recuperative braking
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Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Lukáš Dvořáček ◽  
Martin Horák ◽  
Jaroslav Knápek

Electric vehicles represent an innovation in mobility that can help significantly reduce greenhouse emissions and mitigate climate change. However, replacing internal combustion with electric vehicles is not enough. This replacement needs to be complemented with a change in the energy mix of individual countries towards renewable energy sources and efficient use of electricity generated as a secondary product. Recuperative braking energy from trains can serve as one source of such secondary energy. Following an analysis of recuperative energy generated and analysis of charging requirements of individual electric vehicles, the paper proposes a model of a charging site near train stations. Using this energy to charge electric vehicles helps to reduce energy consumption from the electricity grid and thus reduce carbon emissions. Compared to other articles, the proposed model ensures the efficient use of recuperative braking energy from trains by using the variable charging power function; thereby, the installation of additional battery storage is eliminated. Our model results show that the benefits of a car park with a reservation system near train stations increase the car park efficiency, provide a sufficient number of private charging points, contribute to efficient use of recovered energy, and reduce carbon emissions.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Michał Urbaniak ◽  
Ewa Kardas-Cinal

The main aim of the paper was to develop an innovative approach to the preliminary estimation possibility of train energy cooperation based on data from timetables, without traction calculations. The article points out the need to strive for sustainable and environmentally friendly transport. It was pointed out that rail transport using electric traction is one of the more ecological branches of transport. It also offers a number of possibilities for improving energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption, one of which is the recovery and reuse of energy lost in the electrodynamic braking process. The main ways in which such energy can be used are listed, but the focus is mainly on the aspect of the so-called “energy cooperation” of trains. Then, the current state of the research and knowledge on the narrowed scope of rail traffic management and recuperative braking in rail transportation is presented; an innovative approach to the indirect optimization of the amount of recuperated electrical energy immediately usable by another vehicle by maximizing the duration of energy co-optimization is proposed; and the authors’ function is proposed to enable optimization, taking into account various parameters. The optimization was performed with the use of a proprietary, multi-criteria objective function and the Solver optimization module. Finally, the results obtained using the proposed approach are presented and illustrated with the example of train timetables used by some of the largest railway stations in Poland.


Author(s):  
M. O Kostin ◽  
A. M Mukha ◽  
O. H Sheikina ◽  
O. Y Kurylenko

Purpose. Development of a method for determining the main functional parameters of on-board supercapacitor recuperative energy storage based on the asymptotic theory of extreme statistics by Gumbel, taking into account stochastic nature of changes in recuperated voltage and current. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, methods, devices and computer systems for temporary registration of recuperated voltages and currents on operating electric locomotives, methods of the theory of random processes and methods of probabilistic and statistical processing of registrograms of voltages and currents were used. Findings. A computational and experimental method for estimating recuperative energy has been proposed and practically applied. A probabilistic method has been developed for determining the energy and electric capacity of on-board supercapacitor recuperative energy storage units. Numerical probabilistic and statistical calculations of the energy and electric capacity of on-board storage for the VL8 and VL11M6 electric locomotives during their operation in the sections of Prydniprovska railway have been carried out. It was found that the energy and electric capacity of on-board storage devices are distributed according to an exponential law with a clear prevalence of their minimum values and in compliance with direct proportionality between them. Originality. For the first time, an autonomous phase of recuperative braking mode of an electric rolling stock has been developed, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the mass and dimension of a supercapacitor storage. The asymptotic theory of extreme statistics by Gumbel was adapted to the method for calculating energy and electric capacity of an on-board storage device, which made it possible to take into account the influence of stochastic nature of changes in the recuperated voltage and current. The probabilistic influence regularities of the change nature in the recuperation energy on the capacity of on-board storage in the phase of recuperative braking have been established. Further development was obtained by a computational-experimental method for assessing the recuperative energy, based on monitoring and using the time dependences of voltage and current obtained in real modes of recuperative braking. For the first time in electric traction systems, it was proposed to carry out the transition from the recuperative braking mode to the recuperative regeneration mode. Practical value. The developed method and technique based on it make it possible to evaluate functional parameters of on-board storage device of all types of electric rolling stock, considering stochastic nature of recuperated voltages and currents. Numerical-graphic dependences of the energy intensity and capacity of the on-board storage are recommended for predicting and evaluating these parameters for various modes of recuperative braking. Since the task of designing an on-board storage unit (in terms of mass and dimensions) is ambiguous, therefore, in each specific case of the type of electric locomotive and recuperation modes, it must be solved individually, taking into account the probability of the corresponding capacitance values.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ponikarovska ◽  
Aleksandr Bogajevskiy ◽  
Shchasiana Arhun ◽  
Vladimir Dvadnenko
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Cieślik ◽  
Filip Szwajca ◽  
Jacek Golimowski

The greenhouse effect and overall climate changes are the main reasons for developing ecological powertrain units dedicated to road vehicles. An electrical drivetrain without using conventional combustion engines fueled by hydrocar-bon fuels is an effective method to significantly reduce CO2 emissions from the fleet. It is particularly vital in 2020 emis-sion regulations aspects, and continuously the number of vehicles increasing. In this paper battery electric drive system of a small size passenger car was analyzed in terms of two different drive modes in cooperation with two recuperative braking modes. The research was carried out with real driving condition test requirements and driving parameters re-cording. Based on data obtained from OBD signals, energy flow and torque distribution have been specified. In results, overall reducing energy consumption has been achieved with ECO mode compared to normal mode. Selection of the driving mode ECO has a positive impact on reducing the state of charge saving more than 5%, taking into account the whole RDC test; greater energy consumption reductions were observed in selected test areas.


2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
V. A. Baranov ◽  
I. P. Vikulov ◽  
A. A. Kiselev ◽  
A. S. Maznev

High proportion of electric trains with collector trac-A monitoring system of electrodynamic braking has been develotion motors in the multiple unit fleet and its low cost in comparison ped with preservation of the electric train standard equipment. It al-with electric trains with an asynchronous traction make it neces-lows regulating the recuperative current depending on the possibility sary to improve the control system of motor collectors. One of the of its consumption by changing the resistance of the braking resistors. ways is to create devices to improve the efficiency of recuperative Imitation model of DC electric train power circuit in the electrobraking. dynamic braking mode with a monitoring system was developed.It takes into account the influence of eddy currents in the motor frame, armature current ripples and the catenary voltage increase during recuperative braking.Electromagnetic processes in the electric train power circuit are investigated. Analysis of the obtained oscillograms shows the change in the armature current and the catenary voltage within the specified limits in the braking mode. Recuperative current regulator is tuned to an aperiodic transient with a time equal to 0.015 s.The paper shows possibility of the monitoring system to regulate the armature current in the recuperative mode together with the automatic braking control system in case of increasing the catenary voltage. When the voltage fails, the monitoring system is not able to limit the increasing braking current, its reduction is effected by the magnetic flux of the traction motors.Adjusting characteristic and the technical effect from the implementation of the monitoring system are calculated. The possibility of reducing the electric power consumption by 4.62 % is shown.


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