present trial
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

135
(FIVE YEARS 44)

H-INDEX

17
(FIVE YEARS 3)

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Usman ◽  
H. M. Ishaq ◽  
A. Mahmud ◽  
E. Bughio ◽  
M. Azhar ◽  
...  

Abstract The present trial explained the effect of alternative production systems on growth, morphometric and carcass traits of four different chicken genotypes. The second generation of two genotypes RNN (Rhode Island Red × Naked Neck) and BNN (Black Australorp × Naked Neck) obtained by two self-crosses (RNN × RNN = RR and BNN × BNN = BB) and two reciprocal crosses (RNN × BNN = RB and BNN × RNN = BR) were evaluated in three alternative production systems (conventional cages, enriched cages, and aviary). At the 6th week of age after sexing, a total of 600 birds, comprising 150 from each crossbred with a total of 300 pullets and 300 cockerels were divided into conventional cages, enriched cages, and aviary systems having 200 birds in each.Birds were organized into 3×4 factorial arrangements under Completely Randomized Design (3 production systems × 4 genotypes × 2 sexes × 25 birds = 600 birds). Regarding genotypes, RB and BR males showed higher (p < 0.01) carcass yield, drumstick weight, breast weight, and thigh weight than BB and RR genotypes. Females of BR genotype showed higher (p < 0.01) breast weight, thigh weight and drumstick weight. As far as production systems are concerned, higher (p < 0.01) liver weight, heart weight, breast weight, intestinal weight, drumstick weight, and thigh weight were observed in the males reared in enriched cages compared with conventional cages and aviary system. Females reared in enriched cages showed higher (p < 0.01) heart weight, breast weight, intestinal weight, drumstick weight, and thigh weight when compared with those reared in conventional cages and aviary. It is concluded that chickens (both sexes) of BR and RB genotypes had better morphological measurements and carcass traits than those of RR and BB genotype chickens. Among alternative production systems, chickens reared in enriched cages had better traits than those of reared in conventional cages and aviary during the growing phase.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro-Antonio Regidor ◽  
W. H. Richter ◽  
R. Koytchev ◽  
V. Kirkovd ◽  
E. Colli

Abstract Background:The objective of the present trial was to assess the difference in pharmacokinetics of an oral test preparation containing 4 mg drospirenone. under fasting conditions compared to food intake after single dose administration.Methods:Open label, single centre, two-treatment, two-sequence, crossover study in 24 healthy female volunteers, with duration of 1 day per sequence and with a real wash-out period of 14 days to investigate the relative bioavailability of DRSP with both forms of administration. The 90% confidence intervals were calculated for the intra-individual ratio (test with food vs. without food) of the pharmacokinetic endpoints AUC(0-72h) and Cmax of drospirenone. Results:The 90% CI calculated by means of ANOVA-log for the endpoint, intra-individual ratio (Test ‘A’ = with food intake) vs. Test ‘B’ = without food intake) of AUC(0-72h) of drospirenone was between 104.72% and 111.36%. The 90% CI calculated by means of ANOVA- log for the endpoint intra-individual ratio (Test ‘A’ vs. Test ‘B’) of Cmax of drospirenone was between 118.58% and 141.10%.The mean relative bioavailability of the Test with food ‘A’ compared to the Test without food ‘B’ after single dose administration based on the endpoints AUC(0-72h) was 107.99%; for the endpoint Cmax it was 129.35%.Conclusions:The rate of absorption, based on the endpoint Cmax of drospirenone was increased by about 30% under fed conditions which differs to a COC containing 0,02 mg EE and 3 mg drospirenone in a 24/4 regimen where the rate of absorption was reduced by about 40% for both components. Implications: Our results suggest that the food intake has no impact on the absorption of 4 mg drospirenone in the management for contraception.This raises up the contraceptive efficacy as no interference with food is expected in real life use when consuming the oral formulation


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline Vermeiren ◽  
Tiffany Naets ◽  
Annelies Van Eyck ◽  
Leentje Vervoort ◽  
Marijke Ysebaert ◽  
...  

