A Review on Friction Stir Processing Over Other Surface Modification Processing Techniques of Magnesium Alloys

An enormous amount of research is conducted on aluminium alloys on friction stir process, despite magnesium alloy reporting severe weight reduction when compared to aluminium alloys; a very slight amount of research was testified by friction stir processing of magnesium alloys. Magnesium is highly reactive and susceptible to corrosion in the presence of an aggressive environment. This highly corrosive nature of magnesium limits its applications. Surface properties like crystal structure, composition, and micro structure influence the corrosion and wear property of the material. Coating and alloying like laser surface modifications are performed to passivate magnesium surface from corrosion. Coating techniques, however were found to be insufficient in corrosion protection due to coating defects like pores, cracks, etc, and adhesion problems caused due to poor surface preparation of the substrate, and also impurities present in coating which provides micro galvanic cells for corrosion. Current study analyses the detailed overview of different types of Surface modification methods such as Physical vapor deposition, Chemical vapor deposition, Chemical conversion coating, Ion implantation coating techniques and also work focuses on few of Alloying or Surface processing methods such as Laser surface modification namely Laser surface melting, Laser surface cladding, Laser Shot Peening, Laser surface alloying and Friction stir processing (FSP). Friction stir processing a novel method derived from friction stir welding is used as surface modification method, which modifies micro structure, composition of surface layer without changing bulk properties, for enhancing corrosion resistance property. FSP enhances the micro structure and homogenizes but it is also eliminating the breaking up of the brittle- network phases and also cast micro structure imperfections. Indeed FSP can produce particle and fiber-reinforced magnesium-based surface composites. FSP empowers the manufacturing of magnesium by adding additives. Comparison of the different methods of coating and surface modification has been compared with FSP

A Challenge of Macro-Meso-Micro Analysis Impacts on Multiracial Nationality Decision Making :Multiracial Thai-Japanese in Bangkok

Nationality decision making could impact immensely to country structural, society issues, and future population. Exploring the factors and model prediction could dramatical give benefits to Thailand-Japan or as a reference to other countries toward possibility of multiracial nationality decision making, policy approach to future population and international labor management. The case study of Thai-Japanese multiracial nationality decision making could crucial explain to 4 scenarioses under developing and developed country status contexts. The objectives in this exploratory basic factors research are (1) To study the possibility factors of multiracial decision making (2) To adjust the factors impact on multiracial decision making into a model prediction (3) To assess a model in separation of developing and developed country context toward multiracial decision making. This research conduted N=685 of multinaitonality Thai-Japanese in Bangkok (Thailand) under criteria control throught statistic processes requirement, questionnaire survey conducted in purposive sampling via online at Bangkok as the biggest majority province of Japanese migrant in Thailand (Thailand-Japan embassy,2019). PLS-SEM was considered to assess a formative measurement from lower to higher order and mediation model of macro, meso, and micro levels by using SMART-PLS 3.0. The results indicate that Thailand macro level should concern about “Political and governance”, and “Hospital and wellness” factors, Japan macro level should consider to “Economic”, and “Working environment” factors. Also, Thailand meso level have more issue on development factors than Japan, afterward meso factor as an individual background and experience reports that education and passport competency support to multiracial nationality decision making to both Thailand and Japan. As a result, Thailand macro, meso, and micro structure presents to the unrelevance between macro, meso, and micro which causes to unsupport of nationality decision making meanwhile Japan has a potential to escalate a policy toward macro and meso in better positive way with a significant support between macro, meso, and micro structure both direct and indirect to multiracial natonality decision making.

Study on Metakaolin Impact on Concrete Performance of Resisting Complex Ions Corrosion

The main purpose of this study is to determine the metakaolin (MK) impacts on the concrete durability when the concrete is subjected to joint corrosion of SO42−,Mg2+ and, Cl−. Four groups of concrete test samples, which contained different MK contents, were designed and tested in order to see their physical property changes and macro-morphology differences during the cyclic corrosion process. And a series of approaches, including XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS, were applied to study the concrete phase composition changes and the micro-morphology features of all groups. According to the test results, when reaching 20 cycles, the concrete sample with 10% MK showed the best concrete physical properties; when reaching 120 cycles, the concrete with 5% MK content showed the best durability, produced similar amount of corrosion products to ordinary concrete, and presented relatively compacted micro-structure and small internal porosity. Mg2+ actually has a great impact on metakaolin. The corrosion product quantity increased significantly when MK admixture reached 15%. Due to the great number of produced M-S-H, the corrosive ions damaged the concrete for a second time, leading to serious aggregate peeling-off, powder surface of test samples, and porous micro-structure.

Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Teun A. Van Dijk pada Iklan Ramayana Department Store

Ramayana Department Store advertisement is the advertisement which always visualized before and during Ramadan. Ramayana Department Store ads always shows the unique and impressive ads. One of the Ramayana Department Store advertisement which is mostly watched is “Bahagianya Adalah Bahagiaku”. Around 6.6 million viewers have watched the ads in Youtube channel. The reason is the ads can pull the audiences’s sympathy. The purpose of this research is to show the hidden meaning of the ads by showing its macro structure, super structure and micro structure. This is a descriptive qualitative research with Teun A. van Dijk model approach. The data will be discourses in the form of a dialogue carried out in the ads. The result of this study show that the ads has some elements of macro structure, super structure and micro structure.AbstrakIklan Ramayana Departement Store merupakan iklan yang selalu hadir menjelang dan selama Ramadan. Iklan tersebut selalu menghadirkan iklan yang unik, bahkan menyentuh hati. Salah satu iklan yang paling banyak ditonton berjudul “Bahagianya Adalah Bahagiaku”. Iklan tersebut sudah ditonton oleh sekitar 6,6 juta orang dalam kanal Youtube. Alasannya iklan tersebut menarik rasa simpati penonton. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan makna tersembunyi di balik iklan Ramayana Department Store dengan mengungkapkan struktur makro, super struktur, dan struktur mikro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan model Teun A. van Dijk. Data yang digunakan berupa dialog dalam iklan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklan tersebut memiliki unsur struktur makro, super struktur, dan struktur mikro.

Geniposide Ameliorated Dexamethasone-Induced Cholesterol Accumulation in Osteoblasts by Mediating the GLP-1R/ABCA1 Axis

Background: Overexposure to glucocorticoid (GC) produces various clinical complications, including osteoporosis (OP), dyslipidemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Geniposide (GEN) is a natural iridoid compound isolated from Eucommia ulmoides. Our previous study found that GEN could alleviate dexamethasone (DEX)-induced differentiation inhibition of MC3T3-E1 cells. However, whether GEN protected against Dex-induced cholesterol accumulation in osteoblasts was still unclear. Methods: DEX was used to induce rat OP. Micro-CT data was obtained. The ALP activity and mineralization were determined by the staining assays, and the total intracellular cholesterol was determined by the ELISA kits. The protein expression was detected by western blot. Results: GEN ameliorated Dex-induced micro-structure damages and cell differentiation inhibition in the bone trabecula in rats. In MC3T3-E1 cells, Dex enhanced the total intracellular cholesterol, which reduced the activity of cell proliferation and differentiation. Effectively, GEN decreased DEX-induced cholesterol accumulation, enhanced cell differentiation, and upregulated the expression of the GLP-1R/ABCA1 axis. In addition, inhibition of ABAC1 expression reversed the actions of GEN. Treatment with Exendin9-39, a GLP-1R inhibitor, could abrogate the protective activity of GEN. Conclusions: GEN ameliorated Dex-induced accumulation of cholesterol and inhibition of cell differentiation by mediating the GLP-1R/ABCA1 axis in MC3T3-E1 cells.

Preparation of Modified PVA Copolymer by DAAM/ADH and Cross-Linking Mechanism for Paper

Herein, a novel modified polyvinyl alcohol(DA-IPVA) used as sizing agent was prepared by using diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) as graft monomer and N-(isobutoxymethyl)acrylamide(IBMA) as self-cross-linking monomer. The effect of the amount of DAAM on the properties of emulsion, film and sizing paper was discussed. The surface micro-structure of the sizing paper was characterized by SEM and AFM. The addition of DAAM/ADH and IBMA endowed DA-IPVA with cross-linked active group and increased cross-linking density and hydrophobicity after ADH was added into the emulsion and the cross-linking structure was formed. The enhancing mechanism of surface sizing agent for paper was revealed. The DA-IPVA can be cross-linked on the surface and inside of the paper to form a dense network structure, which improves the bonding force between the fibers. When the mole fraction of DAAM of the cross-linking monomer is 8%, the surface sizing performance of the paper is obviously improved compared with the base paper. The dry and wet strength is increased by 266.5% and 334.3% respectively, and the folding resistance is increased 2946.67%. This study can have a profound impact on the development of the technology of cross-linking surface sizing agent for paper.

Superhydrophobic Copper Materials with Excellent Durability and Regeneration Based on Self-Similarity in Structure and Composition

The widespread application of artificial superhydrophobic material is hindered by the poor durability and regeneration of artificial superhydrophobicity. The problem is expected to be resolved by endowing the superhydrophobic material with self-similarity. Herein, Copper-based superhydrophobic material intensified by furfuryl alcohol resin (Cu/FAR) with long-term durability and high strength is developed, and the obtained Cu/FAR composite reveals excellent and durable superhydrophobicity. Moreover, it is a remarkable fact that the as-prepared superhydrophobic Cu/FAR exhibits outstanding durability and maintenance of superhydrophobicity grounded on the good self-similarity in micro-structure, chemical structure and composition both externally and internally. Consequently, the superhydrophobicity can be maintained or regenerated without difficulty even if superhydrophobic surface has been damaged or fouled accidentally. Therefore, the method provides a new thought to prepare superhydrophobic material with robust durability and outstanding maintenance.