Response of root development and nutrient uptake of two chinese cultivars of hybrid rice to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization in Sichuan Province, China

Abstract Background Chemical fertilization helped modern agriculture in grain yield improvement to ensure food security. The response of chemical fertilization for higher hybrid rice production is highly dependent on optimal fertilization management in paddy fields. To assess such responses, in the current work we examine the yield, root growth, and expression of related genes responsible for stress metabolism of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in two hybrid-rice cultivars Deyou4727 (D47) and Yixiangyou2115 (Y21). Methods and results The experiment followed four nitrogen (N) (N0, N60, N120, and N180 kg/ha) and phosphorus (P) (P0, P60, P90, and P120 kg/ha) fertilizer levels. The grain yield in D47 was more sensitive to nitrogen application, while Y21 was more sensitive to phosphorus application, which resulted in comparatively higher biomass and yield. Our findings were corroborated by gene expression studies of glutamine synthetase OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 and phosphate starvation-related genes PHR1 and SPX, confirming sensitivity to N and P application. The number of roots was less sensitive to nitrogen application in D47 between N0 and N60, but the overall nutrient response difference was significantly higher due to the deep rooting system as compared to Y21. Conclusions The higher yield, high N and P use efficiency, and versatile root growth of D47 make it suitable to reduce unproductive usage of N and P from paddy fields, improving hybrid rice productivity, and environmental safety in the Sichuan basin area of China.

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Response of Root Development and Nutrient Uptake of Two Chinese Cultivars of Hybrid Rice to N and P Fertilization in Sichuan Province, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-828647/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guotao Yang ◽

Farhan Nabi ◽

Sumbal Sajid ◽

Abdul Rasheed Kaleri ◽

Ali Murad Jakhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

P Uptake ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Response Sensitivity ◽

Chemical Fertilization ◽

Phosphorus Application

Abstract Chemical fertilization helped modern agriculture in enhancing grain yield to overcome food security. The response of chemical fertilization for higher hybrid rice production is highly dependent on optimal fertilization management in paddy fields. To assess such responses, the current research examined the yield, root growth, and expression of related genes responsible for stress metabolism of N and P in two hybrid-rice cultivars Deyou4727 (D47) and Yixiangyou2115 (Y21). The experiment followed four N (N0, N60, N120, and N180 kg/ha) and P (P0, P60, P90, and P120 kg/ha) fertilizer levels. The D47 was more sensitive toward nitrogen application, which resulted in comparatively higher biomass and yield, while Y21 was more sensitive toward phosphorus application. The grain yield was more sensitive to nitrogen application in D47 but not in Y21. Our findings were corroborated by gene expression studies of glutamine synthetase OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 and phosphate starvation-related genes PHR1 and SPX, which also concluded D47 response sensitivity towards N application and Y21 response sensitivity toward P application. In the case of root numbers, D47 was less sensitive in low nitrogen application N0-N60, but the overall nutrient response difference was significantly higher due to the deep rooting system as compare to Y21. The higher yield, low N and P uptake, and versatile root growth of D47 make it suitable to reduce unproductive usage of N and P from paddy fields, improving hybrid rice productivity, and environmental safety in the Sichuan basin area of China.

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APPLICATION TIME OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION MITIGATES THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF SUBMERGENCE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479714000453 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 522-539 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PRIYANKA GAUTAM ◽

B. LAL ◽

A. K. NAYAK ◽

P. BHATTACHARYYA ◽

M. J. BAIG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Application Time ◽

Drastic Reduction ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Submergence Stress ◽

Phosphorus Application

SUMMARYLarge areas of rainfed lowlands of Asia annually experienced flash flooding during the rice-growing season, which is an important abiotic stress that adversely affect grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop. Submergence stress is a common environmental challenge for agriculture sustainability in these areas because lack of high-yielding, flood-tolerant cultivars. In this study, IR64-Sub1 and IR64 were compared for their tolerance to submergence at active tillering (AT), panicle initiation (PI) and heading (H) stages with nitrogen and phosphorus application time. We evaluated the role of cultivars, stage of submergence and N and P application on phenology, leaf senescence (LS), photosynthetic (Pn) rate, yield attributes and yield. Under non-submerged conditions, no difference was observed in phenology, Pn rate and yield of both cultivars. Submergence substantially reduced biomass, Pn rate, yields attributes and yield across cultivars with more drastic reduction in IR64. Submergence at H stage proves to be most detrimental. Nitrogen application after desubmergence with basal P improved the Pn rate resulting in significantly higher yield and yield components. Nitrogen application before submergence resulted in increased LS and ethylene accumulation in shoots leading to drastic reduction in growth, Pn rate and yield. Crop establishment and productivity could therefore be enhanced in areas where untimely flooding is anticipated by avoiding N application before submergence and applying N after desubmergence with basal P (phosphorus).