Background: Currently available treatment programs for children with obesity only have modest long-term results, which is (at least partially) due to the poorer self-control observed within this population. The present trial aimed to determine whether an online self-control training, training inhibition, and redirecting attentional bias, can improve the short- and long-term treatment outcome of (in- or outpatient) child obesity treatment programs.Methods: In this double-blind multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT), participants aged 8–18 years with obesity were allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive an online self-control or sham training added to their in- or outpatient multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT) program. The primary endpoint was BMI SDS. Data were analyzed by linear mixed models and the main interactions of interest were randomization by time and randomization by number of sessions, as the latter was cumulatively expressed and therefore represents the effect of increasing dose over time.Results: One hundred forty-four inpatient (mean age 14.3 ± 2.2 years, BMI 2.7 ± 0.4 SDS, 42% male) and 115 outpatient children (mean age 11.9 ± 2.1 years, BMI 2.4 ± 0.4 SDS, 45% male) were included. Children's BMI lowered significantly during treatment in both the in- and outpatient treatment centers, p &lt; 0.001. In a mixed model with BMI as dependent variable, randomization by time was non-significant, but the number of self-control trainings (randomization * number of sessions) interacted significantly with setting and with age (p = 0.002 and p = 0.047), indicating a potential effect in younger inpatient residents. Indeed, a subgroup analysis on 22 inpatient children of 8–12 years found a benefit of the number of self-control trainings on BMI (p = 0.026).Conclusions: The present trial found no benefit of the self-control training in the entire study population, however a subgroup of young, inpatient participants potentially benefited.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Peter A. Roussos ◽  
Athanassios Tsafouros ◽  
Efstathios Ntanos ◽  
Nikoleta-Kleio Denaxa ◽  
Anna Kosta ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit plants are extremely sensitive to hail storms. Black anti-hail nets are the most frequently used in kiwifruit culture, to protect both the plant and current as well as future production. OBJECTIVE: The present trial aimed to assess if the black hail net could also serve as an amelioration agent against high temperature and irradiance during the summer months. METHODS: The photosynthetic capacity, the yield, and fruit quality (carbohydrates, organic acids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity) of “Hayward” kiwifruit cultivar, both at harvest and after three months of storage were evaluated. RESULTS: Photosynthetic capacity under the net was slightly higher compared to control, while leaf temperature was always lower during the summer and autumn. The yield was significantly enhanced under the net, while the fruits exhibited higher titratable acidity, organic acids, and ascorbic acid concentration. After the storage, fruits produced from vines grown under net still had higher organic acid content, as well as total soluble solids but lower antioxidant capacity compared to control. CONCLUSIONS: Net installation above kiwifruit canopy seems to alleviate the effects of high temperature and heat load on kiwifruit vines, under saturating light intensity, inducing higher yields with good fruit quality.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Pak ◽  
N. A. Kalyagina ◽  
D. M. Yagudaev

Introduction. This work analyzes efficacy, convenience, and safety of a high-energy laser light technique for destructing large kidney stones in patients with nephrolithiasis in comparison to other contact methods of nephrolithotripsy.Material and methods. The effectiveness of contact laser nephrolithotripsy is compared to that of hydropneumatic and ultrasonic lithotripsy. Holmium green laser light was used in this laser procedure. For other techniques, Swiss LithoClast Master devices were used. The authors have analyzed outcomes obtained after operating on 73 patients with large and complex kidney stones.Results. To evaluate the effectiveness, basic parameters were taken (degree of kidney cleaning of stones and their fragments, probability of migration of stone fragments, blood loss, duration of surgery, complications, etc.). In addition, the correlation between basic parameters was obtained and analyzed.Conclusion. The present trial has shown that laser contact lithotripsy is the most optimal technique for destructing large and complex kidney stones in comparison to traditional modalities such as contact hydropneumatic and ultrasonic lithotripsy. It takes more time but provides more effective cleaning from calculi.


Author(s):  
Java Walladbegi ◽  
Roger Henriksson ◽  
Björn Tavelin ◽  
Anncarin Svanberg ◽  
Gunnar Larfors ◽  
...  

