V·m, which is generated by a gradient change in the temperature of the sample, causes the process of switching its domain structure. In unannealed crystals at impurity concentrations exceeding 5·10 wt.%, switching processes are hindered, and the intensity of thermally induced domain processes is significantly lower than that for samples with a lower impurity content. The intensity of the switching processes of TGS: Cr crystals is significantly influenced by the rate of their heating. The dependences of the integral number of polarization-reversal jumps on the heating rate of the samples N = f (V) are extreme. The extrema of the N = f (V) curves lie in the rate intervals (0,2 - 0,8) K·c. The domain structure of TGS: Cr crystals consists of a matrix of the main domain, lenticular and lamellar domains. Evolution of the domain structure is observed under the influence of an electron beam, accompanied by the growth of domains, their coalescence, and sample switching. High-temperature annealing of crystals leads to their polydomenization.


ACS Catalysis ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 14467-14479
Author(s):  
Pau Besalú-Sala ◽  
Miquel Solà ◽  
Josep M. Luis ◽  
Miquel Torrent-Sucarrat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Van Lommel ◽  
Rik H. Verschueren ◽  
Wim M. De Borggraeve ◽  
Freija De Vleeschouwer ◽  
Thijs Stuyver

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