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Phosphorus fertilization in inbred and hybrid rice

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8962 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 181-187

Author(s):

MR Islam ◽

PK Saha ◽

SK Zaman ◽

MJ Uddin

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Key Words ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽

Yield Difference ◽

P Balance ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Boro Rice

Five phosphorus rates (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 kg P/ha) were tested with four rice genotypes in Boro (BRRI dhan36, BRRI dhan45, EH1 and EH2) and T. Aman (BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan49, EH1 and EH2) season. Phosphorus rates did not influence grain yield irrespective of varieties in T. Aman season while in Boro season P response was observed among the P rates. Application of P @ 10 kg/ha significantly increased the grain yield. But when P was applied @ 20 and 30 kg P/ha, the grain yield difference was not significant. The optimum and economic rate of P for T. Aman was 20 kg P/ha but in Boro rice the optimum and economic doses of P were 22 and 30 kg/ha, respectively. Hybrid entries (EH1 and EH2) used P more efficiently than inbred varieties. A negative P balance was observed up to 10 kg P/ha. Key words: Response; Phosphorus fertilizer; Inbred; Hybrid rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8962 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 181-187

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Nutrient economy through land configuration and residue management in a greengram (Phaseolus radiatus L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping sequence with limited water supplies

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.52.2004.4.6 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 369-379

Author(s):

B. G. Shivakumar ◽

B. N. Mishra ◽

R. C. Gautam

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Residue Management ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Preceding Crop ◽

Cropping Sequence ◽

Phosphorus Application

A field experiment on a greengram-wheat cropping sequence was carried out under limited water supply conditions in 1997-98 and 1998-99 at the farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. The greengram was sown either on flat beds or on broad beds 2 m in width, divided by furrows, with 0, 30 and 60 kg P2O5/ha. After the harvest of greengram pods, wheat was grown in the same plots, either with the greengram stover removed or with the stover incorporated along with 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha applied to wheat. The grain yield of greengram was higher when sown on broad beds with furrows compared to flat bed sowing, and the application of 30 or 60 kg P2O5/ha resulted in significantly higher grain yields compared to no phosphorus application. The combination of broad bed and furrows with phosphorus fertilization was found to be ideal for achieving higher productivity in greengram. The land configuration treatments had no impact on the productivity of wheat. The application of phosphorus to the preceding crop had a significant residual effect on the grain yield of wheat. The incorporation of greengram stover also significantly increased the grain yield of wheat. The increasing levels of N increased the grain yield of wheat significantly up to 80 kg/ha. The combination of greengram stover incorporation and 80 kg N/ha applied to wheat significantly increased the grain yield. Further, there was a significant interaction effect between the phosphorus applied to the preceding crop and N levels given to wheat on the grain yield of wheat.

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Responses by wheat to lupin, soil amelioration and fertilizer treatments in a solodised solonetz soil

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9880607 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 607 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

WK Gardner ◽

GK McDonald

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Nitrogen Nutrition ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Soil Amelioration ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Deep Placement ◽

Moisture Extraction ◽

Solonetz Soil

Disruption of the junction of the A-B horizons of a yellow duplex soil did not affect moisture extraction or grain yield of wheat grown in the Southern Wimmera, and it is unlikely that this zone represents a serious impediment to root growth. However, improving soil fertility, either by growing lupins or by placing nitrogen and phosphorus in the A2 horizon, did increase yields. Following lupins in 1983, wheat yield increased from 4.3 to 55 t/ha in 1984,andfrom 3.1 to3.7 t/ha in 1985. This response was greater than that due to deep placement of nitrogen and phosphorus (0.3 t/ha in 1984,0.4 t/ha in 1985), probably because of improved root growth as a result of less root disease. There were consistent responses to foliar applications of copper and interactions with other treatments; the greatest responses occurred in situations of improved nitrogen nutrition.

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Phosphorus application increases root growth, improves daily water use during the reproductive stage, and increases grain yield in soybean subjected to water shortage

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103816 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 166 ◽

pp. 103816 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jin He ◽

Yi Jin ◽

Neil C. Turner ◽

Zhu Chen ◽

Hong-Yan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Shortage ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Daily Water ◽

Phosphorus Application

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Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen & Phosphorus Fertilizer and Roguing on Seed Production of Rice in Bangladesh

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v27i430084 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Afia Sultana ◽

Mohammad Salim ◽

Md Abdul Kader ◽

Md. Babul Akter ◽

M. Kamruzzaman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Production ◽

Block Design ◽

Experimental Result ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Significant Yield ◽

Different Levels ◽

P Fertilizers

An experiment was conducted at the Farmer’s Field, Boyra village, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from February to May 2016 to study the yield performance of boro rice for seed production as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization with different levels of roguing. The experiment comprised three levels of roguing viz. no roguing (R0), roguing one time (R1) and roguing two times (R2) and five doses of N and P fertilizers viz. Farmer practice (F1: 250 kg urea and 260 kg TSP), Optimum/recommended (F2: 187 kg urea and 200 kg TSP), High N (F3: 200 kg urea and 200 kg TSP), High P (F4: 187 kg urea and 240 kg TSP) and High N + High P (F5: 200 kg urea and 240 kg TSP). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that the Optimum doses of fertilizer applications significantly produced the highest grain yield among the treatments. All the yield contributing characters showed the best performance in this treatment. Though roguing did not produce significant yield variation but the interaction effects did. Here, The Optimum doses of fertilizer without roguing (F2R0) produced highest grain yield but it was at per with F3R1, F2R2, F2R1, F4R1 and F5R2 treatments. Among the five statistically alike treatments F2R2 i.e. optimum fertilizer dose with two rougings produced the highest number of filled grains per panicle and highest seed germination and appreciably higher percentage of pure seed. Based on this experimental result, it appears that optimum fertilizer dose with two times rouging treatment performed the best for seed production in BRRI dhan29.

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