AbstractCryoprevention (CP) using ice (IC) is an effective strategy to prevent chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM). However, the use of IC may cause adverse reactions and requires water of safe quality to minimize risk of serious infections. This randomized, blinded, parallel group, phase 3 trial was conducted in five Scandinavian centers. Eligible patients were diagnosed with multiple myeloma or lymphoma, scheduled to receive conditioning with high-dose chemotherapy prior to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Patients were assigned to cooling with IC or a novel intraoral cooling device (ICD). The primary outcome was the highest OM score during the study period, expressed as peak value on the Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS–total). When the entire study population (n = 172) was analyzed for peak OMAS–total, the two cooling methods were equally effective. However, when the lymphoma group was analyzed separately, the ICD significantly reduced the peak OMAS–total score to a greater extent compared to IC (x̄ ± SD; 1.77 ± 1.59 vs. 3.08 ± 1.50; p = 0.047). Combined with existing evidence, the results of the present trial confirm that CP is an effective method to prevent OM. ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03203733.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (D) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Ibraheem Hamadi ◽  
Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati ◽  
Zafin Kara Beit

AIM: The present study aimed to compare the clinical efficiency of facial pressure bandage, to that of intramuscular injection of dexamethasone (8 mg) on postsurgical sequels (swelling, pain, and trismus) of extraction of impacted mandibular third molar. METHODS: The study implemented a randomized split-mouth design. Patients with symmetrical bilateral impacted molars were eligible for the present trial. Sides were randomly assigned to two groups: pressure bandage group and dexamethasone group. The evaluated postsurgical sequels were extraoral swelling, trismus, and pain after 48 h and 7 days. RESULTS: The study included 42 impacted third molars (n = 42) in 21 patients with a mean age of 23.4 years. Most participants were females (66.7%). The mean postoperative swelling rates after 48 h and 7 days in pressure bandage group were found to be comparable to those of dexamethasone group. No significant difference was found in the mean rates of postoperative trismus between study groups after 48 h and 7 days. Differences in mean pain level scores between the pressure bandage group and dexamethasone group were statistically insignificant after 48 h and 7 days. CONCLUSION: The study findings showed that the effect of the pressure bandage was comparable to dexamethasone effect on the postsurgical sequels after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1704-1710
Author(s):  
Priyanka Patil ◽  
Nutan R Radaye ◽  
Govind Lihinar

The eye is the prime sense organ among all sense organs, thus the word Drushti indicates the function of vision. Sushruta has described 12 Drishtigat rogas in Uttartantra. The anatomical consideration of Patalas & symptoms of the vitiated Doshas situated in these Patalas reveals that the word Timira which is described as an ocular pathol- ogy in Ayurveda is nothing but errors of refraction. Myopia, a form of refractive error where the distant vision is compromised, embraces a large section of the present-day population. In today's world, the pace of life has become fast, irregular and stressful, due to which the visual acuity gets impeded, which can be correlated with Timira de- scribed in Ayurvedic classics. Prathama Patalagata Timira is explained by all Acharyasas a Sadhya Drishtigata Roga. When vitiated Doshas reaches the Pratham Patala of the eye, the patients have blurred vision; this stage is characterized by Avyaktasdarshana (Sushruta) & Animitta Avyakata Rupa Darshana (Vagbhata). Vagbhata has described Nasya as a treatment modality for Urdhwajatrugata Vikaras Sushruta has described Viddhakarma as a treatment modality for Timira in Sutrasthana. Akshadi Taila Nasya Yoga is explained in Ashtang Hrudaya. In the present trial, 30 patients of Prathama Patalagata Timira were selected and Nasya of Akshadi Taila was done along with Viddhakarma. Keywords: Timira, Nasya, Akshadi Taila, Simple myopia, Viddhakarma


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Ateudjieu ◽  
Ketina Hirma Tchio Nighie ◽  
André Pascal Goura ◽  
Martin Yakum Ndinakie ◽  
Miltiade Dieffi Tchifou ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Vaccines offered by countries’ expanded program on immunization contribute to the reduction of mortality and morbidity, but access to these vaccines remains quite limited in most developing countries. OBJECTIVE The present trial assesses whether involving Community Volunteers (CV) to track children vaccination status and demographic movements and using recorded data to plan catch-up immunization sessions can improve children vaccination timeliness, completeness and coverage. METHODS This was a randomized controlled field trial in which communities of the Foumban Health district based in West region of Cameroon were allocated to intervention or control groups. In the intervention group, a CV per community was trained to visit households monthly for a year to record EPI targeted children in a Community EPI register (CER), their demographic movements and assess their immunization status. CER recorded page was snapped and sent to health center immunization team through WhatsApp and used to plan and implement monthly community catch up immunization sessions. In the control group, the EPI immunization sessions were conducted as routinely. Surveys were conducted at 6 (midline) and 12 (end line) months from the beginning of the intervention in both study groups to assess and compare immunization timeliness, coverage and completeness. RESULTS Thirty-two clusters per study group of about 160 buildings were followed for a year. In each cluster, a sample of 30 building was selected and surveyed at midline and endline. Of 792 and 876 households (HH) targeted for surveys in midline and end line in the intervention groups, 98.0% and 99.5% were reached respectively whereas in the control group, 1296 and 722 HH were targeted and 72.3% and 70.2% reached in midline and endline surveys respectively. One year after the implementation of the intervention, the timeliness of BCG administration in the first month of life did not increase in the intervention group compared to the control group for the age groups 0-11 (adjOR = 1.1 (0.7-1.8)) and 0-59 months (AdjOR=1.1(0.9-1.4)); meanwhile the increase was significant for the first year BCG administration for the age group 0-23 months (adjusted (AdjOR= 1.5 (1.1-2.2)). The coverage of DPT-Hi+Hb3 (AdjOR= 2.0 (1.5-2.7)), DPT-Hi+Hb1(adjOR= 1.8 (1.4-2.4)) significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group in age groups 12-59 and 12-23 months. Specific (DPT-Hi+Hb1 to DPT-Hi+Hb3) (AdjOR= 1.9 (1.4-2.6)) and general (BCG to measles) (AdjOR=1.5 (1.1-2.1)) vaccine completeness increased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Results of the present trial support that involving Community Volunteers to track children vaccination status and demographic movements and using recorded data to plan catch-up immunization sessions improve children vaccination timeliness, completeness and coverage. If its consistency is verified in other contexts, this strategy should be adopted to improve access to vaccination for EPI target populations. CLINICALTRIAL Pan African Clinical Trials Registry ID: PACTR201808527428720; Approved and registered on the August 22, 2018.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre ◽  
Raffaella Panza ◽  
Antonio Di Mauro ◽  
Margherita Fanelli ◽  
Paola Mastromarino ◽  
...  

Abstract IntroductionNeonatal encephalopathy is still a major cause of mortality and morbidity for newborns, although hypothermia treatment has improved the prognosis of term newborns with hypoxic-ischemic injury.Recent evidence suggests that one of the crucial but understudied mechanisms of secondary neuronal injury after global hypoxic-ischemic injury is inflammation.Hence, blocking the inflammatory reaction promotes neuroprotection and has a potential for use in the clinical treatment of ischemic brain injury.Many preclinical studies have shown bidirectional interactions between the central nervous system, the enteric nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract, suggesting a prominent role for the gut microbiota in these gut-brain interactions. Early human studies suggest that altering the microbiota with beneficial bacteria, or probiotics, can lead to changes in brain function, as well as subjective reports of mood.Methods and analysisThe VISNAT trial is a PILOT STUDY developed according to SPIRIT checklist. It is a randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded, multicentre superiority trial with two parallel groups and a primary outcome of mortality and/or disability at 18 months of age.The experimental intervention will consist in administrating a high-dose multi-strain probiotic (SIVOMIXXTM) for 30 days in addition to hypothermic therapy.Primary outcome will be to compare mortality and/or disability at 18 month of age between the two groups. Disability will be assessed by means of the Bayley Mental Development Index. Secondary outcomes will be to compare inflammatory cytokines level and brain injury biomarkers (i.e. Tau and neurofilament light protein) between groups.A subgroup analysis will be performed stratifying patients according to both probiotic/placebo treatment and breast/artificial milk.DiscussionProbiotics supplementation represents a simple and reproducible intervention. If proven effective, probiotics supplementation in asphyxiated babies would improve clinical outcomes and reduce health cost. Hence, this study may cast a new light on the management of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Trial registration numberStudy has been registered on clinicaltrials.org on 23rd October 2019 with number NCT04145713. Trial StatusThe present trial (VISNAT Study Version 1.0 - 23 October 2019) has been approved by the Ethics Committees of the coordinator centre “Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari”. Approval from the Ethics Committees of each participating hospital has also been requested. Enrollment of patients is planned to start in July 2021 and should last approximately 2 years.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document